1. What is the most common type of adverse reaction to iodinated contrast agents?
A) Cardiac arrhythmia
B) Mild allergic-like reactions
C) Renal failure
D) Seizures
Answer: B) Mild allergic-like reactions
2. Which of the following is a severe allergic reaction to contrast agents? A) Nausea B) Mild rash C) Anaphylaxis D) Dizziness Answer: C) Anaphylaxis
3. What is the primary symptom of contrast-induced nephropathy? A) Decreased kidney function B) Skin rash C) Difficulty breathing D) Chest pain Answer: A) Decreased kidney function
4. Which patients are at higher risk of contrast-induced nephropathy? A) Patients with asthma B) Patients with chronic kidney disease C) Patients with hypertension D) Children Answer: B) Patients with chronic kidney disease
5. Which of the following is considered a mild adverse reaction to contrast agents? A) Itching and hives B) Severe hypotension C) Pulmonary edema D) Seizures Answer: A) Itching and hives
6. How is a severe contrast reaction such as anaphylaxis treated? A) Administration of epinephrine B) Giving oral antihistamines C) Administering IV fluids D) Applying cold compress Answer: A) Administration of epinephrine
7. What is a common symptom of a mild allergic reaction to iodinated contrast? A) Urticaria (hives) B) Pulmonary edema C) Cardiac arrhythmias D) Loss of consciousness Answer: A) Urticaria (hives)
8. Which patient factor increases the risk of an allergic reaction to iodinated contrast agents? A) Diabetes B) History of prior contrast reactions C) Osteoporosis D) Smoking Answer: B) History of prior contrast reactions
9. What is the recommended premedication to reduce the risk of allergic reactions in patients with a known contrast allergy? A) Ibuprofen B) Antihistamines and corticosteroids C) Beta-blockers D) Antibiotics Answer: B) Antihistamines and corticosteroids
10. What adverse reaction is specifically associated with gadolinium-based contrast agents? A) Seizures B) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis C) Urticaria D) Anaphylaxis Answer: B) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
11. Which of the following is a sign of a severe adverse reaction to contrast media? A) Nausea B) Mild headache C) Bronchospasm D) Itching Answer: C) Bronchospasm
12. What is the initial management step for a patient with a mild contrast reaction? A) Observation and supportive care B) Start IV fluids C) Administer epinephrine D) Perform intubation Answer: A) Observation and supportive care
13. What type of reaction can occur in patients with iodine sensitivity after contrast media administration? A) Anaphylactoid reactions B) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis C) Bradycardia D) Hypoglycemia Answer: A) Anaphylactoid reactions
14. What is the recommended treatment for patients experiencing severe hypotension after contrast injection? A) Oral hydration B) Intravenous fluids and vasopressors C) Cold compress D) Antihistamines Answer: B) Intravenous fluids and vasopressors
15. What is the most common respiratory reaction in patients receiving contrast agents? A) Seizures B) Pulmonary edema C) Bronchospasm D) Pneumonia Answer: C) Bronchospasm
16. What condition is defined by a rapid decline in kidney function following contrast exposure? A) Anaphylaxis B) Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) C) Pulmonary edema D) Hypotension Answer: B) Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)
17. Which is a mild symptom that might indicate an adverse reaction to a contrast agent? A) Flushing B) Seizure C) Pulmonary edema D) Anaphylaxis Answer: A) Flushing
18. In which situation should gadolinium contrast be avoided? A) In patients with severe kidney disease B) In patients with diabetes C) In patients with asthma D) In patients with heart failure Answer: A) In patients with severe kidney disease
19. Which of the following is a common delayed reaction to iodinated contrast media? A) Immediate anaphylaxis B) Skin rash C) Renal failure D) Bronchospasm Answer: B) Skin rash
20. How long after contrast administration can delayed adverse reactions typically occur? A) Within 5 minutes B) Within 30 minutes C) Up to 1 week D) 1-2 hours Answer: C) Up to 1 week
21. What is the first-line treatment for bronchospasm caused by a contrast reaction? A) Bronchodilators B) IV fluids C) Antihistamines D) Epinephrine Answer: A) Bronchodilators
