1. Which of the following is the primary source of energy for cellular processes in the body?
a) Proteins
b) Carbohydrates
c) Fats
d) Vitamins
Answer: b) Carbohydrates
2. What is the basic building block of proteins?
a) Glucose
b) Nucleotides
c) Amino acids
d) Fatty acids
Answer: c) Amino acids
3. Which type of biomolecule is primarily responsible for catalyzing biochemical reactions in the body?
a) Lipids
b) Nucleic acids
c) Carbohydrates
d) Enzymes
Answer: d) Enzymes
4. The process by which DNA is transcribed into mRNA is known as:
a) Translation
b) Replication
c) Transcription
d) Mutation
Answer: c) Transcription
5. Which of the following vitamins is fat-soluble?
a) Vitamin C
b) Vitamin B12
c) Vitamin D
d) Vitamin B6
Answer: c) Vitamin D
6. The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, occurs in which part of the cell?
a) Nucleus
b) Cytoplasm
c) Mitochondria
d) Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: c) Mitochondria
7. Which macromolecule serves as the genetic material in cells?
a) Proteins
b) Lipids
c) Carbohydrates
d) Nucleic acids
Answer: d) Nucleic acids
8. What is the role of hemoglobin in the human body?
a) To transport oxygen in the blood
b) To digest dietary proteins
c) To regulate blood glucose levels
d) To provide immune protection
Answer: a) To transport oxygen in the blood
9. Which lipid is considered “good” cholesterol and is important for removing excess cholesterol from the bloodstream?
a) LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein)
b) HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein)
c) Triglycerides
d) Phospholipids
Answer: b) HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein)
10. The primary function of insulin in the body is to:
a) Break down proteins
b) Facilitate the uptake of glucose into cells
c) Increase the release of fatty acids
d) Enhance the production of red blood cells
Answer: b) Facilitate the uptake of glucose into cells