Radiation interaction with matter MCQs Radiology

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: September 14, 2024

1. What is the primary interaction of X-rays with matter in diagnostic radiology?
A) Photoelectric effect
B) Compton scattering
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: B) Compton scattering


2. In which type of radiation interaction does an X-ray photon eject an inner-shell electron from an atom?
A) Photoelectric effect
B) Compton scattering
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: A) Photoelectric effect


3. Which interaction between X-rays and matter is most likely to occur in high-energy X-rays?
A) Compton scattering
B) Photoelectric effect
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: C) Pair production


4. What is the primary effect of the Compton scattering interaction?
A) Decreased image contrast due to scattered photons
B) Increased image sharpness
C) Absorption of all X-ray photons
D) No change in image quality

Answer: A) Decreased image contrast due to scattered photons


5. How does the atomic number of a material affect the likelihood of the photoelectric effect occurring?
A) Higher atomic number increases the likelihood
B) Lower atomic number increases the likelihood
C) Atomic number has no effect
D) It depends on the X-ray energy

Answer: A) Higher atomic number increases the likelihood


6. What type of radiation interaction involves the creation of an electron-positron pair?
A) Pair production
B) Photoelectric effect
C) Compton scattering
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: A) Pair production


7. What factor primarily influences the probability of Compton scattering?
A) X-ray photon energy
B) Atomic number of the material
C) Density of the material
D) Thickness of the material

Answer: A) X-ray photon energy


8. In which radiation interaction is the incident photon scattered with no energy loss?
A) Rayleigh scattering
B) Compton scattering
C) Photoelectric effect
D) Pair production

Answer: A) Rayleigh scattering


9. What is the primary consequence of photoelectric absorption for the radiographic image?
A) It provides high contrast by absorbing X-rays in specific tissues
B) It results in increased image noise
C) It decreases the overall image density
D) It causes image blurring

Answer: A) It provides high contrast by absorbing X-rays in specific tissues


10. How does increasing the X-ray energy affect the likelihood of the photoelectric effect?
A) It decreases the likelihood
B) It increases the likelihood
C) It has no effect
D) It only affects Compton scattering

Answer: A) It decreases the likelihood


11. Which interaction is most dominant in soft tissue imaging?
A) Photoelectric effect
B) Compton scattering
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: A) Photoelectric effect


12. What happens during pair production?
A) An X-ray photon is converted into an electron and a positron
B) An X-ray photon is scattered without energy loss
C) An X-ray photon ejects an outer-shell electron
D) An X-ray photon is absorbed by the material

Answer: A) An X-ray photon is converted into an electron and a positron


13. What is the effect of Compton scattering on image quality?
A) It degrades image quality by adding unwanted noise
B) It enhances image resolution
C) It has no effect on image quality
D) It improves image contrast

Answer: A) It degrades image quality by adding unwanted noise


14. How does the density of a material affect radiation interactions?
A) Higher density increases the likelihood of interactions
B) Lower density increases the likelihood of interactions
C) Density has no effect on interactions
D) Density only affects the photoelectric effect

Answer: A) Higher density increases the likelihood of interactions


15. In which interaction does the X-ray photon have enough energy to ionize the atom and create secondary radiation?
A) Compton scattering
B) Photoelectric effect
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: A) Compton scattering


16. What is the effect of increasing the thickness of a material on radiation attenuation?
A) It increases attenuation
B) It decreases attenuation
C) It has no effect
D) It only affects Compton scattering

Answer: A) It increases attenuation


17. How does the X-ray photon energy affect pair production?
A) Higher energy increases the likelihood of pair production
B) Lower energy increases the likelihood of pair production
C) Photon energy has no effect
D) It only affects Compton scattering

Answer: A) Higher energy increases the likelihood of pair production


18. What interaction occurs when X-ray photons are absorbed by inner-shell electrons?
A) Photoelectric effect
B) Compton scattering
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: A) Photoelectric effect


19. How does Rayleigh scattering affect image quality?
A) It has minimal effect on image quality
B) It increases image contrast
C) It causes image blurring
D) It adds noise to the image

