MEDICAL OFFICER/ ASSISTANT DIRECTOR/ DEPUTY DISTRICT POPULATION WELFARE OFFICER PPSC Past Paper [Pakistan]

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: August 16, 2024

1. What is the primary function of the liver? A) Blood filtration B) Hormone production C) Digestion of fats D) Oxygen transport Answer: A) Blood filtration 2. What is the normal range of adult blood pressure? A) 90/60 mmHg B) 120/80 mmHg C) 130/90 mmHg D) 140/100 mmHg Answer: B) 120/80 mmHg 3. What does “tachycardia” refer to? A) Slow heart rate B) Rapid heart rate C) Low blood pressure D) High blood pressure Answer: B) Rapid heart rate 4. Which organ is responsible for the production of insulin? A) Liver B) Pancreas C) Kidney D) Heart Answer: B) Pancreas 5. What is the main component of red blood cells? A) Hemoglobin B) Collagen C) Myelin D) Keratin Answer: A) Hemoglobin 6. Which part of the brain controls breathing? A) Cerebellum B) Cerebrum C) Medulla oblongata D) Thalamus Answer: C) Medulla oblongata 7. What is the term for a low white blood cell count? A) Leukopenia B) Leukocytosis C) Anemia D) Thrombocytopenia Answer: A) Leukopenia 8. What is the most common type of stroke? A) Hemorrhagic stroke B) Ischemic stroke C) Transient ischemic attack D) Subarachnoid hemorrhage Answer: B) Ischemic stroke 9. Which structure in the eye is responsible for focusing light onto the retina? A) Iris B) Lens C) Cornea D) Retina Answer: B) Lens 10. What is the primary function of the kidneys? A) Filtering blood and producing urine B) Producing hormones C) Digesting proteins D) Regulating heart rate Answer: A) Filtering blood and producing urine 11. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting? A) Vitamin A B) Vitamin B12 C) Vitamin C D) Vitamin K Answer: D) Vitamin K 12. What is the common term for the condition “myocardial infarction”? A) Stroke B) Heart attack C) Lung infection D) Kidney failure Answer: B) Heart attack 13. What type of immunity is acquired through vaccination? A) Passive immunity B) Natural immunity C) Active immunity D) Autoimmune response Answer: C) Active immunity 14. What is the medical term for high blood sugar levels? A) Hypoglycemia B) Hyperglycemia C) Hyperlipidemia D) Hypertension Answer: B) Hyperglycemia 15. What is the name of the process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells? A) Meiosis B) Mitosis C) Cytokinesis D) Apoptosis Answer: B) Mitosis 16. What is the term for the surgical removal of the appendix? A) Cholecystectomy B) Appendectomy C) Hysterectomy D) Nephrectomy Answer: B) Appendectomy 17. What is the primary cause of tuberculosis? A) Virus B) Bacteria C) Fungus D) Parasite Answer: B) Bacteria 18. Which part of the digestive system is primarily responsible for nutrient absorption? A) Stomach B) Large intestine C) Small intestine D) Esophagus Answer: C) Small intestine 19. What is the common name for the condition “rhinorrhea”? A) Ear infection B) Sinus infection C) Runny nose D) Sore throat Answer: C) Runny nose 20. What type of joint is the shoulder joint? A) Hinge B) Ball and socket C) Pivot D) Saddle Answer: B) Ball and socket 21. What does “BMI” stand for in medical terms? A) Body Mass Index B) Basic Metabolic Indicator C) Blood Metabolic Index D) Bone Mineral Index Answer: A) Body Mass Index 22. What is the medical term for a heart condition characterized by an abnormal rhythm? A) Bradycardia B) Tachycardia C) Arrhythmia D) Atrial fibrillation Answer: C) Arrhythmia 23. What is the purpose of an electrocardiogram (ECG)? A) To measure blood pressure B) To monitor heart activity C) To assess lung function D) To detect blood glucose levels Answer: B) To monitor heart activity 24. Which of the following is a common symptom of asthma? A) Chest pain B) Shortness of breath C) Fever D) Abdominal pain Answer: B) Shortness of breath 25. What does the term “aseptic” mean? A) Containing bacteria B) Free from infection C) Infected D) Antiseptic Answer: B) Free from