2. Which of the following is a common radiologic feature of a malignant bone tumor? a) Codman’s triangle b) Sclerotic margins c) Sharp demarcation d) No periosteal reaction Answer: a) Codman’s triangle
3. A “sunburst” pattern on a radiograph is most characteristic of which tumor? a) Osteosarcoma b) Chondrosarcoma c) Ewing’s sarcoma d) Multiple myeloma Answer: a) Osteosarcoma
4. The “onion-skin” periosteal reaction is typically seen in which of the following tumors? a) Osteosarcoma b) Giant cell tumor c) Ewing’s sarcoma d) Chondrosarcoma Answer: c) Ewing’s sarcoma
5. Which of the following tumors is known for producing a “soap bubble” appearance on radiographs? a) Osteosarcoma b) Giant cell tumor c) Ewing’s sarcoma d) Osteoid osteoma Answer: b) Giant cell tumor
6. What is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in adults? a) Osteosarcoma b) Ewing’s sarcoma c) Chondrosarcoma d) Multiple myeloma Answer: d) Multiple myeloma
7. A radiographic “popcorn calcification” is typically associated with which of the following tumors? a) Osteochondroma b) Lipoma c) Hamartoma d) Schwannoma Answer: c) Hamartoma
8. The “ground-glass” appearance on imaging is suggestive of which condition? a) Fibrous dysplasia b) Osteosarcoma c) Ewing’s sarcoma d) Lymphoma Answer: a) Fibrous dysplasia
9. A “hair-on-end” appearance on skull radiographs is most commonly associated with which condition? a) Sickle cell anemia b) Ewing’s sarcoma c) Osteosarcoma d) Metastatic prostate cancer Answer: a) Sickle cell anemia
10. The “spiculated” appearance of tumor margins is typically a sign of: a) Benign tumors b) Low-grade tumors c) Aggressive or malignant tumors d) Inflammatory lesions Answer: c) Aggressive or malignant tumors
11. Which tumor is typically associated with “ring-enhancing lesions” on MRI? a) Glioblastoma multiforme b) Meningioma c) Schwannoma d) Pituitary adenoma Answer: a) Glioblastoma multiforme
12. The “bone within a bone” appearance on radiographs is most suggestive of which condition? a) Osteopetrosis b) Paget’s disease c) Multiple myeloma d) Ewing’s sarcoma Answer: a) Osteopetrosis
13. The “moth-eaten” appearance of bone destruction is characteristic of: a) Metastatic bone disease b) Osteoid osteoma c) Chondrosarcoma d) Osteosarcoma Answer: a) Metastatic bone disease
14. Which of the following radiological signs is associated with a soft tissue sarcoma? a) Fat-fluid level b) Calcifications c) Periosteal reaction d) Soft tissue mass with bone invasion Answer: d) Soft tissue mass with bone invasion
15. The “flame-shaped” appearance of lytic lesions in long bones is most characteristic of which tumor? a) Osteosarcoma b) Multiple myeloma c) Giant cell tumor d) Chondrosarcoma Answer: b) Multiple myeloma
16. What is the most common location for a meningioma? a) Cerebral convexities b) Cerebellopontine angle c) Intraventricular d) Clivus Answer: a) Cerebral convexities
17. A “double density sign” on bone scintigraphy is most suggestive of which bone tumor? a) Osteosarcoma b) Osteoid osteoma c) Chondrosarcoma d) Ewing’s sarcoma Answer: b) Osteoid osteoma
18. The “cannonball metastases” seen on chest radiographs are most commonly associated with which cancer? a) Renal cell carcinoma b) Colorectal cancer c) Prostate cancer d) Osteosarcoma Answer: a) Renal cell carcinoma
19. A “dural tail” sign on MRI is most commonly associated with which tumor? a) Glioblastoma b) Meningioma c) Pituitary adenoma d) Schwannoma Answer: b) Meningioma
20. A “soap bubble” appearance in the epiphyseal region of a long bone is most commonly associated with: a) Osteosarcoma b) Chondroblastoma c) Giant cell tumor d) Aneurysmal bone cyst Answer: c) Giant cell tumor
21. The “sunburst” appearance of a tumor on radiography is caused by: a) Aggressive periosteal reaction b) Sclerotic bone deposition c) Cartilaginous matrix d) Tumor necrosis Answer: a) Aggressive periosteal reaction
