Pathophysiology MCQs for nursing

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman | Last updated: July 26, 2024

  1. Which of the following is a common symptom of left-sided heart failure? A) Peripheral edema B) Jugular vein distention C) Pulmonary congestion D) Hepatomegaly Answer: C) Pulmonary congestion
  2. Which hormone is responsible for the regulation of blood glucose levels? A) Thyroxine B) Insulin C) Cortisol D) Adrenaline Answer: B) Insulin
  3. What is the primary cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? A) Genetic factors B) Air pollution C) Tobacco smoke D) Occupational dust Answer: C) Tobacco smoke
  4. Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with hyperkalemia? A) Decreased potassium B) Increased sodium C) Increased potassium D) Decreased calcium Answer: C) Increased potassium
  5. What condition is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells? A) Multiple myeloma B) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma C) Hodgkin lymphoma D) Leukemia Answer: C) Hodgkin lymphoma
  6. Which type of diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance? A) Type 1 diabetes B) Type 2 diabetes C) Gestational diabetes D) Diabetes insipidus Answer: B) Type 2 diabetes
  7. What is the primary pathological feature of Alzheimer’s disease? A) Demyelination of neurons B) Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles C) Lewy bodies D) Loss of motor neurons Answer: B) Amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles
  8. Which of the following is a common symptom of hypothyroidism? A) Weight loss B) Heat intolerance C) Weight gain D) Tachycardia Answer: C) Weight gain
  9. What is the main cause of myocardial infarction? A) Coronary artery spasm B) Hypertension C) Atherosclerosis D) Cardiomyopathy Answer: C) Atherosclerosis
  10. Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the pancreas? A) Hepatitis B) Pancreatitis C) Cholecystitis D) Gastritis Answer: B) Pancreatitis
  11. Which autoimmune disorder is characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints? A) Osteoarthritis B) Rheumatoid arthritis C) Gout D) Lupus Answer: B) Rheumatoid arthritis
  12. Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with hypocalcemia? A) Increased calcium B) Decreased sodium C) Increased potassium D) Decreased calcium Answer: D) Decreased calcium
  13. What is the primary cause of cirrhosis of the liver? A) Viral hepatitis B) Alcohol abuse C) Fatty liver disease D) Autoimmune hepatitis Answer: B) Alcohol abuse
  14. Which disorder is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia? A) Hypothyroidism B) Hyperthyroidism C) Diabetes mellitus D) Addison’s disease Answer: C) Diabetes mellitus
  15. Which condition is associated with the destruction of the myelin sheath in the central nervous system? A) Parkinson’s disease B) Alzheimer’s disease C) Multiple sclerosis D) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Answer: C) Multiple sclerosis
  16. Which of the following is a risk factor for developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT)? A) Prolonged immobility B) High cholesterol C) Hypotension D) Anemia Answer: A) Prolonged immobility
  17. What is the most common cause of peptic ulcer disease? A) Stress B) Spicy food C) Helicobacter pylori infection D) Excessive alcohol consumption Answer: C) Helicobacter pylori infection
  18. Which condition is characterized by the excessive production of cortisol? A) Addison’s disease B) Cushing’s syndrome C) Hyperthyroidism D) Hypothyroidism Answer: B) Cushing’s syndrome
  19. What is the main pathological feature of Parkinson’s disease? A) Loss of dopamine-producing neurons B) Accumulation of amyloid plaques C) Autoimmune destruction of beta cells D) Chronic inflammation of the synovium Answer: A) Loss of dopamine-producing neurons

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