infection 26. What is the term for a cancerous tumor that invades surrounding tissues? A) Benign B) Malignant C) Metastatic D) Carcinogenic Answer: B) Malignant 27. What is the role of platelets in the blood? A) Carry oxygen B) Fight infections C) Aid in blood clotting D) Regulate blood sugar Answer: C) Aid in blood clotting 28. What is the common term for “otitis media”? A) Ear infection B) Eye infection C) Throat infection D) Sinus infection Answer: A) Ear infection 29. What does “CBC” stand for in medical testing? A) Complete Blood Count B) Comprehensive Biochemical Check C) Central Blood Count D) Cell Blood Calculation Answer: A) Complete Blood Count 30. What is the medical term for the loss of memory? A) Amnesia B) Aphasia C) Dyslexia D) Syncope Answer: A) Amnesia 31. What is the primary treatment for bacterial infections? A) Antivirals B) Antibiotics C) Antifungals D) Steroids Answer: B) Antibiotics 32. What does the term “hypotension” refer to? A) High blood pressure B) Low blood pressure C) Normal blood pressure D) Fluctuating blood pressure Answer: B) Low blood pressure 33. What is the function of the adrenal glands? A) Produce insulin B) Regulate metabolism C) Produce stress hormones D) Filter blood Answer: C) Produce stress hormones 34. Which organ is affected by hepatitis? A) Heart B) Lungs C) Liver D) Kidneys Answer: C) Liver 35. What is the medical term for the inflammation of the appendix? A) Appendicitis B) Gastritis C) Pancreatitis D) Cholecystitis Answer: A) Appendicitis 36. What does “BMR” stand for in metabolic studies? A) Body Mass Ratio B) Basal Metabolic Rate C) Blood Metabolic Ratio D) Basic Metabolic Rate Answer: B) Basal Metabolic Rate 37. What is the term for an abnormal increase in white blood cells? A) Leukopenia B) Leukocytosis C) Anemia D) Hemophilia Answer: B) Leukocytosis 38. What does “PRN” stand for in medical prescriptions? A) As needed B) Once daily C) Twice daily D) Every hour Answer: A) As needed 39. What is the purpose of a spirometry test? A) To measure lung function B) To assess kidney function C) To check heart activity D) To evaluate blood pressure Answer: A) To measure lung function 40. What is “gastroenteritis”? A) Inflammation of the stomach and intestines B) Infection of the lungs C) Inflammation of the liver D) Inflammation of the heart Answer: A) Inflammation of the stomach and intestines 41. What is the medical term for a condition involving difficulty in swallowing? A) Dysphagia B) Dyslexia C) Dyspnea D) Dysuria Answer: A) Dysphagia 42. What is the common name for “epistaxis”? A) Ear infection B) Nosebleed C) Headache D) Throat infection Answer: B) Nosebleed 43. What is the role of hemoglobin in the blood? A) Transport nutrients B) Fight infections C) Carry oxygen D) Aid in digestion Answer: C) Carry oxygen 44. What does the term “edema” refer to? A) Swelling B) Bleeding C) Inflammation D) Pain Answer: A) Swelling 45. What is the primary function of the respiratory system? A) Circulate blood B) Digest food C) Exchange gases D) Regulate hormones Answer: C) Exchange gases 46. What is the term for the surgical removal of the gallbladder? A) Cholecystectomy B) Appendectomy C) Hysterectomy D) Nephrectomy Answer: A) Cholecystectomy 47. What is the primary function of the small intestine? A) Absorb nutrients B) Produce bile C) Store waste D) Regulate blood pressure Answer: A) Absorb nutrients 48. What does “NSAID” stand for in medication? A) Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug B) Non-Specific Anti-Inflammatory Drug C) Natural Steroid Anti-Inflammatory Drug D) New Systemic Anti-Inflammatory Drug Answer: A) Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug 49. What is the common term for “hyperlipidemia”? A) High blood sugar B) High cholesterol C) Low blood pressure D) Low blood oxygen Answer: B) High cholesterol 50. What is the role of the thymus gland in the immune system? A) Produce antibodies B) Mature T-cells C) Filter blood