Threats to marine ecosystems MCQs

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: September 12, 2024

  1. Which of the following is a major threat to marine biodiversity caused by human activities?
    • A) Overfishing
    • B) Natural climate variability
    • C) Ocean currents
    • D) Marine geology
      Answer: A) Overfishing

  1. What is a significant impact of plastic pollution on marine life?
    • A) Ingestion and entanglement
    • B) Increased nutrient availability
    • C) Enhanced coral growth
    • D) Improved water clarity
      Answer: A) Ingestion and entanglement

  1. How does climate change primarily affect marine ecosystems?
    • A) By increasing sea temperatures and causing ocean acidification
    • B) By stabilizing ocean temperatures
    • C) By reducing the frequency of storms
    • D) By decreasing sea levels
      Answer: A) By increasing sea temperatures and causing ocean acidification

  1. Which of the following practices contributes to habitat destruction in marine environments?
    • A) Bottom trawling
    • B) Sustainable fishing
    • C) Marine protected areas
    • D) Coral restoration
      Answer: A) Bottom trawling

  1. What is the primary cause of ocean acidification?
    • A) Increased carbon dioxide emissions
    • B) Decreased greenhouse gas concentrations
    • C) Natural geological processes
    • D) Reduced sea ice cover
      Answer: A) Increased carbon dioxide emissions

  1. Which threat is caused by the introduction of non-native species into marine ecosystems?
    • A) Disruption of local food webs
    • B) Increased genetic diversity
    • C) Enhanced habitat complexity
    • D) Improved water quality
      Answer: A) Disruption of local food webs

  1. How does overfishing impact marine populations?
    • A) It depletes fish stocks and disrupts marine food chains
    • B) It enhances fish biodiversity
    • C) It increases the productivity of marine ecosystems
    • D) It promotes coral reef growth
      Answer: A) It depletes fish stocks and disrupts marine food chains

  1. What is a consequence of sea level rise on coastal marine habitats?
    • A) Increased coastal erosion and loss of wetlands
    • B) Decreased salinity
    • C) Enhanced coral reef formation
    • D) Reduced storm intensity
      Answer: A) Increased coastal erosion and loss of wetlands

  1. Which of the following is a direct effect of oil spills on marine life?
    • A) Toxic contamination and habitat destruction
    • B) Increased nutrient availability
    • C) Improved reproductive rates
    • D) Enhanced marine biodiversity
      Answer: A) Toxic contamination and habitat destruction

  1. What impact does light pollution have on marine ecosystems?
    • A) Disruption of nocturnal behaviors and navigation for marine species
    • B) Increased water temperature
    • C) Improved visibility for predators
    • D) Enhanced coral spawning
      Answer: A) Disruption of nocturnal behaviors and navigation for marine species

  1. Which practice threatens the health of coral reefs?
    • A) Coral mining and pollution
    • B) Sustainable tourism
    • C) Marine conservation
    • D) Coral restoration
      Answer: A) Coral mining and pollution

  1. What is a significant threat to mangroves?
    • A) Coastal development and deforestation
    • B) Increased marine biodiversity
    • C) Improved fish stocks
    • D) Enhanced sedimentation
      Answer: A) Coastal development and deforestation

  1. Which of the following contributes to the formation of ocean dead zones?
    • A) Nutrient runoff from agriculture
    • B) Increased marine predators
    • C) Ocean currents
    • D) Natural volcanic activity
      Answer: A) Nutrient runoff from agriculture

  1. What is the impact of invasive marine species on local ecosystems?
    • A) They outcompete native species and alter habitat structure
    • B) They increase local biodiversity
    • C) They improve water quality
    • D) They reduce habitat fragmentation
      Answer: A) They outcompete native species and alter habitat structure

  1. Which environmental change is primarily associated with the loss of polar ice caps?
    • A) Habitat loss for polar marine species
    • B) Decreased ocean salinity
    • C) Increased coral reef health
    • D) Enhanced marine productivity
      Answer: A) Habitat loss for polar marine species

