Let me share with you a comparison between Natural Selection and Artificial Selection.
| Aspect | Natural Selection | Artificial Selection |
| Introduction | A Process through which organisms with advantageous traits for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the gradual change of populations over time. | A Process through which humans selectively breed organisms for specific traits, leading to the propagation of desired characteristics over generations. |
| Selection by | Environment factors such as predation, climate and resource availability. | Humans breeders or farmers |
| Mechanism of Selection | Differential survival and reproduction of individuals based on their heritable traits. | Controlled breeding by humans to encourage the reproduction of organisms with specific traits. |
| Time Scale | Takes place over long periods, resulting in gradual changes in populations. | Can occur relatively rapidly, leading to significant changes in a few generations. |
| Variability | Relies on the existing genetic variation within a population. | Can result in significant changes in genetic composition |
| Goal | Maximizes the adaptation of a population to its natural environment. | Achieves specific human-desired traits in a population. |
| Examples | · Peppered moths evolving coloration in response to industrial pollution.
· Darwin’s finches adapting beak shapes based on food availability. |
· Domestication of plants and animals for agriculture.
· Selective breeding of dogs for specific traits (size, coat color, etc. |