1. : What is the primary goal of foraging behavior in animals?
(A) To establish social hierarchies
(B) To find and acquire food resources
(C) To reproduce and care for offspring
(D) To defend territory from intruders
2. : What does the “optimal foraging theory” propose?
(A) Animals will select food sources based on their availability
(B) Animals will maximize their foraging efficiency by balancing the costs and benefits of different foraging strategies
(C) Animals will always choose the most energy-rich food sources, regardless of other factors
(D) Animals will only forage during specific times of the day
3. : Which of the following is an example of a “search image”?
(A) A bird using its keen eyesight to locate a specific type of insect among various others
(B) An animal using chemical signals to locate food sources
(C) An animal relying on vocal calls to find food
(D) An animal using physical touch to identify edible plants
4. : What is “food caching”?
(A) The behavior of storing food in one location for future use
(B) The act of consuming food immediately after finding it
(C) The process of sharing food with other members of the group
(D) The behavior of avoiding certain food types to reduce competition
5. : What does “dietary specialization” refer to?
(A) The practice of consuming a variety of food sources
(B) The behavior of focusing on a specific type of food resource
(C) The ability to eat any available food sources
(D) The process of switching food sources based on seasonal availability
6. : What is “optimal patch use” in foraging behavior?
(A) The strategy of avoiding areas with high food availability to reduce competition
(B) The strategy of exploiting food resources in a specific area until the benefits decline before moving to a new area
(C) The behavior of randomly foraging across different areas without any specific pattern
(D) The practice of only foraging in areas where food is evenly distributed
7. : Which factor is NOT typically considered in the “foraging efficiency” of an animal?
(A) The energy gained from consuming the food
(B) The time spent searching for and obtaining the food
(C) The potential for encountering predators while foraging
(D) The color and texture of the food
8. : What does “ambush foraging” involve?
(A) Actively searching for and pursuing prey
(B) Waiting in a concealed position to capture unsuspecting prey that comes close
(C) Foraging in groups to increase the chances of finding food
(D) Grazing on available vegetation without moving
9. : What is “exploitative competition”?
(A) Competition between animals for access to resources that are shared among individuals
(B) Competition where individuals directly interfere with each other’s access to resources
(C) Competition for food resources in a way that maximizes the acquisition of resources
(D) Competition where individuals compete for resources that are not directly related to feeding
10. : In which of the following scenarios would “behavioral flexibility” in foraging be most beneficial?
(A) When food sources are abundant and easily accessible
(B) When the environment is stable and predictable
(C) When food availability is variable and unpredictable
(D) When there are no competing species in the area