1. The shoulder joint is classified as a:
(A) Ball-and-socket joint
(B) Hinge joint
(C) Pivot joint
(D) Saddle joint
2. The primary movements of the shoulder include:
(A) Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal and external rotation
(B) Only flexion and extension
(C) Only abduction and adduction
(D) Only circumduction
3. The rotator cuff muscles include:
(A) Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
(B) Deltoid only
(C) Biceps and triceps
(D) Pectoralis major only
4. The glenohumeral joint allows:
(A) Wide range of motion but less stability
(B) High stability with limited motion
(C) Only flexion and extension
(D) Only abduction
5. The scapulothoracic joint is a:
(A) Functional articulation
(B) True synovial joint
(C) Hinge joint
(D) Pivot joint
6. Scapulohumeral rhythm refers to:
(A) Coordinated movement of the scapula and humerus during arm elevation
(B) Rotation of elbow only
(C) Wrist flexion
(D) Shoulder flexion only
7. The ratio of glenohumeral to scapulothoracic motion during shoulder abduction is approximately:
(A) 2:1
(B) 1:1
(C) 3:1
(D) 1:2
8. The deltoid muscle is primarily responsible for:
(A) Shoulder abduction
(B) Shoulder adduction
(C) Elbow extension
(D) Forearm supination
9. The biceps brachii functions as:
(A) Elbow flexor and forearm supinator
(B) Elbow extensor only
(C) Shoulder adductor only
(D) Wrist flexor only
10. The triceps brachii functions as:
(A) Elbow extensor
(B) Elbow flexor
(C) Shoulder abductor
(D) Wrist extensor
11. The elbow joint is classified as a:
(A) Hinge joint
(B) Ball-and-socket joint
(C) Pivot joint
(D) Saddle joint
12. The proximal radioulnar joint is classified as a:
(A) Pivot joint
(B) Hinge joint
(C) Ball-and-socket joint
(D) Plane joint
13. The primary movements at the elbow are:
(A) Flexion and extension
(B) Abduction and adduction
(C) Internal and external rotation
(D) Circumduction only
14. The primary movements at the proximal radioulnar joint are:
(A) Supination and pronation
(B) Flexion and extension
(C) Abduction and adduction
(D) Circumduction
15. The carpals form which type of joint at the wrist?
(A) Condyloid joint
(B) Hinge joint
(C) Ball-and-socket joint
(D) Pivot joint
16. The wrist allows the following movements:
(A) Flexion, extension, radial and ulnar deviation, circumduction
(B) Only flexion and extension
(C) Only abduction and adduction
(D) Only pronation and supination
17. The primary wrist flexors include:
(A) Flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus
(B) Extensor carpi radialis
(C) Biceps brachii
(D) Deltoid
18. The primary wrist extensors include:
(A) Extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris
(B) Flexor carpi radialis only
(C) Biceps brachii
(D) Triceps brachii
19. The scapula moves in:
(A) Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, upward and downward rotation
(B) Only elevation and depression
(C) Only abduction and adduction
(D) Only internal and external rotation
20. The acromioclavicular joint is classified as a:
(A) Plane synovial joint
(B) Hinge joint
(C) Ball-and-socket joint
(D) Saddle joint
21. The sternoclavicular joint is classified as a:
(A) Saddle joint
(B) Hinge joint
(C) Pivot joint
(D) Condyloid joint
22. During shoulder abduction, the humerus externally rotates to:
(A) Clear the greater tubercle from the acromion
(B) Increase adduction
(C) Flex the elbow
(D) Rotate the wrist
23. The teres major contributes to:
(A) Shoulder adduction, internal rotation, extension
(B) Abduction only
(C) Elbow flexion only
(D) Wrist extension only
24. The pectoralis major contributes to:
(A) Shoulder adduction, flexion, internal rotation
