1. : Which of the following is considered an emerging infectious disease?
(A) Tuberculosis
(B) Malaria
(C) Ebola virus disease
(D) Measles
2. : What is a primary factor contributing to the re-emergence of infectious diseases like tuberculosis and measles?
(A) Improved vaccination rates
(B) Increased global travel
(C) Enhanced public health infrastructure
(D) Effective antibiotics
3. : Which of the following viruses is known for causing severe respiratory illness and emerged as a global health threat in 2003?
(A) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)
(B) Hantavirus
(C) Ebola virus
(D) West Nile virus
4. : Which zoonotic disease, transmitted by ticks, has recently increased in incidence and is caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi?
(A) Lyme disease
(B) Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome
(C) Rift Valley fever
(D) Leptospirosis
5. : Which factor is NOT typically associated with the emergence of infectious diseases?
(A) Climate change
(B) Urbanization and deforestation
(C) Antimicrobial resistance
(D) Consistent vaccination programs
6. : Which disease, once eradicated, has seen re-emergence in recent years due to vaccine coverage gaps?
(A) Smallpox
(B) Polio
(C) Cholera
(D) Tuberculosis
7. : What is the primary mode of transmission for the Zika virus, an emerging infectious disease?
(A) Airborne droplets
(B) Contaminated food and water
(C) Mosquito bites
(D) Direct contact with bodily fluids
8. : Which disease is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae and has seen a resurgence in some regions despite being largely controlled in the past?
(A) Leprosy
(B) Syphilis
(C) Tuberculosis
(D) Plague
9. : Which of the following is a key strategy for preventing the spread of emerging infectious diseases?
(A) Ignoring travel restrictions
(B) Enhanced global surveillance and early detection
(C) Reducing research on vaccines
(D) Restricting international trade
10. : Which viral disease, transmitted through contaminated food and water, has been associated with large outbreaks in developing countries and has seen re-emergence in recent years?
(A) Hepatitis A
(B) Influenza
(C) HIV/AIDS
(D) Norovirus
11. : What is a significant challenge in controlling emerging infectious diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria?
(A) Lack of public awareness
(B) Limited effectiveness of current antibiotics
(C) Excessive use of vaccines
(D) High cost of public health measures
12. : Which respiratory virus was identified in late 2019 and led to a global pandemic?
(A) SARS-CoV-2
(B) MERS-CoV
(C) Influenza A
(D) RSV
13. : Which condition is primarily linked to the re-emergence of vector-borne diseases like dengue fever and chikungunya?
(A) Improved vector control programs
(B) Urbanization and climate change
(C) Decreased travel to endemic areas
(D) Increased vaccination rates
14. : Which fungal infection, often associated with immunocompromised individuals, has recently gained attention due to increased incidence in healthcare settings?
(A) Candidiasis
(B) Aspergillosis
(C) Histoplasmosis
(D) Cryptococcosis
15. : What is a common method to control the spread of re-emerging infectious diseases in the community?
(A) Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics
(B) Public education on preventive measures
(C) Restricting healthcare access
(D) Limiting travel to affected areas