1. Which of the following is considered a superficial heating modality?
(A) Ultrasound
(B) Hot packs
(C) Shortwave diathermy
(D) Interferential therapy
2. Cryotherapy primarily works by:
(A) Increasing circulation
(B) Decreasing nerve conduction velocity
(C) Increasing tissue extensibility
(D) Stimulating muscle contraction
3. Which modality uses high-frequency sound waves to generate heat in tissues?
(A) Microwave diathermy
(B) Ultrasound therapy
(C) Infrared radiation
(D) TENS
4. Which of the following is a contraindication for cryotherapy?
(A) Acute injury
(B) Muscle spasm
(C) Raynaud’s disease
(D) Joint sprain
5. Paraffin wax bath is mainly used for:
(A) Large muscle groups
(B) Irregular surfaces like hands
(C) Deep joint capsules
(D) Cardiac conditions
6. Contrast bath therapy involves alternating:
(A) Massage and exercise
(B) Hot and cold water immersion
(C) Electrical stimulation and ultrasound
(D) Stretching and strengthening
7. Which therapeutic modality is best for increasing joint mobility in chronic arthritis?
(A) Cryotherapy
(B) Heat therapy
(C) Immobilization
(D) Cold packs
8. Infrared radiation therapy works primarily by:
(A) Conduction
(B) Convection
(C) Radiation
(D) Evaporation
9. Which modality is commonly used for pain modulation?
(A) TENS
(B) Shortwave diathermy
(C) Hydrotherapy
(D) Ultrasound
10. Which of the following is a deep heating modality?
(A) Hot pack
(B) Paraffin wax
(C) Shortwave diathermy
(D) Infrared lamp
11. Cryokinetics combines cold therapy with:
(A) Electrical stimulation
(B) Massage
(C) Exercise
(D) Ultrasound
12. Which therapeutic modality uses buoyancy, resistance, and hydrostatic pressure?
(A) Ultrasound
(B) Hydrotherapy
(C) Cryotherapy
(D) Infrared therapy
13. Ice massage is best indicated for:
(A) Large muscle soreness
(B) Localized injury or trigger points
(C) Chronic joint stiffness
(D) General relaxation
14. Which of the following modalities promotes wound healing using low-intensity current?
(A) TENS
(B) Microcurrent therapy
(C) Cryotherapy
(D) Paraffin bath
15. Which of the following is a contraindication for thermotherapy?
(A) Muscle spasm
(B) Chronic arthritis
(C) Acute inflammation
(D) Joint stiffness
16. Which therapeutic modality is best for edema reduction in the acute phase?
(A) Heat therapy
(B) Cryotherapy
(C) Diathermy
(D) Ultrasound
17. Which of the following is an example of a conductive heat transfer modality?
(A) Hot pack
(B) Whirlpool bath
(C) Infrared radiation
(D) Ultrasound
18. Which modality can increase collagen extensibility in tendons and ligaments?
(A) Ultrasound
(B) Cryotherapy
(C) Cold pack
(D) TENS
19. Fluidotherapy primarily uses:
(A) Heated wax
(B) Heated air with solid particles
(C) Cold water
(D) Infrared light
20. Which modality is commonly used before stretching tight muscles?
(A) Cryotherapy
(B) Thermotherapy
(C) TENS
(D) Iontophoresis
21. Which of the following is an effect of cryotherapy?
(A) Vasodilation
(B) Increased nerve conduction
(C) Vasoconstriction
(D) Increased tissue extensibility
22. The main mechanism of therapeutic ultrasound is:
(A) Electrical stimulation
(B) Sound wave vibration
(C) Thermal conduction
(D) Light absorption
23. Which therapeutic modality is most suitable for muscle relaxation?
(A) Heat therapy
(B) Cryotherapy
(C) Electrical stimulation
(D) Cold spray
24. Iontophoresis uses:
(A) Light energy
(B) Electrical current for drug delivery
(C) Sound waves
(D) Thermal energy
25. Which modality is effective for reducing delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)?
(A) Cold therapy
(B) Heat therapy
