1. : Which type of bone is characterized by a dense outer layer and a spongy inner structure?
(A) Long bone
(B) Short bone
(C) Flat bone
(D) Irregular bone
2. : Which type of joint allows for the most range of motion, such as in the shoulder and hip?
(A) Hinge joint
(B) Pivot joint
(C) Ball-and-socket joint
(D) Saddle joint
3. : What is the primary function of the osteoblasts in bone tissue?
(A) To break down bone matrix
(B) To maintain bone matrix
(C) To form new bone matrix
(D) To store calcium
4. : Which bone is commonly referred to as the “collarbone”?
(A) Clavicle
(B) Scapula
(C) Sternum
(D) Humerus
5. : The soft, gel-like center of an intervertebral disc is known as what?
(A) Annulus fibrosus
(B) Nucleus pulposus
(C) Vertebral body
(D) Cartilage
6. : Which type of bone cell is primarily responsible for the resorption of bone tissue?
(A) Osteoblast
(B) Osteocyte
(C) Osteoclast
(D) Chondrocyte
7. : Which bone is located in the forearm and is on the side of the thumb?
(A) Radius
(B) Ulna
(C) Femur
(D) Tibia
8. : What is the name of the condition characterized by the loss of bone density and increased risk of fractures?
(A) Osteomyelitis
(B) Osteoporosis
(C) Osteoarthritis
(D) Osteosarcoma
9. : Which bone forms the base of the skull and articulates with the cervical vertebrae?
(A) Occipital bone
(B) Temporal bone
(C) Parietal bone
(D) Frontal bone
10. : Which part of a long bone contains red bone marrow and is involved in blood cell production?
(A) Diaphysis
(B) Epiphysis
(C) Metaphysis
(D) Periosteum
11. : Which bone is known as the “kneecap”?
(A) Patella
(B) Fibula
(C) Tibia
(D) Femur
12. : Which type of joint is found between the bones of the skull?
(A) Synovial joint
(B) Cartilaginous joint
(C) Fibrous joint
(D) Ball-and-socket joint
13. : Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption?
(A) Calcitonin
(B) Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
(C) Estrogen
(D) Insulin
14. : What is the name of the process by which bone is formed from cartilage in the developing skeleton?
(A) Osteogenesis
(B) Endochondral ossification
(C) Intramembranous ossification
(D) Calcification
15. : Which bone structure is found at the end of a long bone and is covered by articular cartilage?
(A) Epiphyseal line
(B) Medullary cavity
(C) Epiphysis
(D) Diaphysis