22. What is a possible outcome of severe contrast-induced nephropathy? A) Hypertension B) Acute kidney injury C) Pulmonary edema D) Heart attack Answer: B) Acute kidney injury
23. What patient condition increases the risk of developing nephrogenic systemic fibrosis after gadolinium exposure? A) Hypertension B) Chronic kidney disease (CKD) C) Diabetes mellitus D) Osteoporosis Answer: B) Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
24. What symptom typically suggests a mild adverse reaction to contrast media? A) Mild itching B) Cardiac arrest C) Loss of vision D) Pulmonary edema Answer: A) Mild itching
25. What is a common mild side effect of intravenous contrast administration? A) Warm sensation or flushing B) Severe hypotension C) Seizures D) Loss of consciousness Answer: A) Warm sensation or flushing
26. What organ system is primarily affected by contrast-induced nephropathy? A) Liver B) Heart C) Kidneys D) Lungs Answer: C) Kidneys
27. Which of the following is considered a moderate contrast reaction? A) Mild itching B) Severe vomiting C) Warm sensation D) Minor rash Answer: B) Severe vomiting
28. What is a rare but serious reaction to gadolinium-based contrast agents? A) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) B) Nausea C) Rash D) Mild headache Answer: A) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)
29. How soon after contrast administration does contrast-induced nephropathy typically manifest? A) Immediately B) Within 48-72 hours C) 1-2 weeks D) 5-10 minutes Answer: B) Within 48-72 hours
30. What is the treatment of choice for patients with mild contrast reactions like itching? A) Oral antihistamines B) Epinephrine C) IV fluids D) Corticosteroids Answer: A) Oral antihistamines
31. What is the primary concern for patients with a history of multiple myeloma undergoing contrast studies? A) Allergy B) Increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy C) Heart failure D) Seizures Answer: B) Increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy
32. What is a significant risk of repeated exposure to iodinated contrast agents? A) Increased imaging time B) Cumulative kidney damage C) Risk of infection D) Weight gain Answer: B) Cumulative kidney damage
2. Which of the following is a severe allergic reaction to contrast agents? A) Nausea B) Mild rash C) Anaphylaxis D) Dizziness Answer: C) Anaphylaxis
3. What is the primary symptom of contrast-induced nephropathy? A) Decreased kidney function B) Skin rash C) Difficulty breathing D) Chest pain Answer: A) Decreased kidney function
4. Which patients are at higher risk of contrast-induced nephropathy? A) Patients with asthma B) Patients with chronic kidney disease C) Patients with hypertension D) Children Answer: B) Patients with chronic kidney disease
5. Which of the following is considered a mild adverse reaction to contrast agents? A) Itching and hives B) Severe hypotension C) Pulmonary edema D) Seizures Answer: A) Itching and hives
6. How is a severe contrast reaction such as anaphylaxis treated? A) Administration of epinephrine B) Giving oral antihistamines C) Administering IV fluids D) Applying cold compress Answer: A) Administration of epinephrine
7. What is a common symptom of a mild allergic reaction to iodinated contrast? A) Urticaria (hives) B) Pulmonary edema C) Cardiac arrhythmias D) Loss of consciousness Answer: A) Urticaria (hives)
8. Which patient factor increases the risk of an allergic reaction to iodinated contrast agents? A) Diabetes B) History of prior contrast reactions C) Osteoporosis D) Smoking Answer: B) History of prior contrast reactions
9. What is the recommended premedication to reduce the risk of allergic reactions in patients with a known contrast allergy? A) Ibuprofen B) Antihistamines and corticosteroids C) Beta-blockers D) Antibiotics Answer: B) Antihistamines and corticosteroids
10. What adverse reaction is specifically associated with gadolinium-based contrast agents? A) Seizures B) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis C) Urticaria D) Anaphylaxis Answer: B) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
11. Which of the following is a sign of a severe adverse reaction to contrast media? A) Nausea B) Mild headache C) Bronchospasm D) Itching Answer: C) Bronchospasm
