Cardiovascular Surgery MCQs
- Which of the following is the most common indication for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)?
- A) Aortic stenosis
- B) Mitral valve prolapse
- C) Severe coronary artery disease
- D) Atrial fibrillation
Answer: C) Severe coronary artery disease
- In a patient undergoing aortic valve replacement, which of the following is a common postoperative complication?
- A) Hyperkalemia
- B) Gastrointestinal bleeding
- C) Acute renal failure
- D) Pneumothorax
Answer: C) Acute renal failure
- Which of the following arteries is commonly used as a graft in CABG procedures?
- A) Radial artery
- B) Femoral artery
- C) Subclavian artery
- D) Internal jugular artery
Answer: A) Radial artery
- What is the primary purpose of using a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) machine during heart surgery?
- A) To reduce the need for anticoagulants
- B) To maintain systemic circulation and oxygenate blood while the heart is stopped
- C) To provide nutritional support to the patient
- D) To directly repair heart valves
Answer: B) To maintain systemic circulation and oxygenate blood while the heart is stopped
- Which type of incision is most commonly used for access in mitral valve surgery?
- A) Median sternotomy
- B) Thoracotomy
- C) Subxyphoid incision
- D) Laparotomy
Answer: A) Median sternotomy
- What is a potential complication of endarterectomy procedures performed on the carotid artery?
- A) Myocardial infarction
- B) Stroke
- C) Deep vein thrombosis
- D) Pulmonary embolism
Answer: B) Stroke
- Which of the following medications is typically used to prevent clot formation after CABG surgery?
- A) Lisinopril
- B) Metoprolol
- C) Aspirin
- D) Omeprazole
Answer: C) Aspirin
- In the context of valve replacement surgery, what is the main advantage of using a mechanical valve over a bioprosthetic valve?
- A) Reduced risk of endocarditis
- B) Longer durability
- C) No need for anticoagulation therapy
- D) Better hemodynamic performance
Answer: B) Longer durability
- What is the primary risk factor for developing postoperative atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery?
- A) Older age
- B) Diabetes mellitus
- C) Hyperlipidemia
- D) Smoking
Answer: A) Older age
- In the management of a patient with aortic dissection, which surgical approach is often preferred if the dissection involves the ascending aorta?
- A) Endovascular repair
- B) Open surgical repair
- C) Medical management only
- D) Balloon angioplasty
Answer: B) Open surgical repair