1. What is the chemical formula for water?
a) H₂O
b) CO₂
c) NaCl
d) CH₄
Answer: a) H₂O
2. At what temperature does water boil at sea level?
a) 0°C
b) 50°C
c) 100°C
d) 150°C
Answer: c) 100°C
3. What is the term for water’s ability to dissolve many substances?
a) Solubility
b) Polarity
c) Capillarity
d) Heat capacity
Answer: b) Polarity
4. Which property of water allows it to climb up plant stems against gravity?
a) Adhesion
b) Cohesion
c) Density
d) Viscosity
Answer: a) Adhesion
5. What is the main reason ice floats on water?
a) Ice is less dense than liquid water
b) Ice has a higher temperature
c) Ice is more viscous
d) Ice evaporates quickly
Answer: a) Ice is less dense than liquid water
6. What is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas?
a) Freezing
b) Melting
c) Condensation
d) Evaporation
Answer: d) Evaporation
7. What is the term for water’s ability to absorb and release large amounts of heat without a significant change in temperature?
a) Thermal conductivity
b) Heat capacity
c) Specific heat
d) Latent heat
Answer: c) Specific heat
8. What is the process by which water vapor changes back into liquid water?
a) Sublimation
b) Deposition
c) Condensation
d) Freezing
Answer: c) Condensation
9. What property of water causes it to have a high surface tension?
a) Cohesion
b) Adhesion
c) Polarity
d) Density
Answer: a) Cohesion
10. What phenomenon explains why water droplets bead up on a surface?
a) Surface tension
b) Vapor pressure
c) Density
d) Adhesion
Answer: a) Surface tension
11. What is the pH range of pure water?
a) 0-4
b) 5-7
c) 7
d) 8-14
Answer: c) 7
12. What is the term for the process of water moving through the soil and into groundwater reservoirs?
a) Percolation
b) Evaporation
c) Precipitation
d) Transpiration
Answer: a) Percolation
13. How does water’s high specific heat affect climate?
a) It makes coastal areas cooler in summer and warmer in winter
b) It makes all regions of the world have the same temperature
c) It causes water to evaporate quickly
d) It makes water a poor thermal insulator
Answer: a) It makes coastal areas cooler in summer and warmer in winter
14. What property of water is responsible for its ability to form hydrogen bonds?
a) Polarity
b) Cohesion
c) Density
d) Viscosity
Answer: a) Polarity
15. What is the term for the transition of water from solid to liquid?
a) Sublimation
b) Freezing
c) Melting
d) Condensation
Answer: c) Melting