Which of the following is NOT a primary focus of metallurgy and materials engineering?
A) Designing new materials
B) Extracting metals from ores
C) Studying biological organisms
D) Investigating material properties
Answer: C) Studying biological organisms
What is the primary process involved in extracting iron from its ore?
A) Smelting
B) Roasting
C) Calcination
D) Electrolysis
Answer: A) Smelting
Which of the following is a common method for forming metal parts with high precision?
A) Casting
B) Forging
C) Welding
D) Extrusion
Answer: B) Forging
What does the term “alloying” refer to in metallurgy?
A) Adding impurities to metals
B) Mixing metals to form alloys
C) Removing impurities from metals
D) Heating metals to high temperatures
Answer: B) Mixing metals to form alloys
Which of the following is a common method for heat treatment of metals to improve their properties?
A) Quenching
B) Annealing
C) Brazing
D) Sintering
Answer: A) Quenching
What is the term for the process of converting ores into metals using heat?
A) Fermentation
B) Sintering
C) Smelting
D) Polymerization
Answer: C) Smelting
Which of the following is a common method for testing material hardness?
A) Tensile testing
B) Impact testing
C) Brinell hardness test
D) Charpy test
Answer: C) Brinell hardness test
What does the term “ductility” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Ability to resist deformation
B) Ability to withstand high temperatures
C) Ability to be stretched without breaking
D) Ability to conduct electricity
Answer: C) Ability to be stretched without breaking
Which of the following is a common method for preventing corrosion of metals?
A) Galvanization
B) Oxidation
C) Electroplating
D) Vulcanization
Answer: A) Galvanization
What is the term for the process of shaping metals by hammering or pressing?
A) Extrusion
B) Forging
C) Casting
D) Machining
Answer: B) Forging
Which of the following is a common method for joining metals together?
A) Polishing
B) Soldering
C) Etching
D) Coating
Answer: B) Soldering
What does the term “creep” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Rapid cooling of metals
B) Gradual deformation under stress
C) Abrasive wear on surfaces
D) Fracture toughness
Answer: B) Gradual deformation under stress
Which of the following is a common method for improving the surface hardness of metals?
A) Annealing
B) Quenching
C) Tempering
D) Carburizing
Answer: D) Carburizing
What is the term for the process of converting metals into thin sheets or foils?
A) Extrusion
B) Forging
C) Rolling
D) Machining
Answer: C) Rolling
Which of the following is a common method for non-destructive testing of materials?
A) Tensile testing
B) Hardness testing
C) Ultrasonic testing
D) Impact testing
Answer: C) Ultrasonic testing
What does the term “strain hardening” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Decrease in material strength
B) Increase in material ductility
C) Increase in material hardness
D) Decrease in material density
Answer: C) Increase in material hardness
Which of the following is a common method for shaping ceramics and glass?
A) Casting
B) Sintering
C) Extrusion
D) Compression molding
Answer: D) Compression molding
What is the term for the process of removing surface defects from metals?
A) Tempering
B) Polishing
C) Galvanizing
D) Case hardening
Answer: B) Polishing
Which of the following is a common method for coating metals with a protective layer?
A) Quenching
B) Anodizing
C) Sintering
D) Annealing
Answer: B) Anodizing
What does the term “corrosion” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Wear caused by friction
B) Reaction with oxygen
C) Surface hardening
D) Deterioration of materials
Answer: D) Deterioration of materials
Which of the following is a common method for shaping plastics?
A) Extrusion
B) Forging
C) Casting
D) Welding
Answer: A) Extrusion
What is the term for the ability of a material to return to its original shape after deformation?
A) Ductility
B) Resilience
C) Creep
D) Elasticity
Answer: D) Elasticity
Which of the following is a common method for improving the toughness of metals?
A) Quenching
B) Tempering
C) Carburizing
D) Annealing
Answer: B) Tempering
What does the term “annealing” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Heating and then cooling metals to improve their hardness
B) Heating metals to high temperatures to remove impurities
C) Heating metals to relieve internal stresses and improve ductility
D) Heating metals with oxygen to form an oxide layer
Answer: C) Heating metals to relieve internal stresses and improve ductility
Which of the following is a common method for joining plastics together?
A) Soldering
B) Welding
C) Brazing
D) Riveting
Answer: B) Welding
What does the term “malleability” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Ability to conduct electricity
B) Ability to resist deformation
C) Ability to be hammered or pressed into shape
D) Ability to be stretched without breaking
Answer: C) Ability to be hammered or pressed into shape
Which of the following is a common method for testing material toughness?
