The chemical formula of aluminum chloride is AlCl3.
Physical Properties of Aluminum Chloride:
| Properties | Details |
| Appearance | White to pale yellow crystalline solid |
| Boiling Point | 178 °C (352 °F) |
| Density | 2.48 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 190.7 °C (375.3 °F) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Solubility | Highly soluble in water |
| State of Matter | Solid |
Chemical Properties of Aluminum Chloride:
| Properties | Details |
| Acidity | Forms acidic solutions in water |
| Chemical Formula | AlCl₃ |
| Dissociation | Dissociates into Al³⁺ and Cl⁻ ions in water |
| Hygroscopicity | Highly hygroscopic (absorbs water from air) |
| Lewis Acid | Strong Lewis acid, capable of accepting electrons |
| Oxidizing Agent | Strong oxidizing agent |
| Reactivity | Highly reactive with water and moisture |
Reaction of aluminium chloride with Alkali Metal
| Alkali Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Aluminum Chloride |
| Lithium | Li | 2 Li + AlCl3 → 2 LiCl + Al |
| Sodium | Na | 6 Na + 2 AlCl3→ 2 Al + 3 NaCl |
| Potassium | K | 8 K + 2 AlCl3→ 2 Al + 3 KCl |
| Rubidium | Rb | 10 Rb + 2 AlCl3→ 2 Al + 3 RbCl |
| Cesium | Cs | 2 Cs + AlCl3→ 2 CsCl + Al |
| Francium | Fr | No data available |
Reaction of aluminium chloride with Alkaline Earth Metal
| Alkaline Earth Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Aluminum Chloride |
| Beryllium | Be | BeCl2 + AlCl3→ AlCl4- + BeCl2 |
| Magnesium | Mg | Mg + 2 AlCl3 → 2 AlCl2- + MgCl2 |
| Calcium | Ca | Ca + 2 AlCl3→ 2 AlCl2- + CaCl2 |
| Strontium | Sr | Sr + 2 AlCl3→ 2 AlCl2- + SrCl2 |
| Barium | Ba | Ba + 2 AlCl3 → 2 AlCl2- + BaCl2 |
| Radium | Ra | No data available |
Reaction of aluminium chloride with Transition Metal
| Transition Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Aluminum Chloride |
| Scandium | Sc | Sc + 2 AlCl3→ ScCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Titanium | Ti | TiCl4 + 2 AlCl3→ TiCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Vanadium | V | VCl4 + 2 AlCl3→ VCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Chromium | Cr | CrCl3 + 2 AlCl3→ CrCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Manganese | Mn | MnCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ MnCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Iron | Fe | FeCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ FeCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Cobalt | Co | CoCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ CoCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Nickel | Ni | NiCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ NiCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Copper | Cu | CuCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ CuCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Zinc | Zn | ZnCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ ZnCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Yttrium | Y | YCl3 + 2 AlCl3→ YCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Zirconium | Zr | ZrCl4 + 2 AlCl3→ ZrCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Niobium | Nb | NbCl5 + 2 AlCl3→ NbCl3 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Molybdenum | Mo | MoCl5 + 2 AlCl3→ MoCl3 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Technetium | Tc | No data available |
| Ruthenium | Ru | RuCl3 + 2 AlCl3→ RuCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Rhodium | Rh | RhCl3 + 2 AlCl3→ RhCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Palladium | Pd | PdCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ PdCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Silver | Ag | AgCl + 2 AlCl3→ AgCl–AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Cadmium | Cd | CdCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ CdCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Hafnium | Hf | HfCl4 + 2 AlCl3→ HfCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Tantalum | Ta | TaCl5 + 2 AlCl3→ TaCl3 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Tungsten | W | WCl6 + 2 AlCl3→ WCl4 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Rhenium | Re | ReCl5 + 2 AlCl3→ ReCl3 |
Reaction of aluminium chloride with Non-Transition Metal
| Non-Transition Metal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Aluminum Chloride |
| Boron | B | B2O3 + 6 AlCl3 → 2BCl3 + 3Al2O3 |
| Carbon | C | No product |
| Nitrogen | N | No product |
| Oxygen | O | No product |
| Fluorine | F | 2 AlCl3+ 6 HF → 2 AlF3 + 6 HCl |
| Neon | Ne | No product |
| Sodium | Na | 2 Na + 2 AlCl3→ 2 NaCl + Al2Cl6 |
| Magnesium | Mg | Mg + 2 AlCl3→ MgCl2 + 2 AlCl2- |
| Aluminum | Al | AlCl3+ Al → Al2Cl6 |
| Silicon | Si | SiCl4 + 2 AlCl3→ SiCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Phosphorus | P | 2 PCl3 + 3 AlCl3→ 2 AlCl3-PCl3 + 3 Cl2 |
| Sulfur | S | SCl4 + 2 AlCl3→ SCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Chlorine | Cl | No product |
| Argon | Ar | No product |
| Potassium | K | 2 K + 2 AlCl3→ 2 KCl + Al2Cl6 |
| Calcium | Ca | Ca + 2 AlCl3→ CaCl2 + 2 AlCl2- |
| Scandium | Sc | Sc + 2 AlCl3→ ScCl2 + 2 AlCl2- |
| Titanium | Ti | TiCl4 + 2 AlCl3→ TiCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Vanadium | V | VCl4 + 2 AlCl3→ VCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Chromium | Cr | CrCl3 + 2 AlCl3→ CrCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Manganese | Mn | MnCl2 + 2 AlCl3 → MnCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Iron | Fe | FeCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ FeCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Cobalt | Co | CoCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ CoCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Nickel | Ni | NiCl2 + 2 AlCl3 → NiCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Copper | Cu | CuCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ CuCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Zinc | Zn | ZnCl2 + 2 AlCl3→ ZnCl2-AlCl3 + AlCl4- |
| Gallium | Ga | 2 GaCl3 + 3 AlCl3→ 5 GaCl2 + 6 AlCl4- |
Reaction of aluminium chloride with Nonmetal
| Nonmetal | Chemical Symbol | Reaction with Aluminum Chloride |
| Hydrogen | H | AlCl3+ 3 H2 → AlH3 + 3 HCl |
| Boron | B | B2O3 + 6 AlCl3→ 2 BCl3 + 3 Al2O3 |
| Carbon | C | C + 2 AlCl3→ CCl4 + 2 AlCl2- |
| Nitrogen | N | AlCl3+ N2H4 → AlCl3-N2H4 |
| Oxygen | O | AlCl3 + 3 H2O → Al(OH)3 + 3 HCl |
| Fluorine | F | 2 AlCl3 + 6 HF → 2 AlF3 + 6 HCl |
| Neon | Ne | No product |
| Phosphorus | P | 2 PCl3 + 3 AlCl3→ 2 AlCl3-PCl3 + 3 Cl2 |
| Sulfur | S | SCl4 + 2 AlCl3→ SCl2 + 2 AlCl4- |
| Chlorine | Cl | AlCl3+ 3 Cl2 → AlCl3-Cl3 |
| Argon | Ar | No product |
| Selenium | Se | No product |
| Bromine | Br | AlBr3 + 3 Br2 → AlBr3-Br3 |
| Iodine | I | AlI3 + 3 I2 → AlI3-I3 |