ALU Design MCQs

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1. Which of the following components is part of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)?
(A) Memory
(B) Control Unit
(C) Registers
(D) Adder

2. The primary function of an ALU is to perform __________.
(A) Memory management
(B) Logical and arithmetic operations
(C) Instruction fetching
(D) Data storage

3. What does the ALU use to carry out arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction?
(A) Control signals
(B) Flip-flops
(C) Accumulators
(D) Adders and subtractors

4. In a computer, the ALU is part of the __________.
(A) Central Processing Unit (CPU)
(B) Memory Unit
(C) Input/Output System
(D) Secondary Storage

5. Which operation is not performed by the ALU?
(A) Addition
(B) Subtraction
(C) Program Counter update
(D) Bitwise AND

6. Which of the following logic operations is performed by an ALU?
(A) OR operation
(B) NAND operation
(C) NOR operation
(D) All of the above

7. The ALU design includes a collection of __________.
(A) Registers and memory
(B) Multiplexers and logic gates
(C) Control units
(D) Instruction decoders

8. Which of the following is a common input to an ALU?
(A) Program counter
(B) Status register
(C) Data and instruction
(D) Control signals

9. What does the ‘L’ in ALU stand for?
(A) Large
(B) Logic
(C) Loop
(D) Load

10. ALU outputs are directly connected to __________.
(A) Accumulators
(B) Registers
(C) Program Counter
(D) Control Unit

11. The control unit interacts with the ALU to perform __________.
(A) Memory read/write
(B) Arithmetic and logic operations
(C) I/O operations
(D) Interrupt handling

12. Which of the following arithmetic operations cannot be performed by a basic ALU?
(A) Addition
(B) Division
(C) Subtraction
(D) Multiplication

13. How does an ALU perform a subtraction operation?
(A) Using only an adder
(B) By inverting the bits and adding
(C) Using a subtractor
(D) Using a multiplier

14. ALU flags are used to indicate __________.
(A) Execution speed
(B) The result of an operation
(C) Instruction types
(D) Cache state

15. Which flag in the ALU indicates that an arithmetic operation has generated a carry?
(A) Zero flag
(B) Carry flag
(C) Overflow flag
(D) Sign flag

16. The Zero Flag in an ALU is set when __________.
(A) The result of an operation is non-zero
(B) The result of an operation is zero
(C) There is an overflow
(D) A carry is generated

17. The ALU works in conjunction with the __________ to execute instructions.
(A) Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)
(B) Memory Management Unit (MMU)
(C) Control Unit (CU)
(D) Input/Output Unit (I/O)

18. What is the role of multiplexers in an ALU?
(A) To select between different operations
(B) To store intermediate results
(C) To handle data input/output
(D) To control memory access

19. Which of the following is an example of a logical operation in an ALU?
(A) Addition
(B) Multiplication
(C) OR
(D) Division

20. The Overflow Flag in an ALU is used to detect __________.
(A) Zero result
(B) Signed overflow
(C) Unsigned carry
(D) Even result

21. The ALU’s shift operation is used to __________.
(A) Shift data left or right
(B) Add two numbers
(C) Multiply numbers
(D) Invert data bits

22. What is the primary role of the Accumulator in ALU operations?
(A) Store results temporarily
(B) Control instruction flow
(C) Address memory locations
(D) Decode instructions

23. Which part of the CPU fetches data for the ALU to process?
(A) Memory
(B) Control Unit
(C) Cache
(D) Registers

24. How is a multiplication operation typically performed in ALU design?
(A) By repeatedly adding
(B) Using a direct multiplier circuit
(C) By repeatedly subtracting
(D) Using division logic

25. Which component signals the ALU on what operation to perform?
(A) Status Register
(B) Control Unit
(C) Memory
(D) Instruction Pointer

26. Which operation would cause the Carry Flag in an ALU to be set?
(A) Subtraction without carry
(B) Addition causing overflow
(C) Logical AND
(D) Multiplication by zero

27. ALUs in modern processors can perform both integer and __________ arithmetic.
(A) Floating-point
(B) String-based
(C) Symbolic
(D) Character-based

28. In many ALU designs, which of the following operations can be performed using a left-shift operation?
(A) Subtraction
(B) Division by 2
(C) Multiplication by 2
(D) Addition of two numbers

29. Which of the following units is responsible for handling conditional branches based on ALU operations?
(A) Memory Unit
(B) Instruction Fetch Unit
(C) Control Unit
(D) ALU Flags

30. Which of the following statements is true about the relationship between the ALU and the CPU?
(A) The CPU controls the ALU
(B) The ALU stores the instructions for the CPU
(C) The ALU manages the I/O operations
(D) The ALU is independent of the CPU

31. Which of the following is a secondary function of the ALU?
(A) Instruction decoding
(B) Data comparison
(C) Memory allocation
(D) I/O processing

32. The Sign Flag in an ALU is set when __________.
(A) The result is negative
(B) The result is zero
(C) A carry is generated
(D) An overflow occurs

33. What component in the CPU typically provides operands for the ALU?
(A) Cache
(B) Register file
(C) Hard drive
(D) Control bus

34. Logical operations in an ALU generally involve __________.
(A) Addition and subtraction
(B) Multiplication and division
(C) Bitwise operations
(D) Floating-point arithmetic

35. Which of the following best describes an ALU in modern microprocessors?
(A) A separate processing chip
(B) A fixed-function hardware component
(C) A programmable unit
(D) A multi-core processing unit

36. The ALU in a CPU performs shifts and rotates for __________.
(A) Arithmetic only
(B) Logical only
(C) Both arithmetic and logical purposes
(D) Memory purposes

37. Which of the following best describes the function of a half-adder in an ALU?
(A) Performs logical XOR operations
(B) Adds two binary digits without considering carry-in
(C) Performs subtraction
(D) Multiplies two binary numbers

38. A carry-lookahead adder improves ALU performance by __________.
(A) Increasing the bit size
(B) Reducing propagation delay
(C) Storing intermediate values
(D) Reducing memory access time

39. What is the role of a Barrel Shifter in some ALUs?
(A) Multiplies two numbers quickly
(B) Divides numbers by powers of 2
(C) Shifts multiple bits simultaneously
(D) Manages memory addressing

40. In ALU design, a ripple carry adder is slower than a carry-lookahead adder because __________.
(A) It requires more power
(B) It propagates carry through each bit
(C) It has more gates
(D) It uses floating-point arithmetic

41. Which logic gate is essential in the design of an ALU’s adder circuit?
(A) AND gate
(B) OR gate
(C) XOR gate
(D) NOR gate

42. What is the purpose of using multiplexers in ALU design?
(A) To reduce circuit complexity
(B) To select between different operations
(C) To handle overflow detection
(D) To store results

43. Which type of arithmetic operations can be performed by the ALU without any additional components?
(A) Integer division
(B) Subtraction
(C) Floating-point multiplication
(D) Exponentiation

44. What is a combinational logic circuit used in the ALU for performing addition?
(A) Full Adder
(B) Latch
(C) Multiplexer
(D) Flip-flop