Let me share with you a difference between small intestine and large intestine.
| Aspect | Small Intestine | Large Intestine |
| Length | Small intestine is longer in length, typically around 20 feet in humans | Large intestine is shorter in length, typically around 5 feet in humans |
| Diameter | Smaller in diameter | Larger in diameter |
| Segments | · Duodenum
· Jejunum · Ileum |
· Cecum
· Colon · Rectum |
| Function | Primary site for digestion and absorption of nutrients | Absorption of water and electrolytes, formation of feces |
| Structures | Small intestine contains villi and microvilli to increase surface area for absorption | Large intestine has numerous pouches called haustra |
| Absorption | Absorbs carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals | Absorbs water, electrolytes, and some vitamins |
| Enzymes | Receives pancreatic enzymes and bile for further digestion | Lacks digestive enzymes and relies on bacterial fermentation for certain processes |
| Motility | Exhibits peristaltic movements to move chyme through its length | Exhibits slow segmenting movements to facilitate water absorption and compaction of feces |
| Bacterial population | Fewer resident bacteria | Contains a significant population of resident bacteria |
| Water absorption | Absorbs water along with nutrients | Main site for the absorption of water |
| Transit time | Faster transit time for chyme through the small intestine | Slower transit time to allow for water absorption in the large intestine |
| Associated diseases | · Celiac disease
· Crohn’s disease |
· Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) Adiverticulitis |