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Psychology MCQs
Which psychological perspective focuses on the study of mental processes such as perception and memory? a) Behavioral b) Cognitive c) Humanistic d) Psychodynamic Answer: b) Cognitive
What term describes the process of learning through the association of stimuli? a) Operant conditioning b) Classical conditioning c) Observational learning d) Insight learning Answer: b) Classical conditioning
Which psychologist is known for developing the theory of operant conditioning? a) John Watson b) B.F. Skinner c) Ivan Pavlov d) Carl Rogers Answer: b) B.F. Skinner
What is the primary focus of humanistic psychology? a) Behavioral modification b) Self-actualization and personal growth c) Unconscious motives d) Cognitive processes Answer: b) Self-actualization and personal growth
Which approach to psychology emphasizes the role of unconscious processes and childhood experiences? a) Humanistic b) Cognitive c) Psychodynamic d) Biological Answer: c) Psychodynamic
What is the term for the mental process of organizing and interpreting sensory information? a) Sensation b) Perception c) Attention d) Memory Answer: b) Perception
Which term refers to the tendency to believe that an event was predictable after it has already happened? a) Confirmation bias b) Hindsight bias c) Self-serving bias d) Fundamental attribution error Answer: b) Hindsight bias
What is the primary focus of behavioral psychology? a) Conscious and unconscious processes b) Observable behaviors and learning c) Cognitive processes d) Emotional and social development Answer: b) Observable behaviors and learning
Which of the following is a projective personality test? a) MMPI b) Rorschach Inkblot Test c) Big Five Inventory d) NEO-PI Answer: b) Rorschach Inkblot Test
What is the primary function of the amygdala in the brain? a) Memory formation b) Emotional regulation c) Motor control d) Sensory processing Answer: b) Emotional regulation
Which term describes the tendency to attribute our successes to internal factors and our failures to external factors? a) Self-serving bias b) Fundamental attribution error c) Hindsight bias d) Confirmation bias Answer: a) Self-serving bias
Which theory suggests that physiological arousal and emotional experience occur simultaneously? a) Cannon-Bard Theory b) James-Lange Theory c) Schachter-Singer Theory d) Lazarus Theory Answer: a) Cannon-Bard Theory
What type of memory holds information for a very short period, typically less than a second? a) Sensory memory b) Short-term memory c) Long-term memory d) Working memory Answer: a) Sensory memory
Which psychological disorder is characterized by persistent and excessive worry about various aspects of life? a) Major depressive disorder b) Obsessive-compulsive disorder c) Generalized anxiety disorder d) Bipolar disorder Answer: c) Generalized anxiety disorder
What is the term for a mental disorder characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states? a) Dissociative identity disorder b) Schizophrenia c) Borderline personality disorder d) Bipolar disorder Answer: a) Dissociative identity disorder
Which cognitive bias refers to the tendency to seek out information that confirms one’s existing beliefs? a) Hindsight bias b) Confirmation bias c) Anchoring bias d) Availability heuristic Answer: b) Confirmation bias
What is the term for the tendency to perceive oneself as better than average in various aspects? a) Self-serving bias b) Overconfidence bias c) Halo effect d) False consensus effect Answer: b) Overconfidence bias
Which type of learning involves acquiring skills or knowledge through observing others? a) Classical conditioning b) Operant conditioning c) Observational learning d) Insight learning Answer: c) Observational learning
What term describes the psychological and physiological state of arousal that occurs in response to stress? a) Eustress b) Distress c) Homeostasis d) Adaptation Answer: b) Distress
Which of the following is an example of a negative reinforcement? a) Giving a reward for good behavior b) Removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase behavior c) Presenting an aversive stimulus to decrease behavior d) Providing praise to encourage a behavior Answer: b) Removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase behavior
What is the term for the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person? a) Sympathy b) Empathy c) Apathy d) Compassion Answer: b) Empathy
Which term refers to the process by which an individual comes to terms with the reality of a stressful situation? a) Coping b) Denial c) Repression d) Projection Answer: a) Coping
What is the focus of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)? a) Uncovering unconscious conflicts b) Changing maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors c) Exploring childhood experiences d) Enhancing self-esteem Answer: b) Changing maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors
Which stage of Erik Erikson’s psychosocial development theory involves the challenge of forming intimate relationships? a) Industry vs. Inferiority b) Identity vs. Role Confusion c) Generativity vs. Stagnation d) Intimacy vs. Isolation Answer: d) Intimacy vs. Isolation
What term describes the tendency for individuals to perform better on tasks in the presence of others? a) Social facilitation b) Social loafing c) Groupthink d) Deindividuation Answer: a) Social facilitation
