Hydro Power Plants — MCQs – EE

1. The source of energy in a hydro power plant is
(A) Sunlight
(B) Wind
(C) Flowing or falling water
(D) Steam

2. The hydro power plant converts
(A) Heat energy into electrical energy
(B) Chemical energy into electrical energy
(C) Potential energy into electrical energy
(D) Solar energy into electrical energy

3. The prime mover used in hydro power plants is a
(A) Steam turbine
(B) Gas turbine
(C) Water turbine
(D) Diesel engine

4. The efficiency of a modern hydro power plant is around
(A) 25%
(B) 50%
(C) 75%
(D) 85–90%

5. The water head available at the turbine is the difference between
(A) Tail race and penstock levels
(B) Reservoir and tail race levels
(C) Dam and surge tank levels
(D) Reservoir and penstock levels

6. The potential energy of water is converted into kinetic energy in the
(A) Dam
(B) Penstock
(C) Turbine
(D) Tail race

7. The Pelton wheel turbine is used for
(A) Low head, high discharge
(B) Medium head, medium discharge
(C) High head, low discharge
(D) High head, high discharge

8. The Francis turbine is suitable for
(A) Low head, high discharge
(B) Medium head, medium discharge
(C) High head, low discharge
(D) All types of heads

9. The Kaplan turbine is a type of
(A) Reaction turbine
(B) Impulse turbine
(C) Mixed flow turbine
(D) Tangential flow turbine

10. The Kaplan turbine is used for
(A) Low head, high discharge
(B) Medium head, medium discharge
(C) High head, low discharge
(D) High head, high discharge

11. The draft tube in a reaction turbine is used to
(A) Increase the velocity of water
(B) Reduce pressure losses
(C) Recover the kinetic energy of water
(D) Increase the head of water

12. The surge tank in a hydro power plant is provided to
(A) Store excess water
(B) Absorb pressure fluctuations in penstock
(C) Increase turbine speed
(D) Control generator output

13. The function of the penstock is to
(A) Carry water from the dam to the turbine
(B) Carry water from turbine to tail race
(C) Store water
(D) Control turbine speed

14. A spillway in a dam is used to
(A) Control sedimentation
(B) Release excess water safely
(C) Increase head of water
(D) Generate electricity directly

15. The main component that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is
(A) Turbine
(B) Generator
(C) Transformer
(D) Alternator

16. The water after passing through the turbine is discharged to the
(A) Reservoir
(B) Dam
(C) Tail race
(D) Surge tank

17. The main advantage of hydro power plants is
(A) High fuel cost
(B) Quick starting and stopping
(C) Pollution
(D) Long construction time

18. The capital cost of a hydro power plant is
(A) Low
(B) High
(C) Moderate
(D) Very low

19. The operating cost of a hydro power plant is
(A) High
(B) Moderate
(C) Low
(D) Very high

20. The life of a hydro power plant is approximately
(A) 10–15 years
(B) 20–30 years
(C) 40–50 years
(D) 60–100 years

21. The power developed by a hydro turbine depends on
(A) Head only
(B) Discharge only
(C) Both head and discharge
(D) None of these

22. The ratio of useful head to gross head is called
(A) Hydraulic efficiency
(B) Mechanical efficiency
(C) Volumetric efficiency
(D) Overall efficiency

23. The specific speed of a turbine is the speed at which
(A) A turbine gives unit power under unit head
(B) A turbine gives maximum efficiency
(C) A turbine gives zero power
(D) None of these

24. The efficiency of a Pelton wheel is maximum when
(A) The jet velocity equals the bucket velocity
(B) The bucket velocity is half the jet velocity
(C) The bucket velocity is double the jet velocity
(D) None of these

25. The main disadvantage of a hydro power plant is
(A) Pollution
(B) High operating cost
(C) Dependent on rainfall
(D) High fuel cost

26. Run-of-river hydro plants have
(A) Large storage capacity
(B) No or very little storage capacity
(C) Moderate storage capacity
(D) Underground reservoirs

27. The load factor of a hydro power plant is generally
(A) 0.2–0.4
(B) 0.4–0.6
(C) 0.6–0.8
(D) 0.8–1.0

28. The type of turbine used depends on
(A) Head and discharge available
(B) Type of dam
(C) Type of generator
(D) Type of alternator

29. A pumped storage hydro plant is used for
(A) Base load generation
(B) Peak load generation
(C) Standby operation
(D) Constant load operation

30. The major environmental concern with hydro power projects is
(A) Air pollution
(B) Soil erosion and displacement of people
(C) Noise pollution
(D) Greenhouse gas emission