Issues and Challenges in Pakistan MCQs

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: May 31, 2025

1. : Which of the following is NOT a major issue/challenge faced by Pakistan?
(A) Poverty
(B) Political stability
(C) Terrorism
(D) Corruption

2. : The term “brain drain” refers to the:
(A) Movement of educated individuals from rural to urban areas
(B) Export of skilled professionals to other countries
(C) Decrease in agricultural productivity
(D) High birth rate among educated segments of society

3. : Pakistan’s biggest environmental challenge is:
(A) Water scarcity
(B) Air pollution
(C) Deforestation
(D) Soil erosion

4. : The term “energy crisis” in Pakistan primarily refers to the shortage of:
(A) Solar energy
(B) Wind energy
(C) Fossil fuels
(D) Hydroelectric power

5. : The informal economy in Pakistan refers to:
(A) Businesses registered with the government
(B) Small-scale enterprises
(C) Unregistered economic activities
(D) Import and export trade

6. : The “gender gap” in Pakistan primarily refers to disparities in:
(A) Access to education
(B) Employment opportunities
(C) Political representation
(D) All of the above

7. : Pakistan’s literacy rate is significantly lower in which gender?
(A) Male
(B) Female
(C) It’s equal for both genders
(D) None of the above

8. : Which sector is the largest contributor to Pakistan’s GDP?
(A) Agriculture
(B) Industry
(C) Services
(D) Tourism

9. : The term “food insecurity” refers to:
(A) Lack of variety in food choices
(B) Insufficient food production
(C) Lack of access to nutritious food
(D) Food wastage

10. : Pakistan faces significant challenges in the management of:
(A) Healthcare
(B) Education
(C) Water resources
(D) All of the above

11. : Which of the following is NOT a major health challenge in Pakistan?
(A) Polio eradication
(B) Malnutrition
(C) HIV/AIDS epidemic
(D) High infant mortality rate

12. : The term “urbanization” refers to the:
(A) Shift of population from rural to urban areas
(B) Growth of rural settlements
(C) Decline of urban areas
(D) Increase in agricultural productivity

13. : Which of the following is NOT a major challenge in Pakistan’s education system?
(A) Lack of infrastructure
(B) Gender disparity
(C) Quality of education
(D) High literacy rate

14. : Pakistan’s debt burden primarily arises from:
(A) External borrowing
(B) Internal revenue collection
(C) Export earnings
(D) Remittances

15. : The term “political instability” refers to:
(A) Frequent changes in government
(B) Lack of political parties
(C) Strong democratic institutions
(D) Consistent policy-making

16. : Which of the following is NOT a major factor contributing to poverty in Pakistan?
(A) Unemployment
(B) Low agricultural productivity
(C) High inflation rate
(D) Abundant natural resources

17. : The term “terrorism” refers to:
(A) Political demonstrations
(B) Acts of violence aimed at instilling fear
(C) Economic sanctions
(D) Peaceful protests

18. : Which sector in Pakistan suffers from significant water contamination issues?
(A) Agriculture
(B) Industry
(C) Housing
(D) All of the above

19. : The term “trade deficit” refers to:
(A) Excess of imports over exports
(B) Excess of exports over imports
(C) Balance of trade
(D) None of the above

20. : Pakistan’s population growth rate is primarily due to:
(A) High birth rate
(B) High death rate
(C) Decrease in infant mortality
(D) All of the above

21. : The term “political polarization” refers to:
(A) Unity among political parties
(B) Division along political lines
(C) Lack of political activism
(D) Consensus-building efforts

22. : Which of the following is NOT a major challenge in Pakistan’s infrastructure development?
(A) Energy shortages
(B) Lack of skilled labor
(C) Poor road connectivity
(D) Efficient public transportation

23. : Pakistan’s human rights issues primarily involve violations related to:
(A) Gender equality
(B) Child labor
(C) Freedom of expression
(D) All of the above

24. : The term “poverty trap” refers to:
(A) A cycle of poverty perpetuated by social and economic factors
(B) A sudden increase in poverty rates
(C) Poverty alleviation programs
(D) Economic stagnation

25. : The informal sector in Pakistan primarily consists of:
(A) Registered businesses
(B) Small-scale enterprises
(C) Government organizations
(D) Multinational corporations

26. : Which of the following is NOT a major challenge in Pakistan’s healthcare system?
(A) Inadequate healthcare infrastructure
(B) High maternal mortality rate
(C) Abundant healthcare professionals
(D) Lack of access to healthcare in rural areas

27. : Pakistan’s judicial system faces challenges related to:
(A) Corruption
(B) Political interference
(C) Delayed justice
(D) All of the above

28. : The term “youth bulge” refers to:
(A) A sudden decrease in the youth population
(B) A demographic imbalance favoring the elderly
(C) A large proportion of the population being young
(D) A decline in the birth rate

29. : The term “internal displacement” refers to:
(A) Migration within the country due to natural disasters or conflicts
(B) Migration from rural to urban areas
(C) International migration for employment
(D) None of the above

30. : Which of the following is NOT a major challenge in Pakistan’s water management?
(A) Water scarcity
(B) Water pollution
(C) Unequal distribution of water resources
(D) Excessive rainfall