Endocrine System MCQs

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1. What is the primary function of aldosterone, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands?
(A) To increase blood glucose levels
(B) To promote growth
(C) To stimulate the immune response
(D) To regulate sodium and potassium balance

2. What is the primary function of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
(A) To regulate blood pressure
(B) To increase blood calcium levels
(C) To decrease blood calcium levels
(D) To regulate the sleep-wake cycle

3. What is the primary role of the antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin?
(A) To regulate blood sugar levels
(B) To stimulate thyroid hormone production
(C) To promote water reabsorption in the kidneys
(D) To regulate calcium levels

4. Which gland is often referred to as the “master gland” of the endocrine system?
(A) Pituitary gland
(B) Adrenal gland
(C) Thyroid gland
(D) Pineal gland

5. Which gland produces adrenaline and norepinephrine, hormones that are involved in the “fight or flight” response?
(A) Thyroid gland
(B) Adrenal gland
(C) Pancreas
(D) Pineal gland

6. Which hormone is involved in regulating the body’s response to stress and inflammation?
(A) Insulin
(B) Cortisol
(C) Adrenaline
(D) Thyroxine

7. Which hormone is involved in the development and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics in females?
(A) Testosterone
(B) Estrogen
(C) Progesterone
(D) FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone)

8. Which hormone is involved in the regulation of the body’s circadian rhythm and is released in response to light?
(A) Cortisol
(B) Melatonin
(C) Progesterone
(D) Testosterone

9. Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism and is produced by the thyroid gland?
(A) Insulin
(B) Cortisol
(C) Thyroxine (T4)
(D) Estrogen

10. Which hormone is released by the ovaries and helps prepare the uterus for pregnancy?
(A) Progesterone
(B) Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
(C) Luteinizing hormone (LH)
(D) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

11. Which hormone is secreted by the pancreas and plays a key role in the regulation of metabolism and digestion?
(A) All of the above
(B) Insulin
(C) Somatostatin
(D) Glucagon

12. Which hormone regulates blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells?
(A) Insulin
(B) Cortisol
(C) Glucagon
(D) Epinephrine

13. Which hormone stimulates the production of milk in the mammary glands?
(A) Prolactin
(B) Oxytocin
(C) Estrogen
(D) Progesterone

14. Which hormone, produced by the adrenal cortex, helps regulate metabolism and stress responses?
(A) Aldosterone
(B) Cortisol
(C) Adrenaline
(D) Norepinephrine

15. Which hormone, produced by the pineal gland, helps regulate sleep patterns?
(A) Cortisol
(B) Serotonin
(C) Melatonin
(D) Aldosterone