Answer: A) It has minimal effect on image quality


20. What is the primary interaction responsible for image noise in radiography?
A) Compton scattering
B) Photoelectric effect
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: A) Compton scattering


21. What is the outcome of the photoelectric effect in terms of energy transfer?
A) The photon is completely absorbed by the material
B) The photon is scattered with reduced energy
C) The photon creates an electron-positron pair
D) The photon transfers energy to outer-shell electrons

Answer: A) The photon is completely absorbed by the material


22. How does the atomic number of a material influence its interaction with X-rays?
A) Higher atomic number materials have a higher probability of photoelectric absorption
B) Lower atomic number materials have a higher probability of photoelectric absorption
C) Atomic number has no effect on X-ray interactions
D) It only affects Compton scattering

Answer: A) Higher atomic number materials have a higher probability of photoelectric absorption


23. What is the effect of Compton scattering on radiographic images of high-energy X-rays?
A) It becomes the predominant interaction, resulting in image noise
B) It enhances the image contrast
C) It has no effect on image quality
D) It improves image resolution

Answer: A) It becomes the predominant interaction, resulting in image noise


24. What does ‘radiation attenuation’ refer to in radiography?
A) The reduction of X-ray beam intensity as it passes through matter
B) The increase in X-ray beam intensity
C) The scattering of X-rays without energy loss
D) The creation of an electron-positron pair

Answer: A) The reduction of X-ray beam intensity as it passes through matter


25. What is the primary factor influencing the likelihood of pair production?
A) The energy of the X-ray photon
B) The density of the material
C) The thickness of the material
D) The atomic number of the material

Answer: A) The energy of the X-ray photon


26. Which radiation interaction primarily affects the contrast in radiographic imaging of soft tissues?
A) Photoelectric effect
B) Compton scattering
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: A) Photoelectric effect


27. How does Compton scattering influence radiographic image contrast?
A) It decreases contrast by adding scattered radiation
B) It increases contrast
C) It has no effect on contrast
D) It improves image sharpness

Answer: A) It decreases contrast by adding scattered radiation


28. What type of radiation interaction is dominant in high-energy X-ray imaging?
A) Compton scattering
B) Photoelectric effect
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: A) Compton scattering


29. What is the effect of lower X-ray photon energy on photoelectric absorption?
A) It increases the likelihood of photoelectric absorption
B) It decreases the likelihood of photoelectric absorption
C) It has no effect
D) It only affects Compton scattering

Answer: A) It increases the likelihood of photoelectric absorption


30. What is the result of the photoelectric effect on the incident X-ray photon?
A) The photon is completely absorbed by the material
B) The photon is scattered with reduced energy
C) The photon creates secondary radiation
D) The photon undergoes Compton scattering

Answer: A) The photon is completely absorbed by the material


31. How does the interaction of X-rays with matter affect image resolution?
A) Interactions such as Compton scattering can reduce image resolution
B) Increased photon energy improves resolution
C) Interaction type has no effect on resolution
D) It only affects image density

Answer: A) Interactions such as Compton scattering can reduce image resolution


32. What is the influence of high atomic number materials on X-ray imaging?
A) They increase photoelectric absorption, improving contrast
B) They decrease photoelectric absorption
C) They have no effect on image quality
D) They primarily affect Compton scattering

Answer: A) They increase photoelectric absorption, improving contrast


33. What interaction occurs when X-ray photons have energies below 10 MeV?
A) Compton scattering and photoelectric effect
B) Pair production and Rayleigh scattering
C) Rayleigh scattering only
D) Pair production only

Answer: A) Compton scattering and photoelectric effect


34. How does the energy of an X-ray photon affect Compton scattering?
A) Higher photon energy decreases the likelihood of Compton scattering
B) Lower photon energy increases Compton scattering
C) Photon energy has no effect
D) It only affects photoelectric absorption

Answer: A) Higher photon energy decreases the likelihood of Compton scattering


35. In which situation is Rayleigh scattering most likely to occur?
A) In low-energy X-rays with high atomic number materials
B) In high-energy X-rays with low atomic number materials
C) In low-energy X-rays with low atomic number materials
D) In high-energy X-rays with high atomic number materials

