Microbiology MCQs for nursing

1. : Which of the following is the most common causative agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
(A) Staphylococcus aureus
(B) Escherichia coli
(C) Streptococcus pyogenes
(D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2. : What is the primary method of transmission for the influenza virus?
(A) Direct contact with contaminated surfaces
(B) Airborne droplets
(C) Blood transfusions
(D) Vector-borne transmission

3. : Which bacterium is known for causing peptic ulcers?
(A) Escherichia coli
(B) Helicobacter pylori
(C) Bacillus cereus
(D) Clostridium difficile

4. : Which of the following is a characteristic of Gram-positive bacteria?
(A) Thin peptidoglycan layer
(B) Presence of an outer membrane
(C) Thick peptidoglycan layer
(D) Staining pink with Gram stain

5. : What is the causative agent of tuberculosis?
(A) Mycobacterium leprae
(B) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(C) Mycobacterium bovis
(D) Mycobacterium avium

6. : Which type of microorganism is responsible for athlete’s foot?
(A) Bacteria
(B) Virus
(C) Fungus
(D) Protozoa

7. : Which of the following is not a mechanism of action for antibiotics?
(A) Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
(B) Inhibition of protein synthesis
(C) Disruption of cell membrane integrity
(D) Inhibition of RNA synthesis

8. : Which of the following diseases is caused by a prion?
(A) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
(B) Ebola
(C) Malaria
(D) Influenza

9. : Which of the following statements about viruses is true?
(A) They can reproduce independently outside a host cell.
(B) They are considered living organisms.
(C) They contain both DNA and RNA simultaneously.
(D) They require a host cell to replicate.

10. : Which of the following is used to sterilize surgical instruments?
(A) Boiling water
(B) Autoclaving
(C) Alcohol wipes
(D) UV radiation

11. : What is the main component of the bacterial cell wall in Gram-positive bacteria?
(A) Lipopolysaccharide
(B) Peptidoglycan
(C) Teichoic acid
(D) Mycolic acid

12. : Which of the following best describes the term “nosocomial infection”?
(A) Infection acquired from animals
(B) Infection acquired during a hospital stay
(C) Infection transmitted through insect bites
(D) Infection present at birth

13. : Which of the following bacteria is most commonly associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia?
(A) Streptococcus pneumoniae
(B) Klebsiella pneumoniae
(C) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
(D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa

14. : What is the primary mode of transmission for hepatitis B?
(A) Contaminated water
(B) Airborne droplets
(C) Blood and body fluids
(D) Vector-borne transmission

15. : Which of the following is a zoonotic disease?
(A) Tetanus
(B) Rabies
(C) Tuberculosis
(D) Chickenpox

16. : Which microorganism is known for causing toxic shock syndrome?
(A) Escherichia coli
(B) Staphylococcus aureus
(C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
(D) Neisseria meningitidis

17. : Which test is used to detect tuberculosis infection?
(A) ELISA
(B) PCR
(C) Mantoux test
(D) Western blot

18. : Which of the following is a common cause of food poisoning?
(A) Staphylococcus aureus
(B) Streptococcus pyogenes
(C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
(D) Helicobacter pylori

19. : Which virus is responsible for causing chickenpox?
(A) Varicella-zoster virus
(B) Human papillomavirus
(C) Epstein-Barr virus
(D) Cytomegalovirus

20. : Which staining technique is used to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis?
(A) Gram staining
(B) Acid-fast staining
(C) Capsule staining
(D) Endospore staining