Islamic History and the Arrival of Islam in the Region MCQs

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: May 31, 2025

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1. : Who was the first Caliph of Islam?





2. : The Battle of Badr, a significant event in Islamic history, took place in the __________ year of the Islamic calendar.





3. : The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) received the first revelation in the cave of Hira on the mountain of:





4. : The migration of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) from Mecca to Medina is known as:





5. : Which Caliph is known for compiling the Quran into a single book during his reign?





6. : The Battle of Uhud took place between the Muslims and the Quraysh in the __________ year of the Islamic calendar.





7. : The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) signed the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah with the Quraysh in the __________ year of the Islamic calendar.





8. : The Battle of Khaybar, where the Muslims faced the Jewish tribes, occurred in the __________ year of the Islamic calendar.





9. : Which Caliph established the first Islamic navy during his rule?





10. : The Battle of Siffin, a conflict between Caliph Ali and Muawiya, occurred in the __________ year of the Islamic calendar.





11. : The Umayyad Caliphate, the first hereditary dynasty of Islam, was established by:





12. : The Battle of Karbala, where Imam Hussain (RA) was martyred, took place in the __________ year of the Islamic calendar.





13. : The Abbasid Caliphate, known for its cultural and scientific achievements, overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate in the year:





14. : The city of Baghdad was established as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate during the reign of Caliph:





15. : The Battle of Talas in 751 CE resulted in the expansion of Islam into:





16. : The Seljuk Turks played a crucial role in the revival of Islamic power during their victory at the Battle of:





17. : The Mongol invasion led by Genghis Khan resulted in the sack of Baghdad in the year:





18. : The Ottoman Empire, founded by Osman I, emerged as a major Islamic power after the conquest of:





19. : The Safavid Empire, known for promoting Shia Islam, was established in the early 16th century in:





20. : The Mughal Empire, which ruled over the Indian subcontinent, was founded by:





21. : The Sufi mystic and poet who is widely revered in the Indian subcontinent is:





22. : The Islamic scholar known for his philosophical works, including “The Incoherence of the Philosophers,” is:





23. : The Ottoman ruler who codified Islamic law into a comprehensive legal system known as the “Ottoman legal code” was:





24. : The Battle of Lepanto in 1571 marked a significant naval victory for the Ottoman Empire against the:





25. : The Islamic Golden Age, characterized by advancements in science, medicine, and philosophy, occurred during the:





26. : The famous Islamic scholar Al-Kindi is often referred to as the “Philosopher of the Arabs” and lived during the:





27. : The Islamic architectural masterpiece, the Alhambra, is located in the city of:





28. : The Ottoman Empire reached its height under the rule of:





29. : The founder of the Mughal Empire, Babur, was a descendant of:





30. : The Taj Mahal, a renowned symbol of Mughal architecture, was commissioned by Emperor:





31. : The Islamic legal scholar and theologian who founded the Hanbali school of thought is:





32. : The Ottoman military force known as the elite infantry of the Ottoman Empire is called the:





33. : The Battle of Plassey in 1757 marked a turning point in South Asian history and led to British dominance over the:





34. : The Islamic scholar who authored the famous theological work “The Incoherence of the Philosophers” is:





35. : The founder of the Safavid Empire, Shah Ismail I, established Twelver Shia Islam as the state religion in:





36. : The Ottoman ruler responsible for the construction of the Blue Mosque in Istanbul is:





37. : The Battle of Hattin in 1187 resulted in the capture of Jerusalem by the Muslim forces led by:





38. : The Islamic scholar known for his work on medicine, “The Canon of Medicine,” is:





39. : The Ottoman Empire participated in the Siege of Vienna in:





40. : The famous Islamic traveler and explorer, Ibn Battuta, hailed from the city of:





41. : The Battle of Ain Jalut in 1260 CE saw the defeat of the Mongol forces by the Mamluks, marking a rare victory against the:





42. : The Ottoman ruler known for his military campaigns and conquests, earning him the title “the Conqueror,” is:





43. : The Battle of Talas in 751 CE resulted in the Arab Muslims defeating the forces of the:





44. : The Fatimid Caliphate, known for its cultural and architectural achievements, was centered in the city of:





45. : The Islamic scholar and polymath who made significant contributions to various fields, including optics and astronomy, is:





46. : The Battle of Yarmouk in 636 CE resulted in the Muslim conquest of:





47. : The Abbasid Caliph who founded the city of Baghdad as the capital of the caliphate was:





48. : The Islamic scholar and mathematician who introduced Indian numerals to the Islamic world is:





49. : The Islamic scholar known for his contributions to Islamic jurisprudence and authorship of “Al-Muwatta” is:





50. : The Battle of Mu’tah in 629 CE was fought between the Muslims and the forces of the:





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