Answer: C) In low-energy X-rays with low atomic number materials


36. What is the effect of higher X-ray beam intensity on radiation interaction?
A) It increases the number of interactions with the material
B) It decreases the number of interactions
C) It has no effect on the number of interactions
D) It only affects the type of interaction

Answer: A) It increases the number of interactions with the material


37. How does scatter radiation affect diagnostic images?
A) It decreases the image contrast and adds noise
B) It improves image resolution
C) It has no effect on image quality
D) It enhances the visibility of details

Answer: A) It decreases the image contrast and adds noise


38. What role does the thickness of the material play in X-ray interactions?
A) Increased thickness results in greater attenuation
B) Decreased thickness results in greater attenuation
C) Thickness has no effect on attenuation
D) It only affects Compton scattering

Answer: A) Increased thickness results in greater attenuation


39. How does the interaction of X-rays with matter influence radiographic image processing?
A) It affects how images are adjusted and enhanced post-acquisition
B) It has no impact on image processing
C) It only affects the X-ray tube settings
D) It determines the type of film used

Answer: A) It affects how images are adjusted and enhanced post-acquisition


40. What is the impact of high X-ray photon energy on photoelectric absorption?
A) It reduces the likelihood of photoelectric absorption
B) It increases the likelihood of photoelectric absorption
C) It has no effect on photoelectric absorption
D) It only affects Compton scattering

Answer: A) It reduces the likelihood of photoelectric absorption


41. What type of radiation interaction is most important for imaging high-contrast structures?
A) Photoelectric effect
B) Compton scattering
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: A) Photoelectric effect


42. How does the energy of X-ray photons relate to the likelihood of pair production?
A) Higher photon energy increases the likelihood of pair production
B) Lower photon energy increases the likelihood of pair production
C) Photon energy has no effect
D) It only affects Compton scattering

Answer: A) Higher photon energy increases the likelihood of pair production


43. What is the primary result of the photoelectric effect in radiographic imaging?
A) Creation of high contrast images
B) Production of scattered radiation
C) Reduction in image sharpness
D) Creation of secondary radiation

Answer: A) Creation of high contrast images


44. What is the primary interaction that occurs when X-rays penetrate through dense materials?
A) Compton scattering
B) Photoelectric effect
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: B) Photoelectric effect


45. What type of scattering involves the incident X-ray photon interacting with outer-shell electrons?
A) Compton scattering
B) Photoelectric effect
C) Pair production
D) Rayleigh scattering

Answer: A) Compton scattering


46. How does the use of a higher atomic number contrast agent affect X-ray imaging?
A) It increases image contrast by enhancing photoelectric absorption
B) It decreases image contrast
C) It has no effect on contrast
D) It only affects image sharpness

Answer: A) It increases image contrast by enhancing photoelectric absorption


47. What is the primary reason for using filters in X-ray imaging?
A) To reduce patient dose by removing low-energy X-rays
B) To increase image contrast
C) To enhance image resolution
D) To focus the X-ray beam

Answer: A) To reduce patient dose by removing low-energy X-rays


48. How does an increase in X-ray photon energy affect image contrast?
A) It decreases image contrast by increasing Compton scattering
B) It increases image contrast
C) It has no effect on image contrast
D) It improves image resolution

Answer: A) It decreases image contrast by increasing Compton scattering


49. What is the primary effect of using high-energy X-rays on radiation interactions in the body?
A) Increased likelihood of Compton scattering and decreased photoelectric absorption
B) Increased photoelectric absorption
C) Decreased Compton scattering
D) No effect on radiation interactions

Answer: A) Increased likelihood of Compton scattering and decreased photoelectric absorption


50. What does ‘radiation dose’ refer to in the context of X-ray imaging?
A) The amount of radiation energy absorbed by the patient
B) The intensity of the X-ray beam
C) The energy of the X-ray photons
D) The type of X-ray tube used

Answer: A) The amount of radiation energy absorbed by the patient