PAST PAPER DEPUTY DIRECTOR AGRICULTURE (OFWM)

1. What is the main purpose of agricultural engineering? A) To increase crop yield B) To develop machinery for farming C) To improve soil quality D) To study pest control Answer: B) To develop machinery for farming 2. Which type of irrigation involves the use of pipes to deliver water directly to plant roots? A) Surface irrigation B) Drip irrigation C) Flood irrigation D) Sprinkler irrigation Answer: B) Drip irrigation 3. What is the primary benefit of using precision agriculture? A) Decreased labor costs B) Increased chemical use C) Enhanced crop management D) Reduced equipment costs Answer: C) Enhanced crop management 4. Which of the following is a type of tillage that minimizes soil disturbance? A) Conventional tillage B) No-till C) Intensive tillage D) Strip tillage Answer: B) No-till 5. Which equipment is used for planting seeds in rows at the correct depth? A) Harrow B) Seeder C) Cultivator D) Plow Answer: B) Seeder 6. What is the function of a tractor’s hydraulic system? A) To propel the tractor B) To lift and lower implements C) To steer the tractor D) To cool the engine Answer: B) To lift and lower implements 7. Which type of fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium? A) Organic fertilizer B) Inorganic fertilizer C) Complete fertilizer D) None of the above Answer: C) Complete fertilizer 8. What is the primary purpose of crop rotation? A) To prevent soil erosion B) To improve soil fertility C) To reduce pest and disease buildup D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above 9. Which of the following is a disadvantage of monoculture farming? A) Increased biodiversity B) Greater pest vulnerability C) Higher crop yield D) Easier management Answer: B) Greater pest vulnerability 10. What type of machinery is used to harvest grain crops? A) Planter B) Harvester C) Cultivator D) Seeder Answer: B) Harvester

Water Engineering and Management

11. What is the main goal of water management in agriculture? A) To increase water usage B) To ensure efficient water use C) To eliminate water sources D) To reduce crop yield Answer: B) To ensure efficient water use 12. Which method of irrigation is most efficient in terms of water conservation? A) Surface irrigation B) Flood irrigation C) Drip irrigation D) Sprinkler irrigation Answer: C) Drip irrigation 13. What is the term for the process of collecting rainwater for agricultural use? A) Rainwater harvesting B) Irrigation C) Drought management D) Water conservation Answer: A) Rainwater harvesting 14. Which of the following is a major factor in the design of irrigation systems? A) Soil type B) Crop type C) Topography D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above 15. What is the primary purpose of drainage systems in agriculture? A) To increase soil moisture B) To remove excess water C) To irrigate crops D) To store water Answer: B) To remove excess water 16. Which type of irrigation uses a network of canals and ditches to convey water? A) Drip irrigation B) Surface irrigation C) Subsurface irrigation D) Rainfed irrigation Answer: B) Surface irrigation 17. What is the term for the maximum amount of water that soil can retain? A) Field capacity B) Wilting point C) Saturation D) Permeability Answer: A) Field capacity 18. Which water quality parameter is crucial for irrigation? A) pH B) Dissolved oxygen C) Temperature D) All of the above Answer: A) pH 19. Which of the following is a benefit of using groundwater for irrigation? A) It is always available B) It does not require infrastructure C) It can be replenished naturally D) It is less prone to evaporation Answer: D) It is less prone to evaporation 20. What is the primary cause of water scarcity in agriculture? A) Overuse of water B) Climate change C) Pollution D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above

