Microbial Cell Structure and Function MCQs

1. : What is the primary function of the cell membrane in microbial cells?
(A) DNA replication
(B) Energy production
(C) Regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell
(D) Protein synthesis

2. : Which structure in bacterial cells is responsible for providing rigidity and shape to the cell?
(A) Cytoplasm
(B) Cell membrane
(C) Cell wall
(D) Nucleus

3. : In which type of cells are ribosomes primarily involved in protein synthesis?
(A) Eukaryotic cells only
(B) Prokaryotic cells only
(C) Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
(D) Neither prokaryotic nor eukaryotic cells

4. : Which of the following structures is unique to eukaryotic cells but not found in prokaryotic cells?
(A) Plasma membrane
(B) Ribosomes
(C) Nucleus
(D) Cell wall

5. : What is the function of the flagella in bacterial cells?
(A) DNA replication
(B) Nutrient uptake
(C) Movement and motility
(D) Protein synthesis

6. : What component of the bacterial cell wall is responsible for Gram staining?
(A) Lipopolysaccharides
(B) Peptidoglycan
(C) Phospholipids
(D) Lipoproteins

7. : Which cellular structure is primarily involved in energy production in eukaryotic cells?
(A) Ribosome
(B) Mitochondrion
(C) Endoplasmic reticulum
(D) Golgi apparatus

8. : The cytoplasm of a bacterial cell primarily consists of:
(A) Nucleus and nucleolus
(B) Cell membrane and cell wall
(C) Cytosol and organelles
(D) Cytosol and various inclusions

9. : Which structure in gram-negative bacteria contributes to antibiotic resistance and affects the permeability of the cell membrane?
(A) Outer membrane
(B) Peptidoglycan layer
(C) Flagella
(D) Capsule

10. : What role does the capsule play in bacterial cells?
(A) Energy production
(B) Protection from phagocytosis
(C) Protein synthesis
(D) DNA replication