Chapter 1
1.1 Theory of Systems
A system is a set of parts that work with each other to achieve a common goal. Each part in the system has a specific role, and they all work together to make the system function properly.
An Information System is an integrated set of components designed for collecting, processing, and storing data to provide useful information.
Example of a Computer System
A computer system consists of various parts like the processor, keyboard, screen, and memory. Each part has its own specific task, but they all work together to help the computer perform its functions. Similarly, other systems like machines, living organisms, or devices have different parts that works together to achieve a specific goal.
Components of a Computer System:
- Processor (CPU)
- Memory (RAM)
- Storage (Hard Drive/SSD)
- Power Supply
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- Monitor
Systems Theory
Systems Theory is an approach that helps us understand how different parts of a system work together, how they evolve, and how they change over time. This theory allows us to view the world from different perspectives, focusing on how systems and their sub-systems operate, integrate, and evolve.
More Examples of Systems
Systems can be classified into natural systems and human-made systems.
Natural Systems:
- Human Body System
- Weather System
- Food Chain
Human-made Systems:
- Physical Objects as a System (e.g., a Car or Bicycle)
- Processes as a System (e.g., the School Admission Process)
Note: Abstract ideas, like a mathematical formula, can also be used to design a system.