Agriculture

21. What is the main goal of sustainable agriculture? A) Maximum profit B) Environmental preservation C) Increased pesticide use D) Intensive farming Answer: B) Environmental preservation 22. Which of the following crops is commonly grown as a cash crop? A) Wheat B) Rice C) Cotton D) Barley Answer: C) Cotton 23. What is integrated pest management (IPM)? A) The use of only chemical pesticides B) A holistic approach to controlling pests C) Growing only pest-resistant crops D) Eliminating all pests from the farm Answer: B) A holistic approach to controlling pests 24. Which of the following is a characteristic of organic farming? A) Use of synthetic fertilizers B) Crop rotation C) Genetically modified organisms D) Chemical pesticides Answer: B) Crop rotation 25. What is the main purpose of soil conservation practices? A) To increase soil pH B) To reduce erosion C) To improve soil drainage D) To enhance soil fertility Answer: B) To reduce erosion 26. Which of the following is a benefit of agroforestry? A) Increased land competition B) Enhanced biodiversity C) Reduced crop yields D) Higher pesticide usage Answer: B) Enhanced biodiversity 27. What is the primary factor influencing plant growth? A) Water B) Soil C) Sunlight D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above 28. Which farming practice is used to improve soil structure? A) Overgrazing B) Cover cropping C) Monoculture D) Heavy tillage Answer: B) Cover cropping 29. What is the term for the practice of planting different crops in the same area? A) Crop rotation B) Monoculture C) Intercropping D) Companion planting Answer: C) Intercropping 30. Which of the following is a significant factor in determining crop yield? A) Soil fertility B) Weather conditions C) Pest management D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above

Agricultural Engineering Continued

31. Which type of plowing involves cutting and turning the soil? A) Deep plowing B) Subsoiling C) Moldboard plowing D) No-till plowing Answer: C) Moldboard plowing 32. What is the primary role of a combine harvester? A) Planting seeds B) Harvesting and threshing C) Irrigating crops D) Tilling soil Answer: B) Harvesting and threshing 33. Which device is used to measure soil moisture content? A) Hygrometer B) Barometer C) Tensiometer D) Psychrometer Answer: C) Tensiometer 34. What is the main purpose of a cultivator? A) To harvest crops B) To prepare the seedbed C) To irrigate fields D) To apply fertilizers Answer: B) To prepare the seedbed 35. Which of the following is an example of mechanization in agriculture? A) Hand weeding B) Manual harvesting C) Using a tractor D) Crop rotation Answer: C) Using a tractor 36. What is the primary function of a greenhouse? A) To grow crops outdoors B) To protect plants from pests C) To control environmental conditions D) To enhance soil fertility Answer: C) To control environmental conditions 37. Which irrigation system is best suited for hilly terrain? A) Surface irrigation B) Drip irrigation C) Subsurface irrigation D) Flood irrigation Answer: B) Drip irrigation 38. What is the purpose of a soil test? A) To determine crop variety B) To assess soil fertility C) To evaluate water quality D) To measure temperature Answer: B) To assess soil fertility 39. Which of the following is a key principle of sustainable farming? A) High chemical input B) Resource conservation C) Intensive monoculture D) Soil depletion Answer: B) Resource conservation 40. What does the term “agricultural extension” refer to? A) The process of enlarging farms B) The delivery of educational services to farmers C) The use of advanced technologies in farming D) The expansion of agricultural research Answer: B) The delivery of educational services to farmers

Water Engineering and Management Continued

41. What is a common method of assessing water availability for irrigation? A) Soil sampling B) Water budgeting C) Weather forecasting D) Crop rotation Answer: B) Water budgeting 42. Which of the following is a major water quality issue affecting agriculture? A) Soil erosion B) Water salinity C) Nutrient depletion D) Pesticide resistance Answer: B) Water salinity 43. What is the purpose of a water conservation plan? A) To increase water usage B) To promote wasteful practices C) To enhance sustainable water use D) To eliminate water sources Answer: C) To enhance sustainable water use 44. Which water management strategy involves using barriers to control water flow? A) Drainage B) Dams C) Irrigation D) Flooding Answer: B) Dams 45. What is the significance of watershed management? A) To maximize water usage B) To prevent flooding and erosion C) To eliminate aquatic ecosystems D) To increase agricultural inputs Answer: B) To prevent flooding and erosion 46. Which irrigation method is least efficient in water usage? A) Drip irrigation B) Sprinkler irrigation C) Flood irrigation D) Subsurface irrigation Answer: C) Flood irrigation 47. What does the term “water footprint” refer to? A) The amount of water used by an individual or community B) The area of land covered by water C) The volume of water in a reservoir D) The rate of evaporation Answer: A) The amount of water used by an individual or community 48. Which of the following practices helps improve water retention in soil? A) Overgrazing B) Cover cropping C) Intensive tillage D) Monoculture Answer: B) Cover cropping 49. What is a common source of surface water for irrigation? A) Groundwater B) Rivers and lakes C) Desalination plants D) Atmospheric moisture Answer: B) Rivers and lakes 50. What is the primary purpose of a water reservoir? A) To increase evaporation B) To store water for future use C) To promote flooding D) To eliminate water sources Answer: B) To store water for future use