A) Tensile testing
B) Hardness testing
C) Impact testing
D) Creep testing
Answer: C) Impact testing
What does the term “fatigue” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Gradual deformation under stress
B) Sudden fracture under impact
C) Repeated stress leading to failure
D) Wear caused by friction
Answer: C) Repeated stress leading to failure
Which of the following is a common method for shaping ceramics?
A) Casting
B) Forging
C) Sintering
D) Extrusion
Answer: C) Sintering
What is the term for the ability of a material to withstand repeated loading without failure?
A) Toughness
B) Fatigue strength
C) Ductility
D) Resilience
Answer: B) Fatigue strength
Which of the following is a common method for improving the corrosion resistance of metals?
A) Galvanizing
B) Annealing
C) Carburizing
D) Hardening
Answer: A) GalvanizingWhich of the following is a common method for analyzing the crystal structure of materials?
A) X-ray diffraction
B) Ultrasonic testing
C) Impact testing
D) Tensile testing
Answer: A) X-ray diffraction
What does the term “ductile-to-brittle transition temperature” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Temperature at which a material becomes more ductile
B) Temperature at which a material becomes more brittle
C) Temperature at which a material undergoes phase change
D) Temperature at which a material exhibits maximum toughness
Answer: B) Temperature at which a material becomes more brittle
Which of the following is a common method for improving the wear resistance of materials?
A) Quenching
B) Tempering
C) Case hardening
D) Annealing
Answer: C) Case hardening
What does the term “yield strength” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Strength at which a material begins to deform plastically
B) Strength at which a material fractures under tension
C) Strength at which a material resists compression
D) Strength at which a material conducts electricity
Answer: A) Strength at which a material begins to deform plastically
Which of the following is a common method for improving the electrical conductivity of materials?
A) Anodizing
B) Electroplating
C) Galvanizing
D) Quenching
Answer: B) Electroplating
What does the term “microstructure” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Large-scale structure of a material
B) Atomic structure of a material
C) Crystal structure of a material
D) Internal structure of a material at a microscopic level
Answer: D) Internal structure of a material at a microscopic level
Which of the following is a common method for measuring material hardness using an indenter?
A) Rockwell hardness test
B) Brinell hardness test
C) Vickers hardness test
D) Shore hardness test
Answer: C) Vickers hardness test
What does the term “strain” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Change in shape of a material due to stress
B) Ability of a material to withstand deformation
C) Ability of a material to return to its original shape
D) Resistance of a material to fracture
Answer: A) Change in shape of a material due to stress
Which of the following is a common method for measuring material toughness under impact?
A) Tensile testing
B) Hardness testing
C) Charpy impact test
D) Creep testing
Answer: C) Charpy impact test
What does the term “thermal conductivity” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Ability of a material to conduct electricity
B) Ability of a material to conduct heat
C) Ability of a material to resist deformation
D) Ability of a material to absorb moisture
Answer: B) Ability of a material to conduct heat
Which of the following is a common method for improving the machinability of materials?
A) Annealing
B) Carburizing
C) Tempering
D) Stress relieving
Answer: B) Carburizing
What does the term “elastic modulus” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Ability of a material to resist deformation
B) Ability of a material to return to its original shape
C) Ability of a material to absorb energy
D) Ability of a material to conduct electricity
Answer: A) Ability of a material to resist deformation
Which of the following is a common method for measuring material toughness under tension?
A) Hardness testing
B) Creep testing
C) Tensile testing
D) Charpy impact test
Answer: C) Tensile testing
What does the term “fracture toughness” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Ability of a material to resist wear
B) Ability of a material to resist deformation
C) Ability of a material to withstand impact without fracture
D) Ability of a material to conduct electricity
Answer: C) Ability of a material to withstand impact without fracture
Which of the following is a common method for measuring material hardness using a ball indenter?
A) Brinell hardness test
B) Vickers hardness test
C) Rockwell hardness test
D) Shore hardness test
Answer: A) Brinell hardness test
What does the term “thermal expansion” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Change in volume of a material with temperature
B) Change in shape of a material with temperature
C) Change in hardness of a material with temperature
D) Change in electrical conductivity of a material with temperature
Answer: A) Change in volume of a material with temperature
Which of the following is a common method for measuring material hardness using a conical indenter?
A) Rockwell hardness test
B) Brinell hardness test
C) Vickers hardness test
D) Shore hardness test
Answer: A) Rockwell hardness test
What does the term “toughness” refer to in materials engineering?
A) Ability of a material to resist wear
B) Ability of a material to resist deformation
C) Ability of a material to absorb energy before fracture
D) Ability of a material to conduct electricity
Answer: C) Ability of a material to absorb energy before fracture