12. What is the initial management step for a patient with a mild contrast reaction? A) Observation and supportive care B) Start IV fluids C) Administer epinephrine D) Perform intubation Answer: A) Observation and supportive care
13. What type of reaction can occur in patients with iodine sensitivity after contrast media administration? A) Anaphylactoid reactions B) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis C) Bradycardia D) Hypoglycemia Answer: A) Anaphylactoid reactions
14. What is the recommended treatment for patients experiencing severe hypotension after contrast injection? A) Oral hydration B) Intravenous fluids and vasopressors C) Cold compress D) Antihistamines Answer: B) Intravenous fluids and vasopressors
15. What is the most common respiratory reaction in patients receiving contrast agents? A) Seizures B) Pulmonary edema C) Bronchospasm D) Pneumonia Answer: C) Bronchospasm
16. What condition is defined by a rapid decline in kidney function following contrast exposure? A) Anaphylaxis B) Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) C) Pulmonary edema D) Hypotension Answer: B) Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)
17. Which is a mild symptom that might indicate an adverse reaction to a contrast agent? A) Flushing B) Seizure C) Pulmonary edema D) Anaphylaxis Answer: A) Flushing
18. In which situation should gadolinium contrast be avoided? A) In patients with severe kidney disease B) In patients with diabetes C) In patients with asthma D) In patients with heart failure Answer: A) In patients with severe kidney disease
19. Which of the following is a common delayed reaction to iodinated contrast media? A) Immediate anaphylaxis B) Skin rash C) Renal failure D) Bronchospasm Answer: B) Skin rash
20. How long after contrast administration can delayed adverse reactions typically occur? A) Within 5 minutes B) Within 30 minutes C) Up to 1 week D) 1-2 hours Answer: C) Up to 1 week
21. What is the first-line treatment for bronchospasm caused by a contrast reaction? A) Bronchodilators B) IV fluids C) Antihistamines D) Epinephrine Answer: A) Bronchodilators
22. What is a possible outcome of severe contrast-induced nephropathy? A) Hypertension B) Acute kidney injury C) Pulmonary edema D) Heart attack Answer: B) Acute kidney injury
23. What patient condition increases the risk of developing nephrogenic systemic fibrosis after gadolinium exposure? A) Hypertension B) Chronic kidney disease (CKD) C) Diabetes mellitus D) Osteoporosis Answer: B) Chronic kidney disease (CKD)
24. What symptom typically suggests a mild adverse reaction to contrast media? A) Mild itching B) Cardiac arrest C) Loss of vision D) Pulmonary edema Answer: A) Mild itching
25. What is a common mild side effect of intravenous contrast administration? A) Warm sensation or flushing B) Severe hypotension C) Seizures D) Loss of consciousness Answer: A) Warm sensation or flushing
26. What organ system is primarily affected by contrast-induced nephropathy? A) Liver B) Heart C) Kidneys D) Lungs Answer: C) Kidneys
27. Which of the following is considered a moderate contrast reaction? A) Mild itching B) Severe vomiting C) Warm sensation D) Minor rash Answer: B) Severe vomiting
28. What is a rare but serious reaction to gadolinium-based contrast agents? A) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) B) Nausea C) Rash D) Mild headache Answer: A) Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF)
29. How soon after contrast administration does contrast-induced nephropathy typically manifest? A) Immediately B) Within 48-72 hours C) 1-2 weeks D) 5-10 minutes Answer: B) Within 48-72 hours
30. What is the treatment of choice for patients with mild contrast reactions like itching? A) Oral antihistamines B) Epinephrine C) IV fluids D) Corticosteroids Answer: A) Oral antihistamines
31. What is the primary concern for patients with a history of multiple myeloma undergoing contrast studies? A) Allergy B) Increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy C) Heart failure D) Seizures Answer: B) Increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy
32. What is a significant risk of repeated exposure to iodinated contrast agents? A) Increased imaging time B) Cumulative kidney damage C) Risk of infection D) Weight gain Answer: B) Cumulative kidney damage