(B) Shoulder abduction only
(C) Elbow extension only
(D) Forearm supination only
25. The levator scapulae elevates the:
(A) Scapula
(B) Humerus
(C) Ulna
(D) Radius
26. The rhomboids function to:
(A) Retract and stabilize the scapula
(B) Abduct the scapula
(C) Flex the elbow
(D) Extend the wrist
27. The serratus anterior contributes to:
(A) Scapular protraction and upward rotation
(B) Retraction only
(C) Flexion only
(D) Elbow extension
28. The biceps brachii also assists in:
(A) Shoulder flexion
(B) Elbow extension
(C) Wrist extension
(D) Shoulder adduction only
29. The brachialis is the primary:
(A) Elbow flexor
(B) Elbow extensor
(C) Shoulder abductor
(D) Wrist flexor
30. The brachioradialis assists in:
(A) Elbow flexion, especially in mid-pronation
(B) Elbow extension only
(C) Wrist flexion
(D) Shoulder rotation only
31. The pronator teres acts to:
(A) Pronate the forearm
(B) Supinate the forearm
(C) Flex the elbow only
(D) Extend the wrist
32. The supinator muscle acts to:
(A) Supinate the forearm
(B) Pronate the forearm
(C) Flex the elbow only
(D) Extend the wrist
33. The wrist is stabilized by:
(A) Flexor and extensor retinacula
(B) Only bones
(C) Shoulder muscles only
(D) Elbow muscles only
34. Carpal bones include:
(A) Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
(B) Radius and ulna only
(C) Metacarpals only
(D) Phalanges only
35. Radiocarpal joint allows:
(A) Flexion, extension, radial and ulnar deviation
(B) Supination only
(C) Pronation only
(D) Elbow flexion only
36. Intercarpal joints are classified as:
(A) Plane synovial joints
(B) Hinge joints
(C) Pivot joints
(D) Saddle joints
37. During wrist flexion, the convex carpal bones roll:
(A) Anteriorly on the radius
(B) Posteriorly
(C) Medially
(D) Laterally
38. During wrist extension, the convex carpal bones roll:
(A) Posteriorly on the radius
(B) Anteriorly
(C) Medially
(D) Laterally
39. The ulnar collateral ligament of the wrist resists:
(A) Radial deviation
(B) Ulnar deviation
(C) Flexion only
(D) Extension only
40. The radial collateral ligament of the wrist resists:
(A) Ulnar deviation
(B) Radial deviation
(C) Flexion only
(D) Extension only
41. Wrist circumduction is a combination of:
(A) Flexion, extension, radial and ulnar deviation
(B) Only flexion and extension
(C) Only abduction and adduction
(D) Only pronation and supination
42. The shoulder’s closed-pack position is:
(A) Full abduction and external rotation
(B) Anatomical position
(C) Flexion only
(D) Extension only
43. The elbow’s closed-pack position is:
(A) Full extension
(B) Flexion 90°
(C) Mid-pronation
(D) Mid-supination
44. The wrist’s closed-pack position is:
(A) Full extension
(B) Flexion 90°
(C) Neutral
(D) Ulnar deviation
45. The shoulder joint capsule is reinforced by:
(A) Glenohumeral ligaments and rotator cuff muscles
(B) Elbow ligaments only
(C) Wrist ligaments only
(D) Spine ligaments only
46. The elbow joint capsule is reinforced by:
(A) Ulnar and radial collateral ligaments
(B) Glenohumeral ligaments only
(C) Wrist ligaments only
(D) Spine ligaments only
47. The wrist joint capsule is reinforced by:
(A) Radial and ulnar collateral ligaments, palmar and dorsal radiocarpal ligaments
(B) Elbow ligaments only
(C) Shoulder ligaments only
(D) Spine ligaments only
48. Shoulder abduction above 90° requires:
(A) Upward rotation of the scapula
(B) Scapular retraction only
(C) Elbow flexion only
(D) Wrist flexion only
49. Full elbow flexion involves:
(A) Approximately 145°–150°
(B) 90° only
(C) 120° only
(D) 180° only
50. Full wrist flexion involves:
(A) Approximately 80°
(B) 90°
(C) 100°
(D) 70°