  1. How does noise pollution affect marine animals?
    • A) It disrupts communication and navigation
    • B) It enhances feeding efficiency
    • C) It increases reproductive success
    • D) It improves water clarity
      Answer: A) It disrupts communication and navigation

  1. What is a primary consequence of coastal land reclamation?
    • A) Loss of critical marine habitats
    • B) Increased fish stocks
    • C) Enhanced biodiversity
    • D) Improved water quality
      Answer: A) Loss of critical marine habitats

  1. Which of the following threats is associated with the discharge of untreated sewage into oceans?
    • A) Increased nutrient pollution and harmful algal blooms
    • B) Enhanced coral reef growth
    • C) Improved fish populations
    • D) Reduced ocean temperatures
      Answer: A) Increased nutrient pollution and harmful algal blooms

  1. What is a major impact of shipping and maritime traffic on marine environments?
    • A) Oil spills and underwater noise pollution
    • B) Increased marine biodiversity
    • C) Reduced water salinity
    • D) Enhanced nutrient levels
      Answer: A) Oil spills and underwater noise pollution

  1. How does coastal aquaculture affect marine ecosystems?
    • A) It can lead to habitat degradation and pollution
    • B) It enhances the health of coral reefs
    • C) It increases the diversity of marine species
    • D) It improves water clarity
      Answer: A) It can lead to habitat degradation and pollution

  1. What is a primary threat posed by the introduction of pharmaceuticals into marine environments?
    • A) Disruption of marine life and development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
    • B) Increased fish populations
    • C) Enhanced coral growth
    • D) Improved water quality
      Answer: A) Disruption of marine life and development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria

  1. Which human activity is linked to the destruction of sea grass beds?
    • A) Coastal development and anchoring of boats
    • B) Marine conservation efforts
    • C) Sustainable fishing practices
    • D) Restoration projects
      Answer: A) Coastal development and anchoring of boats

  1. What impact does thermal pollution from power plants have on marine environments?
    • A) It can alter species distributions and disrupt local ecosystems
    • B) It enhances nutrient availability
    • C) It improves fish reproduction
    • D) It stabilizes ocean temperatures
      Answer: A) It can alter species distributions and disrupt local ecosystems

  1. Which of the following is a consequence of the expansion of human settlements along coastlines?
    • A) Increased habitat loss and pollution
    • B) Enhanced marine biodiversity
    • C) Improved water quality
    • D) Stabilized coastal ecosystems
      Answer: A) Increased habitat loss and pollution

  1. What effect does increased sedimentation have on coral reefs?
    • A) It can smother corals and decrease light penetration
    • B) It enhances coral growth
    • C) It improves water clarity
    • D) It increases marine species diversity
      Answer: A) It can smother corals and decrease light penetration

  1. How does the extraction of marine resources impact the environment?
    • A) It can lead to habitat destruction and biodiversity loss
    • B) It improves marine ecosystem health
    • C) It increases the productivity of marine ecosystems
    • D) It stabilizes oceanic temperatures
      Answer: A) It can lead to habitat destruction and biodiversity loss

  1. What is a major consequence of excessive nutrient input from agricultural runoff?
    • A) Eutrophication and hypoxia
    • B) Enhanced coral reef health
    • C) Increased marine biodiversity
    • D) Decreased water temperatures
      Answer: A) Eutrophication and hypoxia

  1. Which practice is linked to the decline of shark populations in marine ecosystems?
    • A) Shark finning
    • B) Marine conservation
    • C) Sustainable fishing
    • D) Marine protected areas
      Answer: A) Shark finning

  1. How does the loss of biodiversity affect marine ecosystems?
    • A) It reduces ecosystem resilience and functionality
    • B) It increases species interactions
    • C) It enhances the stability of food webs
    • D) It improves water quality
      Answer: A) It reduces ecosystem resilience and functionality

  1. What is the primary source of marine pollution from land-based activities?
    • A) Runoff and waste discharge
    • B) Natural oil seeps
    • C) Volcanic activity
    • D) Deep-sea mining
      Answer: A) Runoff and waste discharge

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