Difference between hemoglobin and myoglobin

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: February 3, 2024

Let me share with you a difference between hemoglobin and myoglobin.

Aspect Hemoglobin Myoglobin
Introduction A type of protein found in red blood cells which are known as erythrocytes. A type of protein presents in muscles fibers.
Function Hemoglobin transports oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs. Myoglobin stores and releases oxygen within muscle cells.
Oxygen binding sites Four heme groups, each with one iron atom One heme group, also with one iron atom
Oxygen affinity Cooperative binding, exhibits sigmoidal oxygen dissociation curve Higher affinity for oxygen, exhibits a hyperbolic oxygen dissociation curve
Affinity for CO2 Binds and transports carbon dioxide in the blood Less effective in binding and transporting carbon dioxide
Structure Tetrameric structure (composed of four subunits) Monomeric structure (single polypeptide chain)
Size Larger protein with molecular weight around 64 kDa Smaller protein with molecular weight around 17 kDa
Regulation by pH Undergoes Bohr effect, influenced by pH changes in blood Less affected by pH changes in muscle tissues
Storage of oxygen Does not store oxygen but facilitates its transport Serves as an oxygen reservoir within muscle cells
Color Gives red color to blood when oxygenated Contributes to the reddish-brown color of muscles
Releases oxygen Releases oxygen in tissues where oxygen levels are low Releases oxygen in muscles during periods of increased demand
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