Agriculture Continued

51. What is agroecology? A) A form of monoculture B) The study of ecological processes in agriculture C) The use of synthetic fertilizers D) A technique for crop rotation Answer: B) The study of ecological processes in agriculture 52. Which of the following is a practice that enhances soil health? A) Heavy tillage B) Cover cropping C) Over-fertilization D) Continuous monoculture Answer: B) Cover cropping 53. What is the main purpose of a compost pile? A) To store pesticides B) To recycle organic matter C) To enhance soil erosion D) To increase greenhouse gas emissions Answer: B) To recycle organic matter 54. Which of the following crops is typically used for biofuel production? A) Wheat B) Corn C) Barley D) Soybean Answer: B) Corn 55. What is the primary benefit of using organic fertilizers? A) They are more expensive B) They improve soil health C) They are easier to apply D) They have immediate effects Answer: B) They improve soil health 56. Which pest control method uses natural predators? A) Chemical control B) Biological control C) Cultural control D) Mechanical control Answer: B) Biological control 57. What is the primary focus of agricultural research? A) To increase food prices B) To enhance crop production and sustainability C) To eliminate traditional farming D) To promote chemical usage Answer: B) To enhance crop production and sustainability 58. Which agricultural system integrates livestock with crop production? A) Monoculture B) Permaculture C) Mixed farming D) Industrial farming Answer: C) Mixed farming 59. What is the term for the practice of planting crops in rows? A) Broadcasting B) Transplanting C) Direct seeding D) Row cropping Answer: D) Row cropping 60. What is the primary purpose of agricultural education? A) To promote monoculture B) To inform and train future farmers C) To increase chemical usage D) To reduce food production Answer: B) To inform and train future farmers

