Program to update even number into its upper nearest odd number. C++ Program to update even to odd

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Function to update even number to upper nearest odd using pass-by-value
void updateToUpperOddByValue(int num) {
    if (num % 2 == 0) {
        num += 1;
        cout << "Inside updateToUpperOddByValue: " << num << endl;
    }
}

// Function to update even number to upper nearest odd using pass-by-reference
void updateToUpperOddByReference(int &num) {
    if (num % 2 == 0) {
        num += 1;
        cout << "Inside updateToUpperOddByReference: " << num << endl;
    }
}

int main() {
    int x = 8;

    // Update using pass-by-value
    cout << "Before updateToUpperOddByValue: " << x << endl;
    updateToUpperOddByValue(x);
    cout << "After updateToUpperOddByValue: " << x << endl;

    // Update using pass-by-reference
    cout << "Before updateToUpperOddByReference: " << x << endl;
    updateToUpperOddByReference(x);
    cout << "After updateToUpperOddByReference: " << x << endl;

    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

// Function to update even number to upper nearest odd using pass-by-value

void updateToUpperOddByValue(int num) {

if (num % 2 == 0) {

num += 1;

cout << "Inside updateToUpperOddByValue: " << num << endl;

}

// Function to update even number to upper nearest odd using pass-by-reference

void updateToUpperOddByReference(int &num) {

if (num % 2 == 0) {

num += 1;

cout << "Inside updateToUpperOddByReference: " << num << endl;

}

int main() {

int x = 8;

// Update using pass-by-value

cout << "Before updateToUpperOddByValue: " << x << endl;

updateToUpperOddByValue(x);

cout << "After updateToUpperOddByValue: " << x << endl;

// Update using pass-by-reference

cout << "Before updateToUpperOddByReference: " << x << endl;

updateToUpperOddByReference(x);

cout << "After updateToUpperOddByReference: " << x << endl;

return 0;

}

Explanation

updateToUpperOddByValue Function:
- This function takes an integer as a parameter by value.
- It checks if the number is even (i.e., divisible by 2), and if so, it increments the number by 1 to make it odd.
- Since the function uses pass-by-value, changes made inside the function do not affect the original variable.
updateToUpperOddByReference Function:
- This function takes an integer as a parameter by reference.
- It checks if the number is even, and if so, it increments the number by 1 to make it odd.
- Since the function uses pass-by-reference, changes made inside the function directly affect the original variable.

Output

Before updateToUpperOddByValue: 8
Inside updateToUpperOddByValue: 9
After updateToUpperOddByValue: 8

Before updateToUpperOddByReference: 8
Inside updateToUpperOddByReference: 9
After updateToUpperOddByReference: 9

Before updateToUpperOddByValue: 8

Inside updateToUpperOddByValue: 9

After updateToUpperOddByValue: 8

Before updateToUpperOddByReference: 8

Inside updateToUpperOddByReference: 9

After updateToUpperOddByReference: 9

Key Points

Pass-by-Value: The original value of x remains unchanged after the function call.
Pass-by-Reference: The original value of x is updated to the nearest upper odd number after the function call.

Explanation

Output

Key Points

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