Which of the following is the first neural network computer?
Question: Which of the following is the first neural network computer?
A RFD
B SNARC
C AM
D AN
Answer: SNARC
| Neural Network Computer | First Neural Network | Built-in Date | Description |
| SNARC (Stochastic Neural Analog Reinforcement Calculator) | SNARC (1950s) | 1950s | · SNARC was an early neural network-based machine developed by Marvin Minsky and Dean Edmonds.
· It was designed for reinforcement learning tasks. |
| ANNA (Artificial Neuron Network Analyzer) | ANNA-1 (1956) | 1956 | · ANNA-1, developed by Bernard Widrow and Marcian Hoff at Stanford University.
· It was used for adaptive linear prediction and pattern recognition. |
| Mark I Perceptron | Perceptron (1957) | 1957 | · Developed by Frank Rosenblatt at Cornell Aeronautical Laboratory, the Mark I Perceptron was one of the first neural network computers designed to recognize visual patterns.
· It was a single-layer perceptron. |
| Neurocomputer | Lighthill’s Artificial Neuron (1965) | 1965 | · Built by Sir James Lighthill’s team at the University of Edinburgh.
· This early neurocomputer used analog circuits to simulate artificial neurons. |
| PDP-1 | PERCEPTRON (1960s) | 1960s | · The Digital Equipment Corporation’s PDP-1, although a general-purpose computer.
· It was used to experiment with and implement early neural network models, including the PERCEPTRON. |
| ADALINE (Adaptive Linear Neuron) | ADALINE (1960) | 1960 | · Developed by Bernard Widrow and Ted Hoff.
· ADALINE was an early example of a single-layer neural network designed for linear prediction tasks. |
| ALVINN (Autonomous Land Vehicle In a Neural Network) | ALVINN (1989) | 1989 | · It was developed by Dean Pomerleau at Carnegie Mellon University.
· ALVINN was a neural network-based system used to control an autonomous vehicle’s steering. |
| IBM Watson | DeepQA (2010) | 2010 | · While not exclusively a neural network computer, IBM Watson is a notable example of a supercomputer that utilizes neural networks and other machine learning techniques for natural language processing and other tasks. |
| RFD (Real-Time Forward Drop) | RFD (1980s) | 1980s | · RFD is a neural network computer designed for real-time applications, including control systems. |
| AM (Adaptive Modeler) | AM (1970s) | 1970s | · AM was a neural network-based system developed by John Hopfield and David Tank.
· It was used for associative memory and pattern recognition tasks. |
| AN (Adaptive Neuron) | AN (1950s) | 1950s | · AN was an early artificial neuron used in neural network research during the 1950s. |