By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: July 27, 2024
Which of the following is considered an emerging infectious disease?
a) Tuberculosis
b) Malaria
c) Ebola virus disease
d) MeaslesAnswer: c) Ebola virus disease
What is a primary factor contributing to the re-emergence of infectious diseases like tuberculosis and measles?
a) Improved vaccination rates
b) Increased global travel
c) Enhanced public health infrastructure
d) Effective antibioticsAnswer: b) Increased global travel
Which of the following viruses is known for causing severe respiratory illness and emerged as a global health threat in 2003?
a) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
b) Hantavirus
c) Ebola virus
d) West Nile virusAnswer: a) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
Which zoonotic disease, transmitted by ticks, has recently increased in incidence and is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi?
a) Lyme disease
b) Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
c) Rift Valley fever
d) LeptospirosisAnswer: a) Lyme disease
Which factor is NOT typically associated with the emergence of infectious diseases?
a) Climate change
b) Urbanization and deforestation
c) Antimicrobial resistance
d) Consistent vaccination programsAnswer: d) Consistent vaccination programs
Which disease, once eradicated, has seen re-emergence in recent years due to vaccine coverage gaps?
a) Smallpox
b) Polio
c) Cholera
d) TuberculosisAnswer: b) Polio
What is the primary mode of transmission for the Zika virus, an emerging infectious disease?
a) Airborne droplets
b) Contaminated food and water
c) Mosquito bites
d) Direct contact with bodily fluidsAnswer: c) Mosquito bites
Which disease is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae and has seen a resurgence in some regions despite being largely controlled in the past?
a) Leprosy
b) Syphilis
c) Tuberculosis
d) PlagueAnswer: a) Leprosy
Which of the following is a key strategy for preventing the spread of emerging infectious diseases?
a) Ignoring travel restrictions
b) Enhanced global surveillance and early detection
c) Reducing research on vaccines
d) Restricting international tradeAnswer: b) Enhanced global surveillance and early detection
Which viral disease, transmitted through contaminated food and water, has been associated with large outbreaks in developing countries and has seen re-emergence in recent years?
a) Hepatitis A
b) Influenza
c) HIV/AIDS
d) NorovirusAnswer: a) Hepatitis A
What is a significant challenge in controlling emerging infectious diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria?
a) Lack of public awareness
b) Limited effectiveness of current antibiotics
c) Excessive use of vaccines
d) High cost of public health measuresAnswer: b) Limited effectiveness of current antibiotics
Which respiratory virus was identified in late 2019 and led to a global pandemic?
a) SARS-CoV-2
b) MERS-CoV
c) Influenza A
d) RSVAnswer: a) SARS-CoV-2
Which condition is primarily linked to the re-emergence of vector-borne diseases like dengue fever and chikungunya?
a) Improved vector control programs
b) Urbanization and climate change
c) Decreased travel to endemic areas
d) Increased vaccination ratesAnswer: b) Urbanization and climate change
Which fungal infection, often associated with immunocompromised individuals, has recently gained attention due to increased incidence in healthcare settings?
a) Candidiasis
b) Aspergillosis
c) Histoplasmosis
d) CryptococcosisAnswer: a) Candidiasis
What is a common method to control the spread of re-emerging infectious diseases in the community?
a) Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics
b) Public education on preventive measures
c) Restricting healthcare access
d) Limiting travel to affected areasAnswer: b) Public education on preventive measures