D) Produce red blood cells Answer: B) Mature T-cells 51. What does “CABG” stand for in cardiology? A) Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting B) Cardiac Artery Blood Group C) Cardiovascular Analysis Blood Gas D) Coronary Aneurysm Bypass Grafting Answer: A) Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting 52. What is the term for the loss of bone density? A) Osteoporosis B) Osteomyelitis C) Osteoarthritis D) Osteosarcoma Answer: A) Osteoporosis 53. What is the medical term for inflammation of the joints? A) Osteoporosis B) Arthritis C) Bursitis D) Tendinitis Answer: B) Arthritis 54. What is the purpose of a biopsy? A) To diagnose disease by examining tissue B) To measure blood glucose levels C) To assess lung function D) To evaluate heart activity Answer: A) To diagnose disease by examining tissue 55. What is the common name for “rhinitis”? A) Sore throat B) Ear infection C) Nasal inflammation D) Eye infection Answer: C) Nasal inflammation 56. What is the main function of the spleen? A) Produce bile B) Filter blood C) Store glucose D) Regulate metabolism Answer: B) Filter blood 57. What does “BUN” stand for in kidney function tests? A) Blood Urea Nitrogen B) Blood Uric Neoplasm C) Basic Urea Nutrition D) Biochemical Urine Normalization Answer: A) Blood Urea Nitrogen 58. What is the medical term for difficulty breathing? A) Dyspnea B) Dysphagia C) Dysuria D) Dyslexia Answer: A) Dyspnea 59. What is the term for the surgical repair of a hernia? A) Herniorrhaphy B) Appendectomy C) Cholecystectomy D) Hysterectomy Answer: A) Herniorrhaphy 60. What does “GFR” stand for in kidney function testing? A) Glomerular Filtration Rate B) General Fluid Retention C) Glucose Filtration Rate D) Gallbladder Function Rate Answer: A) Glomerular Filtration Rate 61. What is the term for a heart rhythm that is irregular and rapid? A) Atrial fibrillation B) Bradycardia C) Tachycardia D) Arrhythmia Answer: A) Atrial fibrillation 62. What is the medical term for an infection of the urinary bladder? A) Cystitis B) Pyelonephritis C) Urethritis D) Nephritis Answer: A) Cystitis 63. What is the function of the myelin sheath? A) Protect neurons B) Regulate blood pressure C) Produce insulin D) Absorb nutrients Answer: A) Protect neurons 64. What is the term for a persistent cough that lasts longer than eight weeks? A) Acute bronchitis B) Chronic bronchitis C) Asthma D) Pneumonia Answer: B) Chronic bronchitis 65. What does “TIA” stand for in neurology? A) Transient Ischemic Attack B) Temporary Internal Acidosis C) Total Immune Activity D) Tumor Infiltration Assessment Answer: A) Transient Ischemic Attack 66. What is the common name for “dermatitis”? A) Skin rash B) Ear infection C) Eye infection D) Throat infection Answer: A) Skin rash 67. What is the medical term for a condition characterized by high levels of uric acid in the blood? A) Gout B) Osteoarthritis C) Rheumatoid arthritis D) Osteoporosis Answer: A) Gout 68. What does “PFT” stand for in pulmonary medicine? A) Pulmonary Function Test B) Partial Fluid Test C) Peripheral Function Test D) Primary Fungal Test Answer: A) Pulmonary Function Test 69. What is the primary role of the endocrine system? A) Regulate hormones B) Digest food C) Filter blood D) Transport oxygen Answer: A) Regulate hormones 70. What is the term for an abnormal increase in blood glucose levels? A) Hypoglycemia B) Hyperglycemia C) Hyperlipidemia D) Hypoglycemia Answer: B) Hyperglycemia 71. What does “CT scan” stand for in medical imaging? A) Computed Tomography Scan B) Central Tomography Scan C) Cardiovascular Tomography Scan D) Comprehensive Tissue Scan Answer: A) Computed Tomography Scan 72. What is the common term for “lumbago”? A) Lower back pain B) Headache C) Chest pain D) Neck pain Answer: A) Lower back pain 73. What is the primary use of an MRI in medicine? A) To evaluate soft tissue and organs B) To measure bone density C) To assess blood flow D) To test lung capacity Answer: