Joint Reaction Forces – MCQs

1. What are joint reaction forces?
(A) Forces applied only by muscles
(B) Net forces transmitted across a joint
(C) Only gravitational forces on joints
(D) Frictional forces in joints

2. Joint reaction forces are mainly generated by:
(A) Muscles and ligaments
(B) Bones only
(C) Cartilage only
(D) External load only

3. The unit of joint reaction force is:
(A) Joule
(B) Newton
(C) Watt
(D) Meter

4. Which joint often experiences the greatest reaction force during walking?
(A) Shoulder joint
(B) Knee joint
(C) Wrist joint
(D) Elbow joint

5. Which joint bears high reaction forces during running?
(A) Ankle joint
(B) Hip joint
(C) Spine
(D) All of the above

6. Joint reaction forces depend on:
(A) Muscle activity
(B) External load
(C) Joint position
(D) All of the above

7. During standing, most joint reaction force passes through:
(A) Shoulder joint
(B) Hip joint
(C) Ankle joint
(D) Elbow joint

8. Which method is commonly used to estimate joint reaction forces?
(A) Electromyography
(B) Inverse dynamics
(C) MRI scanning
(D) Ultrasound

9. Joint reaction forces are important for understanding:
(A) Posture
(B) Movement mechanics
(C) Injury risk
(D) All of the above

10. Excessive joint reaction forces may lead to:
(A) Increased bone density
(B) Joint degeneration
(C) Muscle hypertrophy
(D) Faster reflexes

11. Which joint reaction force increases with body weight?
(A) Knee
(B) Ankle
(C) Hip
(D) All of the above

12. During stair climbing, which joint faces higher reaction forces?
(A) Knee
(B) Hip
(C) Ankle
(D) All of the above

13. Joint reaction forces represent:
(A) Internal resistance
(B) Contact forces between joint surfaces
(C) External push and pull
(D) Gravitational pull only

14. When squatting, the knee joint reaction force:
(A) Decreases
(B) Increases
(C) Remains constant
(D) Disappears

15. The hip joint reaction force while walking is approximately:
(A) 0.5 × body weight
(B) 1 × body weight
(C) 3–4 × body weight
(D) 6 × body weight

16. Which factor reduces joint reaction forces?
(A) Increasing muscle force
(B) Reducing load
(C) Reducing speed of motion
(D) Both B and C

17. Joint reaction forces are critical in:
(A) Joint replacement design
(B) Prosthetic limb design
(C) Rehabilitation exercises
(D) All of the above

18. The ankle joint reaction force during running may reach:
(A) 2 × body weight
(B) 4 × body weight
(C) 6 × body weight
(D) 8 × body weight

19. Which soft tissue helps distribute joint reaction forces?
(A) Ligaments
(B) Cartilage
(C) Tendons
(D) Muscles

20. When carrying a heavy backpack, joint reaction forces increase in:
(A) Spine
(B) Hip
(C) Knee
(D) All of the above

21. Which activity produces higher hip joint reaction force?
(A) Standing
(B) Walking
(C) Running
(D) Sleeping

22. Which joint bears repetitive joint reaction forces in cycling?
(A) Shoulder
(B) Knee
(C) Wrist
(D) Elbow

23. Higher joint reaction forces may cause:
(A) Osteoarthritis progression
(B) Cartilage wear
(C) Stress fractures
(D) All of the above

24. In a push-up, reaction forces mainly act on:
(A) Elbow joint
(B) Wrist joint
(C) Shoulder joint
(D) All of the above

25. Knee joint reaction force is maximum at:
(A) Full extension
(B) 90° flexion
(C) Mid-range flexion
(D) During rotation

26. Muscle contraction contributes to joint reaction forces by:
(A) Increasing compression
(B) Decreasing compression
(C) Neutralizing load
(D) Eliminating load

27. Which factor affects joint reaction forces most?
(A) Load magnitude
(B) Acceleration
(C) Muscle activation
(D) All of the above

28. Joint reaction force in the hip increases when:
(A) Leaning forward
(B) Carrying weight on one side
(C) Standing on one leg
(D) All of the above

29. Reaction forces in joints help maintain:
(A) Stability
(B) Balance
(C) Alignment
(D) All of the above

30. Which daily activity causes high spinal joint reaction forces?
(A) Sleeping
(B) Lifting heavy objects
(C) Standing upright
(D) Walking slowly

31. Measuring joint reaction forces helps in:
(A) Preventing overuse injuries
(B) Designing safer exercises
(C) Understanding load distribution
(D) All of the above

32. The wrist joint experiences high reaction forces during:
(A) Typing
(B) Push-ups
(C) Walking
(D) Sleeping

33. In normal gait, knee joint reaction force peaks at:
(A) Heel strike
(B) Mid-stance
(C) Toe-off
(D) Swing phase

34. Hip joint reaction forces increase in which condition?
(A) Obesity
(B) Osteoarthritis
(C) Muscle weakness
(D) All of the above

35. The shoulder joint experiences high reaction forces in:
(A) Throwing
(B) Lifting overhead
(C) Swimming
(D) All of the above

36. Which rehabilitation activity reduces joint reaction forces?
(A) Swimming
(B) Jogging
(C) Stair climbing
(D) Sprinting

37. Joint reaction forces are distributed by:
(A) Synovial fluid
(B) Cartilage
(C) Menisci
(D) All of the above

38. Running downhill increases reaction forces in:
(A) Shoulder
(B) Elbow
(C) Knee
(D) Wrist

39. Which joint reaction force is critical in hip replacement surgery?
(A) Shear force
(B) Compressive force
(C) Tensile force
(D) Torque

40. Increased stride length during running:
(A) Decreases joint reaction forces
(B) Increases joint reaction forces
(C) Does not affect joint forces
(D) Eliminates forces

41. Which factor reduces knee joint reaction force?
(A) Using walking aids
(B) Strengthening quadriceps
(C) Losing body weight
(D) All of the above

42. Joint reaction forces are lowest in:
(A) Standing still
(B) Walking slowly
(C) Swimming
(D) Jumping

43. Which sports create high shoulder joint reaction forces?
(A) Baseball pitching
(B) Tennis serving
(C) Volleyball spiking
(D) All of the above

44. The ankle joint experiences maximum reaction force at:
(A) Push-off
(B) Heel strike
(C) Mid-stance
(D) Swing phase

45. Joint reaction forces act in which directions?
(A) Compression
(B) Shear
(C) Tension
(D) All of the above

46. Measuring joint reaction forces is important in:
(A) Sports biomechanics
(B) Clinical rehabilitation
(C) Orthopedic surgery
(D) All of the above

47. Reaction force in joints increases with:
(A) Faster movement
(B) Heavier load
(C) Poor posture
(D) All of the above

48. Knee joint reaction force while climbing stairs can reach:
(A) 2 × body weight
(B) 3 × body weight
(C) 4 × body weight
(D) 5 × body weight

49. Excessive joint reaction forces may result in:
(A) Cartilage breakdown
(B) Joint instability
(C) Chronic pain
(D) All of the above

50. Joint reaction forces in the human body are essential for:
(A) Normal movement
(B) Maintaining posture
(C) Load transmission
(D) All of the above