General Questions Related to Engineering, Water Management, and Agriculture

61. What is the main goal of irrigation engineering? A) To maximize water wastage B) To enhance agricultural productivity through efficient water use C) To eliminate the need for water D) To reduce soil fertility Answer: B) To enhance agricultural productivity through efficient water use 62. Which factor is most critical in determining the irrigation method to be used? A) Crop type B) Soil type C) Water availability D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above 63. What is the primary environmental benefit of sustainable agriculture? A) Increased pollution B) Reduced biodiversity C) Enhanced ecosystem services D) Soil degradation Answer: C) Enhanced ecosystem services 64. Which type of crop is typically grown for human consumption? A) Cash crops B) Food crops C) Fiber crops D) Ornamental crops Answer: B) Food crops 65. What is the main reason for using crop rotation? A) To increase pests B) To improve soil health C) To decrease yield D) To simplify farming practices Answer: B) To improve soil health 66. Which of the following is a benefit of integrated farming systems? A) Increased resource competition B) Enhanced sustainability C) Higher chemical input D) Reduced efficiency Answer: B) Enhanced sustainability 67. What is the primary characteristic of desert agriculture? A) High rainfall B) Irrigation and drought-resistant crops C) Monoculture D) No use of fertilizers Answer: B) Irrigation and drought-resistant crops 68. What is the term for the study of animal husbandry? A) Agronomy B) Animal science C) Horticulture D) Soil science Answer: B) Animal science 69. Which crop is known as a legume? A) Wheat B) Rice C) Soybean D) Barley Answer: C) Soybean 70. What does the term “biotechnology” refer to in agriculture? A) The use of chemical pesticides B) The genetic modification of organisms C) The practice of traditional farming D) The cultivation of wild plants Answer: B) The genetic modification of organisms 71. What is the main purpose of field trials in agriculture? A) To eliminate all pests B) To test crop varieties and practices C) To increase chemical usage D) To reduce soil fertility Answer: B) To test crop varieties and practices 72. Which of the following is a primary factor in determining the success of an irrigation project? A) Weather conditions B) Economic feasibility C) Technical design D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above 73. What is the primary function of agricultural extension services? A) To restrict farmers’ access to information B) To provide farmers with training and resources C) To eliminate traditional farming practices D) To increase pesticide usage Answer: B) To provide farmers with training and resources 74. What is the purpose of crop diversification? A) To reduce soil health B) To increase vulnerability to pests C) To enhance resilience to climate change D) To promote monoculture Answer: C) To enhance resilience to climate change 75. Which type of irrigation is most commonly used in arid regions? A) Surface irrigation B) Drip irrigation C) Flood irrigation D) Rainfed irrigation Answer: B) Drip irrigation 76. Who is known as the Father of the Nation in Pakistan? A) Allama Iqbal B) Liaquat Ali Khan C) Muhammad Ali Jinnah D) Benazir Bhutto Answer: C) Muhammad Ali Jinnah 77. What is the capital of France? A) Berlin B) Madrid C) Paris D) Rome Answer: C) Paris 78. When did Pakistan become an independent nation? A) 14 August 1947 B) 15 August 1947 C) 23 March 1940 D) 16 December 1971 Answer: A) 14 August 1947 79. What is the national language of Pakistan? A) Urdu B) Punjabi C) Sindhi D) Pashto Answer: A) Urdu 80. Who is the current Prime Minister of Pakistan (as of 2024)? A) Shahbaz Sharif B) Imran Khan C) Bilawal Bhutto D) Nawaz Sharif Answer: A) Shahbaz Sharif 81. Which country hosted the 2023 FIFA Women’s World Cup? A) France B) Australia and New Zealand C) United States D) Germany Answer: B) Australia and New Zealand 82. Which is the largest desert in the world? A) Sahara B) Arabian Desert C) Gobi D) Kalahari Answer: A) Sahara 83. Mount Everest is located in which mountain range? A) Andes B) Himalayas C) Rockies D) Alps Answer: B) Himalayas 84. What is the synonym of “happy”? A) Sad B) Joyful C) Angry D) Tired Answer: B) Joyful 85. What is the antonym of “difficult”? A) Hard B) Easy C) Complex D) Tough Answer: B) Easy 86. What is the value of $7\times 6$? A) 42 B) 36 C) 48 D) 56 Answer: A) 42 87. What is the square root of 81? A) 7 B) 8 C) 9 D) 10 Answer: C) 9 88. “کتاب” کا انگریزی ترجمہ کیا ہے؟ A) Book B) Pen C) Paper D) Reader Answer: A) Book 89. “محبت” کا اردو میں کیا مطلب ہے؟ A) Hatred B) Love C) Anger D) Fear Answer: B) Love 90. What is the boiling point of water at sea level? A) 90°C B) 100°C C) 80°C D) 110°C Answer: B) 100°C 91. Which gas is most abundant in the Earth’s atmosphere? A) Oxygen B) Nitrogen C) Carbon Dioxide D) Helium Answer: B) Nitrogen 92. What does CPU stand for? A) Central Processing Unit B) Computer Personal Unit C) Central Programming Unit D) Computer Processing Unit Answer: A) Central Processing Unit 93. Which of the following is an input device? A) Monitor B) Keyboard C) Printer D) Speaker Answer: B) Keyboard 94. Who wrote the national anthem of Pakistan? A) Allama Iqbal B) Hafeez Jullundhri C) Faiz Ahmed Faiz D) Qateel Shifai Answer: B) Hafeez Jullundhri 95. What is the largest planet in our solar system? A) Earth B) Saturn C) Jupiter D) Mars Answer: C) Jupiter 96. Which country has the most natural lakes? A) Canada B) Russia C) USA D) India Answer: A) Canada 97. The Great Wall of China was built primarily for what purpose? A) Trade B) Defense C) Tourism D) Agriculture Answer: B) Defense 98. Which technology is used for the digital currency Bitcoin? A) Blockchain B) Cloud Computing C) Artificial Intelligence D) Virtual Reality Answer: A) Blockchain 99. Which global event is celebrated on April 22 each year? A) Earth Day B) World Health Day C) World Environment Day D) International Day of Peace Answer: A) Earth Day 100. If a triangle has sides of lengths 3, 4, and 5, what type of triangle is it? A) Equilateral B) Isosceles C) Scalene D) Right-angled Answer: D) Right-angled