1. What is the primary goal of Software-Defined Networking (SDN)?
(A) To centralize network management
(B) To decentralize network control
(C) To limit network scalability
(D) To increase network latency
2. Which layer of the OSI model does SDN primarily focus on?
(A) Physical layer
(B) Data link layer
(C) Network layer
(D) Application layer
3. Which protocol is commonly used in SDN architectures to communicate between the control plane and the data plane?
(A) TCP
(B) UDP
(C) OpenFlow
(D) HTTP
4. What role does the SDN controller play in a Software-Defined Networking environment?
(A) It manages physical network devices
(B) It handles data forwarding decisions
(C) It centralizes network intelligence and control
(D) It ensures data privacy and security
5. Which SDN architecture separates the control plane from the data plane and manages the network centrally?
(A) Virtual Networking
(B) Overlay Networking
(C) OpenFlow
(D) OpenStack
6. In SDN, what component is responsible for forwarding data packets based on instructions from the SDN controller?
(A) OpenFlow switch
(B) Router
(C) Firewall
(D) Load balancer
7. Which organization developed the OpenFlow protocol widely used in SDN environments?
(A) Cisco
(B) VMware
(C) Google
(D) Open Networking Foundation (ONF)
8. Which SDN concept allows network administrators to define and manage network behavior dynamically through software rather than configuring individual devices?
(A) Network Function Virtualization (NFV)
(B) Centralized Control
(C) Programmability
(D) Virtualization
9. Which SDN component is responsible for translating high-level network policies set by administrators into specific network configuration commands?
(A) SDN controller
(B) Data plane
(C) Northbound API
(D) Southbound API
10. Which technology enables SDN to separate the forwarding plane from the control plane in network devices?
(A) Virtualization
(B) Overlay networks
(C) OpenFlow
(D) MPLS
11. Which SDN approach utilizes virtual switches and controllers to create virtual networks on top of physical networks?
(A) Overlay SDN
(B) Underlay SDN
(C) Hybrid SDN
(D) Integrated SDN
12. Which SDN architecture integrates traditional networking technologies with SDN principles?
(A) Overlay SDN
(B) Underlay SDN
(C) Hybrid SDN
(D) Integrated SDN
13. Which SDN component communicates with network devices such as switches and routers to instruct them on how to handle data packets?
(A) Northbound API
(B) Southbound API
(C) SDN controller
(D) OpenFlow switch
14. Which SDN characteristic allows for faster deployment and configuration changes compared to traditional networking approaches?
(A) Centralized control
(B) Programmability
(C) OpenFlow protocol
(D) Network abstraction
15. Which SDN concept allows for the dynamic allocation of network resources based on application demand?
(A) Network Function Virtualization (NFV)
(B) Scalability
(C) Elasticity
(D) Quality of Service (QoS)
16. Which technology is essential for SDN to efficiently handle and route traffic across a network?
(A) MPLS
(B) OpenFlow
(C) VPN
(D) IPsec
17. Which SDN feature allows administrators to define and enforce security policies across the network from a centralized location?
(A) Quality of Service (QoS)
(B) Traffic Engineering
(C) Network Segmentation
(D) Policy-Based Routing
18. Which SDN architecture focuses on optimizing traffic flow and ensuring efficient use of network resources?
(A) Underlay SDN
(B) Overlay SDN
(C) Centralized SDN
(D) Traffic Engineering
19. Which SDN technology enables network administrators to partition their physical network into multiple virtual networks for better resource utilization?
(A) Network Function Virtualization (NFV)
(B) Network Slicing
(C) MPLS
(D) IPsec
20. Which SDN characteristic allows for easier troubleshooting and monitoring of network activities?
(A) Centralized management
(B) Traffic engineering
(C) Quality of Service (QoS)
(D) Network abstraction