Advantages and Applications of HVDC — MCQs – EE

1. The primary advantage of HVDC over HVAC for long-distance transmission is:
(A) Lower transmission losses
(B) Lower initial cost always
(C) Simpler installation for short distances
(D) Easier reactive power compensation

2. HVDC is particularly suitable for:
(A) Bulk power transmission over long distances
(B) Low-voltage residential distribution
(C) Short-distance industrial feeders
(D) Only AC networks

3. HVDC allows:
(A) Interconnection of asynchronous AC grids
(B) Only synchronous AC grids
(C) Only single-phase AC distribution
(D) Only low-voltage systems

4. HVDC reduces:
(A) Reactive power requirements and charging currents for long cables
(B) Only active power losses in short lines
(C) Frequency deviation only
(D) Load demand only

5. HVDC can provide:
(A) Fast and precise control of active and reactive power
(B) Only active power control
(C) Only voltage regulation
(D) Only frequency control

6. HVDC is advantageous for:
(A) Undersea and underground cable transmission
(B) Overhead low-voltage distribution only
(C) Residential wiring
(D) Small AC distribution systems

7. HVDC allows:
(A) Long-distance power transmission without excessive charging currents
(B) Only short-distance distribution
(C) Only AC frequency regulation
(D) Only reactive power exchange

8. HVDC reduces:
(A) Line losses for bulk power transmission over long distances
(B) Transformer rating only
(C) Conductor size only
(D) Residential load losses only

9. HVDC is ideal for connecting:
(A) Renewable energy sources like offshore wind farms to the main grid
(B) Only thermal power plants nearby
(C) Only small residential loads
(D) Low-voltage industrial circuits

10. HVDC enables:
(A) Power flow control independent of AC system constraints
(B) Only AC voltage control
(C) Frequency regulation only
(D) Short-circuit mitigation only

11. HVDC transmission is preferred over HVAC for:
(A) Distances greater than 500–600 km (overhead) and 50 km (submarine cables)
(B) Short-distance distribution below 10 km
(C) Residential low-voltage supply only
(D) Only single-phase circuits

12. HVDC helps in:
(A) Stabilizing interconnected power systems
(B) Only reducing losses in small feeders
(C) Residential wiring
(D) Controlling low-voltage AC only

13. Bipolar HVDC systems provide:
(A) Higher reliability and reduced earth currents
(B) Only single conductor operation
(C) Only AC power transmission
(D) Reduced AC line voltage

14. Monopolar HVDC systems typically use:
(A) Single conductor with earth or metallic return
(B) Two conductors with opposite polarity
(C) Three-phase AC lines
(D) No return path

15. HVDC is widely applied for:
(A) Interconnecting grids of different frequencies
(B) Only residential AC networks
(C) Low-voltage industrial circuits
(D) Transformer-only distribution

16. HVDC improves:
(A) Controllability of power flow in transmission networks
(B) Only AC voltage
(C) Only frequency stability
(D) Only load factor

17. HVDC reduces the need for:
(A) Reactive power compensation over long transmission lines
(B) DC voltage regulation
(C) AC circuit breakers
(D) Load shedding only

18. HVDC facilitates:
(A) Integration of remote renewable energy sources
(B) Only local residential supply
(C) Small industrial AC feeders only
(D) Low-voltage distribution only

19. HVDC allows:
(A) Flexible control of power sharing between multiple terminals
(B) Only fixed power flow
(C) Only AC frequency control
(D) Only reactive power regulation

20. HVDC converters help in:
(A) Mitigating power oscillations and improving system stability
(B) Only line voltage reduction
(C) Frequency adjustment only
(D) Load shedding only

21. HVDC is useful in:
(A) Reducing overall transmission line cost for very long distances
(B) Short-distance residential wiring
(C) Low-voltage industrial supply only
(D) Only AC distribution

22. HVDC is preferred for submarine interconnections because:
(A) Capacitive charging currents in AC cables are eliminated
(B) AC cables are cheaper
(C) AC voltage is more reliable
(D) DC cables have no insulation issues

23. HVDC provides:
(A) Fast and accurate power flow control for grid congestion management
(B) Only voltage regulation
(C) Only frequency control
(D) Only load shedding

24. HVDC allows:
(A) Long-distance interconnection without synchronizing the AC grids
(B) Only synchronized AC grids
(C) Low-voltage residential circuits
(D) Local distribution only

25. HVDC transmission reduces:
(A) Electrical losses for bulk power over long distances
(B) Only transformer losses
(C) AC frequency variations
(D) Short-circuit currents only

26. HVDC enables:
(A) Connection of offshore wind farms and remote hydro plants
(B) Only nearby AC generators
(C) Only residential loads
(D) Only local industrial supply

27. HVDC reduces:
(A) Land use for right-of-way compared to AC transmission
(B) Transformer rating only
(C) Residential load requirements
(D) Conductor material only

28. HVDC improves:
(A) Grid reliability by controlling power flow and isolating disturbances
(B) Only AC frequency
(C) Only load power factor
(D) Voltage at consumer level only

29. HVDC is beneficial for:
(A) Multi-terminal and long submarine cable systems
(B) Short-distance residential wiring
(C) Low-voltage industrial feeders only
(D) Local AC circuits only

30. The main goal of HVDC applications is to:
(A) Transmit large amounts of power efficiently, enhance system stability, and integrate remote sources
(B) Only supply local residential loads
(C) Reduce AC line frequency only
(D) Correct power factor only