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Chemical formula of glucose

The Chemical formula of glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆.

Characteristics of glucose

Characteristic	Description
Chemical formula	C6H12O6
Molecular weight	180.16 g/mol
Type of molecule	Monosaccharide
Solubility	Highly soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol
Taste	Sweet
Color	Colorless
Melting point	146-150°C
Boiling point	553°C
Optical rotation	+52.5° (α-D-glucose)
Density	1.54 g/cm³
Primary function in body	Primary source of energy for cellular respiration
Sources in diet	Fruits, vegetables, honey, and some grains
Common medical test	Blood glucose test
Associated medical condition	Diabetes mellitus

Reaction of glucose with Alkali Metal

Alkali Metal	Reaction with Glucose	Product
Lithium (Li)	2 Li + C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2 LiOH + C₆H₁₀O₆	Lithium hydroxide ,gluconic acid
Sodium (Na)	2 Na + C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2 NaOH + C₆H₁₀O6	Sodium hydroxide ,gluconic acid
Potassium (K)	2 K + C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2 KOH + C₆H₁₀O₆	Potassium hydroxide ,gluconic acid
Rubidium (Rb)	2 Rb + C₆H₁₂O₆→ 2 RbOH + C₆H₁₀O₆	Rubidium hydroxide ,gluconic acid
Cesium (Cs)	2 Cs + C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2 CsOH + C₆H₁₀O₆	Cesium hydroxide ,gluconic acid

Reaction of glucose with Alkaline Earth Metal

Alkaline Earth Metal	Reaction with Glucose	Product
Beryllium (Be)	No reaction	No product
Magnesium (Mg)	No reaction	No product
Calcium (Ca)	Ca + C₆H₁₂O₆ → Ca(OH)₂ + C₆H₁₀O₆ + Heat	Calcium hydroxide ,gluconic acid
Strontium (Sr)	Sr + C₆H₁₂O₆ → Sr(OH)₂+ C₆H₁₀O₆ + Heat	Strontium hydroxide ,gluconic acid
Barium (Ba)	Ba + C₆H₁₂O₆ → Ba(OH)₂ + C₆H₁₀O₆ + Heat	Barium hydroxide ,gluconic acid

Reaction of glucose with Transition Metal

Transition Metal	Reaction with Glucose	Product
Copper (Cu)	Cu + C₆H₁₂O₆ → Cu₂O + C₆H₁₀O₆	Cuprous oxide ,gluconic acid
Iron (Fe)	4 Fe + 3 C₆H₁₂O₆ → Fe₃O₄ + 3 C₆H₁₀O₆ + 2 H₂O + Heat	Iron(II,III) oxide, gluconic acid, ,water
Silver (Ag)	4 Ag + C₆H₁₂O₆ → 4 Ag₂O + C₆H₁₀O₆	Silver oxide ,gluconic acid

Reaction of glucose with Post-Transition Metal

Post-Transition Metal	Reaction with Glucose	Product
Aluminum (Al)	4 Al + 3 C₆H₁₂O₆ + 18 H₂O → 4 Al(OH)₃ + 3 CH₃COOH	Aluminum hydroxide, acetic acid, ,gluconic acid
Zinc (Zn)	Zn + C₆H₁₂O₆ → Zn(OH)₂ + C₆H₁₀O₆	Zinc hydroxide ,gluconic acid
Tin (Sn)	Sn + 2 C₆H₁₂O₆ → SnO₂+ 2 C₆H₁₀O₆ + Heat	Tin oxide ,gluconic acid
Lead (Pb)	Pb + C₆H₁₂O₆ → PbO + C6H₁₀O₆ + Heat	Lead oxide ,gluconic acid
Bismuth (Bi)	No reaction	No product

Reaction of glucose with Non-Metal

Non-Metal	Reaction with Glucose	Product
Nitrogen	C₆H₁₂O₆+ 6 HNO₃→ 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + 6 NO₂ + Heat	Carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen dioxide, ,heat
Chlorine	C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 Cl₂→ 6 HCl + 6 CO₂ + Heat	Hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide, ,heat
Oxygen	C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O2 → 6 CO₂+ 6 H₂O + Heat	Carbon dioxide, water, ,heat
Sulfur	C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 H₂SO₄→ 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + 6 SO₂ + Heat	Carbon dioxide, water, sulfur dioxide, ,heat
Phosphorus	C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 H₃PO₄ → 6 CO₂ + 18 H₂O + Heat	Carbon dioxide, water, ,phosphoric acid
Iodine	C₆H₁₂O₆+ 6 I₂ → 6 HI + 6 CO₂ + Heat	Hydrogen iodide, carbon dioxide, ,heat
Fluorine	C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 F₂ → 6 HF + 6 CO₂+ Heat	Hydrogen fluoride, carbon dioxide, ,heat

Reaction of glucose with Metalloid

Metalloid	Reaction with Glucose	Product
Boron	No reaction	No product
Silicon	C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 SiO₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + SiC + Heat	Carbon dioxide, water, silicon carbide, ,heat
Germanium	C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 Ge → 6 CO₂+ 6 H₂O + GeO₂ + Heat	Carbon dioxide, water, germanium dioxide, ,heat
Arsenic	C₆H₁₂O₆+ 6 As → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + As₂O₃ + Heat	Carbon dioxide, water, arsenic trioxide, ,heat
Antimony	2 C₆H₁₂O₆ + 9 Sb₂O₃ → 12 CO₂ + 18 H₂O + 9 Sb + Heat	Carbon dioxide, water, antimony, ,heat
Tellurium	C₆H₁₂O₆ + 3 Te → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + TeO2 + Heat	Carbon dioxide, water, tellurium dioxide, ,heat

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