22. Which of the following tumors is typically associated with a “corduroy cloth” appearance on vertebral body radiographs? a) Hemangioma b) Osteosarcoma c) Chondrosarcoma d) Multiple myeloma Answer: a) Hemangioma
23. The “winking owl” sign is a classic radiologic feature of which condition? a) Vertebral metastasis b) Osteoporosis c) Hemangioma d) Ankylosing spondylitis Answer: a) Vertebral metastasis
24. What is the most common primary malignant tumor of the kidney in children? a) Wilms tumor b) Neuroblastoma c) Rhabdomyosarcoma d) Lymphoma Answer: a) Wilms tumor
25. “Eggshell calcification” of lymph nodes is typically seen in which tumor or condition? a) Sarcoidosis b) Lung cancer c) Lymphoma d) Tuberculosis Answer: a) Sarcoidosis
26. The “apple core” lesion seen on a barium enema study is most indicative of which tumor? a) Colorectal carcinoma b) Gastric carcinoma c) Small bowel lymphoma d) Esophageal carcinoma Answer: a) Colorectal carcinoma
27. The “cotton wool” appearance of bone is commonly associated with which of the following conditions? a) Paget’s disease b) Osteosarcoma c) Multiple myeloma d) Lymphoma Answer: a) Paget’s disease
28. A “wheel-spoke” appearance in the breast on mammography is most indicative of which condition? a) Fibroadenoma b) Phyllodes tumor c) Intraductal carcinoma d) Radial scar Answer: d) Radial scar
29. The “flame-shaped” lucency seen in lytic lesions is most commonly associated with: a) Multiple myeloma b) Osteosarcoma c) Giant cell tumor d) Lymphoma Answer: a) Multiple myeloma
30. What is the most common primary malignant tumor of the liver? a) Hepatocellular carcinoma b) Cholangiocarcinoma c) Hemangioma d) Metastasis Answer: a) Hepatocellular carcinoma
31. The “cannonball metastases” on chest X-ray are typically seen in metastases from: a) Renal cell carcinoma b) Osteosarcoma c) Breast carcinoma d) Colorectal carcinoma Answer: a) Renal cell carcinoma
32. Which of the following is most indicative of a benign ovarian tumor on ultrasound? a) Thick septations b) Papillary projections c) Simple cyst d) Solid mass with vascularity Answer: c) Simple cyst
33. The “leaf-like” lobulations seen on breast imaging are indicative of which tumor? a) Phyllodes tumor b) Invasive ductal carcinoma c) Fibroadenoma d) Lobular carcinoma Answer: a) Phyllodes tumor 51. The “apple core” sign on a barium enema is indicative of which type of cancer? a) Colorectal cancer b) Gastric cancer c) Pancreatic cancer d) Esophageal cancer Answer: a) Colorectal cancer
52. The “tram-track” appearance on imaging is characteristic of which condition? a) Sturge-Weber syndrome b) Neurofibromatosis type 1 c) Meningioma d) Glioblastoma Answer: a) Sturge-Weber syndrome
53. The “moth-eaten” appearance on bone radiographs is most characteristic of: a) Osteomyelitis b) Metastatic disease c) Osteosarcoma d) Chondrosarcoma Answer: b) Metastatic disease
54. A “doughnut sign” on imaging is suggestive of which condition? a) Ovarian cyst b) Endometrioma c) Teratoma d) Fibroadenoma Answer: a) Ovarian cyst
55. Which radiologic feature is most associated with a benign breast lesion? a) Microcalcifications b) Irregular margins c) Well-circumscribed mass d) Spiculated edges Answer: c) Well-circumscribed mass
56. The “bamboo spine” sign on X-ray is most characteristic of: a) Ankylosing spondylitis b) Osteitis deformans c) Paget’s disease d) Tuberculosis of the spine Answer: a) Ankylosing spondylitis
57. The “snowstorm” appearance on ultrasound is typically associated with: a) Choriocarcinoma b) Ovarian cyst c) Endometriosis d) Teratoma Answer: a) Choriocarcinoma
58. The “starry sky” appearance on imaging is a feature of: a) Lymphoma b) Hodgkin’s lymphoma c) Leukemia d) Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Answer: d) Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
59. The “double bubble” sign on X-ray is indicative of which condition? a) Duodenal atresia b) Intussusception c) Gastroesophageal reflux disease d) Pyloric stenosis Answer: a) Duodenal atresia
