Pulmonology (Chest Medicine) MCQs

Which of the following is a common symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
- A) Sudden onset of high fever
- B) Chronic cough with sputum production
- C) Painless hematuria
- D) Joint pain and rash
Answer: B) Chronic cough with sputum production
What is the primary diagnostic test used to confirm asthma?
- A) Chest X-ray
- B) Spirometry
- C) Sputum culture
- D) Arterial blood gas analysis
Answer: B) Spirometry
Which medication class is considered the first-line treatment for acute exacerbations of asthma?
- A) Long-acting beta-agonists
- B) Inhaled corticosteroids
- C) Short-acting beta-agonists
- D) Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Answer: C) Short-acting beta-agonists
In the management of a patient with suspected pulmonary embolism, which imaging study is most commonly performed?
- A) Chest X-ray
- B) MRI of the chest
- C) Ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan
- D) CT pulmonary angiography
Answer: D) CT pulmonary angiography
Which of the following conditions is characterized by a high-resolution CT scan finding of honeycombing in the lungs?
- A) Asthma
- B) Pulmonary fibrosis
- C) Chronic bronchitis
- D) Pulmonary embolism
Answer: B) Pulmonary fibrosis

What is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in adults?
- A) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- B) Streptococcus pneumoniae
- C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- D) Haemophilus influenzae
Answer: B) Streptococcus pneumoniae
Which of the following is a typical finding on a chest X-ray of a patient with a pneumothorax?
- A) Widened mediastinum
- B) Hyperinflated lungs
- C) Air in the pleural space
- D) Pulmonary consolidation
Answer: C) Air in the pleural space
In patients with chronic bronchitis, which finding is most commonly seen on pulmonary function tests?
- A) Restrictive lung disease pattern
- B) Obstructive lung disease pattern
- C) Normal lung function
- D) Mixed lung disease pattern
Answer: B) Obstructive lung disease pattern
What is the primary cause of occupational lung disease in workers exposed to asbestos?
- A) Silicosis
- B) Asbestosis
- C) Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis
- D) Berylliosis
Answer: B) Asbestosis
Which condition is characterized by the presence of a persistent cough, dyspnea, and wheezing, often triggered by exposure to environmental allergens or irritants?
- A) Chronic bronchitis
- B) Asthma
- C) Emphysema
- D) Tuberculosis
Answer: B) Asthma