Which theory of emotion suggests that emotions result from our interpretation of physiological arousal? a) James-Lange Theory b) Cannon-Bard Theory c) Schachter-Singer Theory d) Lazarus Theory Answer: c) Schachter-Singer Theory
What is the term for the phenomenon where people in a group go along with the majority view, even if it contradicts their own beliefs? a) Conformity b) Obedience c) Compliance d) Persuasion Answer: a) Conformity
Which psychological perspective focuses on the role of biological processes and brain structures in behavior? a) Cognitive b) Humanistic c) Evolutionary d) Biological Answer: d) Biological
What is the term for the mental process of retrieving information from long-term memory? a) Encoding b) Storage c) Retrieval d) Consolidation Answer: c) Retrieval
Which type of memory is used to temporarily hold and manipulate information during cognitive tasks? a) Sensory memory b) Short-term memory c) Long-term memory d) Working memory Answer: d) Working memory
What is the term for the belief that one’s own culture or group is superior to others? a) Ethnocentrism b) Prejudice c) Discrimination d) Stereotyping Answer: a) Ethnocentrism
Which term describes a mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to mind when evaluating a situation? a) Availability heuristic b) Representativeness heuristic c) Anchoring bias d) Confirmation bias Answer: a) Availability heuristic
What is the term for a psychological condition characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and worthlessness? a) Anxiety disorder b) Bipolar disorder c) Major depressive disorder d) Schizophrenia Answer: c) Major depressive disorder
Which approach to psychology emphasizes the study of individual differences and the impact of genetics on behavior? a) Psychodynamic b) Humanistic c) Evolutionary d) Trait theory Answer: d) Trait theory
What is the term for the process of adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information? a) Assimilation b) Accommodation c) Equilibration d) Conservation Answer: b) Accommodation
Which psychological perspective focuses on the study of mental processes and their influence on behavior? a) Behavioral b) Cognitive c) Humanistic d) Psychodynamic Answer: b) Cognitive
What is the term for the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors? a) False consensus effect b) Halo effect c) Self-serving bias d) Hindsight bias Answer: a) False consensus effect
Which term refers to the mental process of organizing and interpreting sensory information to make sense of the world? a) Perception b) Sensation c) Attention d) Memory Answer: a) Perception
What is the term for the psychological phenomenon where an individual’s performance improves on a task when they are observed by others? a) Social facilitation b) Social loafing c) Groupthink d) Deindividuation Answer: a) Social facilitation
Which term describes the tendency to attribute others’ behaviors to internal factors while attributing our own behaviors to external factors? a) Fundamental attribution error b) Self-serving bias c) Hindsight bias d) Confirmation bias Answer: a) Fundamental attribution error
Which type of learning involves associating a behavior with its consequences? a) Classical conditioning b) Observational learning c) Operant conditioning d) Insight learning Answer: c) Operant conditioning
What is the term for a mental disorder characterized by a detachment from reality, including symptoms like hallucinations and delusions? a) Bipolar disorder b) Schizophrenia c) Major depressive disorder d) Generalized anxiety disorder Answer: b) Schizophrenia
Which term refers to the process of maintaining a stable internal environment despite external changes? a) Homeostasis b) Adaptation c) Coping d) Equilibration Answer: a) Homeostasis
What is the term for the tendency to seek information that confirms one’s preexisting beliefs and ignore information that contradicts them? a) Confirmation bias b) Hindsight bias c) Availability heuristic d) Anchoring bias Answer: a) Confirmation bias
Which term describes a cognitive bias where people rely too heavily on the first piece of information they encounter when making decisions? a) Anchoring bias b) Availability heuristic c) Representativeness heuristic d) Self-serving bias Answer: a) Anchoring bias
What is the primary focus of social psychology? a) Mental disorders and treatment b) Cognitive processes and memory c) Social interactions and group behavior d) Biological processes and genetics Answer: c) Social interactions and group behavior
Which term refers to a mental state characterized by the feeling of being overwhelmed and unable to cope with life’s demands? a) Stress b) Anxiety c) Depression d) Burnout Answer: d) Burnout
What is the term for the tendency to perform better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks in the presence of others? a) Social facilitation b) Social loafing c) Groupthink d) Deindividuation Answer: a) Social facilitation
Which term describes the process by which individuals come to terms with the reality of a stressful or challenging situation? a) Coping b) Denial c) Repression d) Rationalization Answer: a) Coping
What is the term for a psychological phenomenon where individuals show a stronger preference for things they are familiar with, even if they are not the best options? a) Familiarity effect b) Halo effect c) Confirmation bias d) Endowment effect Answer: a) Familiarity effect