Which of the following is a common symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
A) Sudden onset of high fever
B) Chronic cough with sputum production
C) Painless hematuria
D) Joint pain and rash
Answer: B) Chronic cough with sputum production
What is the primary diagnostic test used to confirm asthma?
A) Chest X-ray
B) Spirometry
C) Sputum culture
D) Arterial blood gas analysis
Answer: B) Spirometry
Which medication class is considered the first-line treatment for acute exacerbations of asthma?
A) Long-acting beta-agonists
B) Inhaled corticosteroids
C) Short-acting beta-agonists
D) Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Answer: C) Short-acting beta-agonists
In the management of a patient with suspected pulmonary embolism, which imaging study is most commonly performed?
A) Chest X-ray
B) MRI of the chest
C) Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan
D) CT pulmonary angiography
Answer: D) CT pulmonary angiography
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a high-resolution CT scan finding of honeycombing in the lungs?
A) Asthma
B) Pulmonary fibrosis
C) Chronic bronchitis
D) Pulmonary embolism
Answer: B) Pulmonary fibrosis
What is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in adults?
A) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae
C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D) Haemophilus influenzae
Answer: B) Streptococcus pneumoniae
Which of the following is a typical finding on a chest X-ray of a patient with a pneumothorax?
A) Widened mediastinum
B) Hyperinflated lungs
C) Air in the pleural space
D) Pulmonary consolidation
Answer: C) Air in the pleural space
In patients with chronic bronchitis, which finding is most commonly seen on pulmonary function tests?
A) Restrictive lung disease pattern
B) Obstructive lung disease pattern
C) Normal lung function
D) Mixed lung disease pattern
Answer: B) Obstructive lung disease pattern
What is the primary cause of occupational lung disease in workers exposed to asbestos?
A) Silicosis
B) Asbestosis
C) Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis
D) Berylliosis
Answer: B) Asbestosis
Which condition is characterized by the presence of a persistent cough, dyspnea, and wheezing, often triggered by exposure to environmental allergens or irritants?