(C) Diathermy
(D) TENS
26. The whirlpool bath provides heating through:
(A) Radiation
(B) Convection
(C) Conduction
(D) Evaporation
27. Which therapy combines ultrasound with electrical stimulation?
(A) Cryokinetics
(B) Combination therapy
(C) Hydrotherapy
(D) Thermotherapy
28. Which of the following is NOT a thermal modality?
(A) Infrared radiation
(B) Hot packs
(C) Ice packs
(D) Shortwave diathermy
29. Which modality uses high-frequency electromagnetic waves?
(A) Ultrasound
(B) Shortwave diathermy
(C) Infrared lamp
(D) Cryotherapy
30. Which therapeutic modality promotes tissue healing through increased circulation?
(A) Thermotherapy
(B) Cryotherapy
(C) Electrical stimulation
(D) Immobilization
31. Which modality is indicated for muscle spasm reduction?
(A) Ice pack
(B) Moist heat pack
(C) Paraffin bath
(D) Ultrasound
32. Which of the following is a contraindication for hydrotherapy?
(A) Arthritis
(B) Wound care
(C) Open infection
(D) Post-fracture stiffness
33. Vapocoolant spray is mainly used for:
(A) Reducing swelling
(B) Trigger point release and stretching
(C) Deep heating
(D) Joint mobilization
34. Which of the following is an effect of superficial heat therapy?
(A) Decreased metabolic rate
(B) Vasodilation
(C) Decreased elasticity
(D) Decreased circulation
35. Which therapeutic modality is best used immediately after an acute ankle sprain?
(A) Hot pack
(B) Cold pack
(C) Ultrasound
(D) Paraffin bath
36. Which of the following is an effect of thermotherapy?
(A) Increased pain
(B) Decreased collagen extensibility
(C) Increased circulation
(D) Vasoconstriction
37. Which therapy uses immersion in warm water with turbulence for relaxation?
(A) Paraffin therapy
(B) Whirlpool bath
(C) Cryokinetics
(D) Infrared therapy
38. Which modality is most suitable for chronic lower back pain?
(A) Cold pack
(B) Moist heat pack
(C) Ice massage
(D) Vapocoolant spray
39. Which therapeutic modality has both thermal and non-thermal effects?
(A) Ultrasound
(B) Infrared therapy
(C) Cold pack
(D) Vapocoolant spray
40. Which is a contraindication for the use of shortwave diathermy?
(A) Muscle strain
(B) Metal implants
(C) Joint stiffness
(D) Chronic pain
41. Which therapeutic modality uses light energy for treatment?
(A) Hydrotherapy
(B) Cryotherapy
(C) Infrared therapy
(D) Ultrasound
42. Which modality is most effective in reducing spasticity temporarily?
(A) Heat therapy
(B) Cold therapy
(C) Diathermy
(D) Hydrotherapy
43. Which modality is best for hand osteoarthritis?
(A) Paraffin wax bath
(B) Cold pack
(C) Vapocoolant spray
(D) Cryokinetics
44. Which of the following modalities can improve tissue oxygenation?
(A) Cryotherapy
(B) Thermotherapy
(C) Immobilization
(D) Ice massage
45. Which of the following is an example of a radiation-based heating modality?
(A) Hot pack
(B) Infrared lamp
(C) Whirlpool bath
(D) Paraffin bath
46. Which modality is best for desensitization in hypersensitive scars?
(A) Cryotherapy
(B) Fluidotherapy
(C) Ultrasound
(D) Cold spray
47. Which modality is particularly useful for chronic tendonitis?
(A) Cold pack
(B) Ultrasound
(C) Vapocoolant spray
(D) Hydrotherapy
48. Which of the following is the primary physiological effect of cryotherapy?
(A) Vasodilation
(B) Vasoconstriction
(C) Increased metabolism
(D) Increased tissue elasticity
49. Which therapy modality uses electromagnetic waves for heating tissues?
(A) Shortwave diathermy
(B) TENS
(C) Ultrasound
(D) Hydrotherapy
50. Which modality provides both sensory stimulation and pain relief?
(A) Hot pack
(B) TENS
(C) Paraffin wax bath
(D) Whirlpool bath