1. What is the primary requirement of real-time systems in medical devices?
(A) High storage capacity
(B) Timely and correct response
(C) Low manufacturing cost
(D) Graphical user interface
2. Which medical device is considered a hard real-time system?
(A) Hospital management software
(B) Medical image archive system
(C) Appointment scheduling system
(D) Pacemaker
3. Missing a deadline in a medical real-time system can result in:
(A) Minor delay
(B) Reduced performance
(C) Catastrophic consequences
(D) Increased memory usage
4. Which sensor is commonly used to measure heart rate?
(A) Temperature sensor
(B) ECG sensor
(C) Pressure sensor
(D) Oxygen sensor
5. Real-time operating systems in medical devices must emphasize:
(A) Multimedia support
(B) Gaming performance
(C) Virtualization
(D) Determinism
6. Which device continuously monitors blood glucose levels?
(A) ECG monitor
(B) Defibrillator
(C) Infusion pump
(D) Continuous glucose monitor
7. In medical devices, safety-critical tasks usually have:
(A) Low priority
(B) Highest priority
(C) No priority
(D) Medium priority
8. Which scheduling algorithm is suitable for life-critical medical tasks?
(A) Earliest Deadline First
(B) First-Come-First-Serve
(C) Round-robin
(D) Lottery scheduling
9. Which medical device delivers controlled doses of medication?
(A) Pacemaker
(B) Infusion pump
(C) Ventilator
(D) MRI scanner
10. A ventilator primarily assists with:
(A) Blood circulation
(B) Drug delivery
(C) Heart rhythm control
(D) Breathing support
11. Which real-time constraint is most critical in medical imaging systems?
(A) Throughput
(B) Latency
(C) File size
(D) Compression ratio
12. Formal verification in medical devices is used to:
(A) Improve graphics
(B) Reduce power consumption
(C) Ensure correctness and safety
(D) Increase speed
13. Which logic is commonly used to specify safety properties?
(A) Propositional logic
(B) Fuzzy logic
(C) Predicate logic
(D) Temporal logic
14. Which medical device requires strict timing to regulate heartbeat?
(A) MRI machine
(B) Pacemaker
(C) Ultrasound scanner
(D) CT scanner
15. In medical real-time systems, fault tolerance is important because:
(A) Devices are expensive
(B) Software is complex
(C) Human life is involved
(D) Power consumption is high
16. Which type of deadline violation is unacceptable in medical devices?
(A) Hard deadline miss
(B) Firm deadline miss
(C) Soft deadline miss
(D) Optional deadline miss
17. Which communication protocol is commonly used in medical embedded systems?
(A) Bluetooth Low Energy
(B) HDMI
(C) SATA
(D) VGA
18. What does FDA certification mainly ensure for medical devices?
(A) High speed
(B) Safety and effectiveness
(C) Low cost
(D) Market popularity
19. Which component executes control algorithms in medical devices?
(A) Controller
(B) Actuator
(C) Sensor
(D) Display
20. Which medical system continuously monitors vital signs?
(A) X-ray system
(B) Medical database
(C) Patient monitoring system
(D) Billing system
21. Real-time alarms in medical devices must be:
(A) Optional
(B) Predictable
(C) Delayed
(D) Random
22. Which device delivers an electric shock to restore heart rhythm?
(A) Defibrillator
(B) ECG monitor
(C) Pacemaker
(D) Infusion pump
23. Which testing ensures device behavior under worst-case conditions?
(A) Unit testing
(B) Usability testing
(C) Stress testing
(D) Regression testing
24. Which real-time property ensures system continues operation despite faults?
(A) Reliability
(B) Availability
(C) Fault tolerance
(D) Scalability
25. Which sensor measures blood oxygen saturation?
(A) ECG sensor
(B) Pressure sensor
(C) Temperature sensor
(D) SpO₂ sensor
26. Which medical device uses real-time imaging for diagnosis?
(A) Glucometer
(B) Infusion pump
(C) Pacemaker
(D) MRI scanner
27. In medical real-time systems, jitter refers to:
(A) Timing variation
(B) Mechanical vibration
(C) Sensor noise
(D) Power fluctuation
28. Which control strategy adjusts output based on feedback?
(A) Closed-loop control
(B) Manual control
(C) Open-loop control
(D) Offline control
29. Which international standard focuses on medical device software?
(A) ISO 9001
(B) IEC 62304
(C) IEEE 802.11
(D) POSIX
30. Which medical device assists insulin delivery?
(A) Insulin pump
(B) Dialysis machine
(C) Ventilator
(D) ECG monitor
31. Real-time data acquisition in medical devices requires:
(A) Batch processing
(B) Cloud storage
(C) Large databases
(D) Predictable sampling
32. Which system failure can directly endanger a patient?
(A) Display failure
(B) Logging failure
(C) Backup failure
(D) Control system failure
33. Which medical device monitors brain activity?
(A) ECG
(B) EEG
(C) EMG
(D) EOG
34. Which verification technique mathematically proves correctness?
(A) Formal verification
(B) Testing
(C) Simulation
(D) Debugging
35. Which scheduling policy assigns fixed priorities?
(A) EDF
(B) Round-robin
(C) Rate Monotonic Scheduling
(D) FCFS
36. Which real-time feature prevents task interference?
(A) Task isolation
(B) Memory paging
(C) File caching
(D) Compression
37. Which device filters blood in patients with kidney failure?
(A) Ventilator
(B) Pacemaker
(C) Dialysis machine
(D) Defibrillator
38. Which medical system requires continuous feedback control?
(A) Infusion pump
(B) Medical billing system
(C) Image archive
(D) Appointment system
39. Which factor is most critical in wearable medical devices?
(A) Screen size
(B) Keyboard size
(C) Color quality
(D) Battery life
40. Which real-time system property ensures predictable execution time?
(A) Determinism
(B) Flexibility
(C) Portability
(D) Scalability
41. Which medical device assists patients with breathing during surgery?
(A) ECG monitor
(B) Ventilator
(C) Infusion pump
(D) Ultrasound
42. In medical systems, redundancy is used to improve:
(A) Speed
(B) Safety
(C) Accuracy
(D) Graphics
43. Which communication delay is most dangerous in medical devices?
(A) Unbounded delay
(B) Predictable delay
(C) Minor latency
(D) Fixed delay
44. Which real-time task monitors patient vitals continuously?
(A) Background task
(B) Periodic task
(C) Aperiodic task
(D) Sporadic task
45. Which medical device uses ultrasound waves?
(A) MRI scanner
(B) CT scanner
(C) X-ray machine
(D) Ultrasound machine
46. Which real-time system failure affects diagnosis accuracy?
(A) Sensor failure
(B) Storage failure
(C) Network failure
(D) Printer failure
47. Which control mechanism adjusts drug flow automatically?
(A) Closed-loop control
(B) Open-loop control
(C) Manual control
(D) Offline control
48. Which medical device requires millisecond-level timing accuracy?
(A) Hospital database
(B) Pacemaker
(C) Medical record system
(D) Pharmacy system
49. Which property ensures tasks meet deadlines under worst-case conditions?
(A) Usability
(B) Modularity
(C) Schedulability
(D) Reusability
50. The main goal of real-time systems in medical devices is to ensure:
(A) High profit
(B) Fast computation only
(C) Patient safety and reliability
(D) Attractive design