A) To evaluate soft tissue and organs 74. What is the medical term for inflammation of the lining of the heart? A) Pericarditis B) Myocarditis C) Endocarditis D) Cardiomyopathy Answer: A) Pericarditis 75. What does “COPD” stand for in respiratory medicine? A) Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease B) Central Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder C) Chronic Organic Pulmonary Disorder D) Cardiac Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Answer: A) Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 76. What is the common name for “pyrexia”? A) Fever B) Headache C) Pain D) Nausea Answer: A) Fever 77. What is the term for a condition where the body’s immune system attacks its own tissues? A) Autoimmune disease B) Infectious disease C) Metabolic disorder D) Genetic disorder Answer: A) Autoimmune disease 78. What is the name of the test used to diagnose sleep apnea? A) Polysomnography B) Electrocardiogram C) Spirometry D) Endoscopy Answer: A) Polysomnography 79. What does “ECG” stand for in cardiac testing? A) Electrocardiogram B) Echocardiogram C) Electromyogram D) Electroencephalogram Answer: A) Electrocardiogram 80. What is the common term for “celiac disease”? A) Gluten intolerance B) Lactose intolerance C) Peptic ulcer D) Gallbladder disease Answer: A) Gluten intolerance 81. What is the capital of Australia? A) Sydney B) Melbourne C) Canberra D) Brisbane Answer: C) Canberra 82. Who is known for the theory of evolution? A) Isaac Newton B) Charles Darwin C) Albert Einstein D) Louis Pasteur Answer: B) Charles Darwin 83. What is the smallest prime number? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 5 Answer: B) 2 84. Which planet is known as the “Red Planet”? A) Venus B) Mars C) Jupiter D) Mercury Answer: B) Mars 85. What is the primary ingredient in guacamole? A) Tomato B) Avocado C) Onion D) Pepper Answer: B) Avocado 86. What is the term for a medical procedure to remove a gallbladder? A) Appendectomy B) Cholecystectomy C) Hysterectomy D) Nephrectomy Answer: B) Cholecystectomy 87. What is the main function of the circulatory system? A) Exchange gases B) Digestion of food C) Transport blood and nutrients D) Produce hormones Answer: C) Transport blood and nutrients 88. Who wrote the play “Hamlet”? A) William Shakespeare B) George Bernard Shaw C) Anton Chekhov D) Henrik Ibsen Answer: A) William Shakespeare 89. What is the longest river in Asia? A) Yangtze B) Mekong C) Ganges D) Indus Answer: A) Yangtze 90. What does “HTML” stand for? A) Hypertext Markup Language B) Hypertext Machine Language C) High-level Text Markup Language D) Hyperlink Text Markup Language Answer: A) Hypertext Markup Language 91. What is the largest organ in the human body? A) Liver B) Heart C) Skin D) Lung Answer: C) Skin 92. What is the chemical symbol for gold? A) Au B) Ag C) Fe D) Pb Answer: A) Au 93. What is the term for the study of the structure and function of cells? A) Microbiology B) Genetics C) Cytology D) Histology Answer: C) Cytology 94. What is the capital city of Spain? A) Barcelona B) Madrid C) Seville D) Valencia Answer: B) Madrid 95. What is the primary function of the respiratory system? A) Circulate blood B) Digest food C) Exchange gases D) Regulate hormones Answer: C) Exchange gases 96. What is the term for a severe and sudden increase in blood pressure? A) Hypertension B) Hypotension C) Tachycardia D) Bradycardia Answer: A) Hypertension 97. What is the term for the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells? A) Meiosis B) Mitosis C) Cytokinesis D) Fertilization Answer: B) Mitosis 98. What is the largest continent by land area? A) Africa B) North America C) Asia D) Europe Answer: C) Asia 99. Who discovered penicillin? A) Alexander Fleming B) Louis Pasteur C) Robert Koch D) Joseph Lister Answer: A) Alexander Fleming 100. What is the term for the study of earthquakes? A) Seismology B) Volcanology C) Meteorology D) Astronomy Answer: A) Seismology