60. A “target sign” on abdominal CT is most characteristic of: a) Appendicitis b) Intussusception c) Diverticulitis d) Crohn’s disease Answer: b) Intussusception
61. The “Hockey-stick” appearance on bone X-ray is associated with which condition? a) Osteosarcoma b) Osteoid osteoma c) Chondrosarcoma d) Fibrous dysplasia Answer: d) Fibrous dysplasia
62. The “rind sign” on CT imaging is indicative of which tumor? a) Meningioma b) Schwannoma c) Pituitary adenoma d) Glioblastoma Answer: a) Meningioma
63. The “tram-track” appearance on MRI is characteristic of: a) Neurofibromatosis type 2 b) Sturge-Weber syndrome c) Meningioma d) Glioblastoma Answer: a) Neurofibromatosis type 2
64. A “well-defined lytic lesion with sclerotic border” is most indicative of: a) Metastatic disease b) Osteosarcoma c) Ewing’s sarcoma d) Simple bone cyst Answer: d) Simple bone cyst
65. The “scalloping” of the vertebrae on imaging is commonly associated with: a) Paget’s disease b) Osteomyelitis c) Multiple myeloma d) Lymphoma Answer: a) Paget’s disease
66. The “tennis racket” appearance on bone radiographs is characteristic of which tumor? a) Osteosarcoma b) Osteochondroma c) Ewing’s sarcoma d) Giant cell tumor Answer: b) Osteochondroma
67. A “solitary pulmonary nodule with calcification” on CT is suggestive of which tumor? a) Benign pulmonary nodule b) Lung metastasis c) Primary lung cancer d) Pulmonary abscess Answer: a) Benign pulmonary nodule
68. The “snowball” appearance on CT is often associated with: a) Metastatic disease b) Renal cell carcinoma c) Lymphoma d) Ewing’s sarcoma Answer: b) Renal cell carcinoma
69. The “ring-and-arc” pattern on MRI is characteristic of: a) Chondrosarcoma b) Osteosarcoma c) Multiple myeloma d) Fibrous dysplasia Answer: a) Chondrosarcoma
70. The “honeycomb” appearance on X-ray is most often associated with: a) Lymphoma b) Pulmonary fibrosis c) Emphysema d) Asthma Answer: b) Pulmonary fibrosis
71. The “sandwich sign” on CT is associated with: a) Mesenteric lymphoma b) Colorectal carcinoma c) Ovarian cancer d) Hepatic metastases Answer: a) Mesenteric lymphoma
72. A “well-circumscribed solid mass” on breast imaging is most likely to be: a) Fibroadenoma b) Invasive ductal carcinoma c) Phyllodes tumor d) Lobular carcinoma Answer: a) Fibroadenoma
73. The “swiss cheese” appearance on MRI is indicative of: a) Neurofibromatosis type 2 b) Sturge-Weber syndrome c) Meningioma d) Glioblastoma Answer: a) Neurofibromatosis type 2
74. The “bone-in-bone” appearance is characteristic of which condition? a) Osteopetrosis b) Paget’s disease c) Osteomyelitis d) Multiple myeloma Answer: a) Osteopetrosis
75. The “cobblestone” appearance on imaging is most often associated with: a) Crohn’s disease b) Ulcerative colitis c) Diverticulitis d) Colorectal cancer Answer: a) Crohn’s disease
76. The “Crescent sign” on MRI is typically associated with which condition? a) Osteonecrosis b) Bone marrow edema c) Osteomyelitis d) Multiple myeloma Answer: a) Osteonecrosis
77. The “horseshoe kidney” appearance on imaging is most commonly associated with: a) Congenital anomaly b) Renal cell carcinoma c) Urinary tract infection d) Renal cyst Answer: a) Congenital anomaly
78. The “tiger stripe” appearance on CT imaging is indicative of which condition? a) Pancreatic cancer b) Chronic pancreatitis c) Hepatitis d) Renal carcinoma Answer: b) Chronic pancreatitis
79. The “twin peaks” sign on ultrasound is associated with which condition? a) Bipolar disorder b) Dichorionic twins c) Conjoined twins d) Monochorionic twins Answer: b) Dichorionic twins
80. The “triple-phase” CT scan is most useful for evaluating which type of tumor? a) Hepatocellular carcinoma b) Renal cell carcinoma c) Ovarian cancer d) Pancreatic cancer Answer: a) Hepatocellular carcinoma
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