1. What is the primary aim of physiotherapy in respiratory conditions?
(A) Pain relief
(B) Improving ventilation and secretion clearance
(C) Increasing bone density
(D) Muscle immobilization
2. Which technique is most effective for airway clearance in cystic fibrosis?
(A) Postural drainage with percussion
(B) Immobilization
(C) Cryotherapy
(D) Traction
3. Which breathing technique is useful in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
(A) Pursed-lip breathing
(B) Shallow rapid breathing
(C) Valsalva maneuver
(D) Apnea training
4. Which device is commonly used to encourage deep breathing after surgery?
(A) Spirometer
(B) Peak flow meter
(C) Nebulizer
(D) ECG monitor
5. Which of the following is a contraindication for postural drainage?
(A) Hypertension
(B) Rib fracture
(C) Recent hemoptysis
(D) Controlled asthma
6. Which position improves oxygenation in patients with severe ARDS?
(A) Supine
(B) Prone
(C) Sitting
(D) Trendelenburg
7. What is the primary benefit of diaphragmatic breathing exercises?
(A) Increased upper chest expansion
(B) Improved efficiency of breathing
(C) Reduced lung compliance
(D) Muscle immobilization
8. Which exercise is best suited for pulmonary rehabilitation?
(A) Interval aerobic training
(B) Powerlifting
(C) Short sprints
(D) Plyometric jumps
9. Which secretion clearance technique uses vibration during expiration?
(A) Huffing
(B) Percussion
(C) Shaking
(D) Active cycle of breathing technique
10. Which of the following is an objective of cardiac rehabilitation?
(A) Prevent deconditioning
(B) Improve functional capacity
(C) Reduce cardiovascular risk factors
(D) All of the above
11. Which phase of cardiac rehabilitation begins in the hospital?
(A) Phase I
(B) Phase II
(C) Phase III
(D) Phase IV
12. Which of the following exercises is safe in Phase I cardiac rehabilitation?
(A) Gentle range of motion and bedside mobility
(B) Heavy resistance training
(C) Sprinting
(D) Plyometric jumping
13. The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is commonly used to assess:
(A) Strength
(B) Aerobic capacity
(C) Reflexes
(D) Balance
14. Which breathing exercise reduces dynamic hyperinflation in COPD?
(A) Apical breathing
(B) Pursed-lip breathing
(C) Breath holding
(D) Panting
15. Which position helps relieve breathlessness in COPD patients?
(A) Forward-lean sitting with arms supported
(B) Supine with arms overhead
(C) Prone with head down
(D) Standing upright with hands behind
16. Which test is commonly used to monitor lung function in asthma?
(A) Peak flow meter test
(B) ECG test
(C) MRI scan
(D) Blood sugar test
17. What is the recommended intensity for aerobic training in cardiac patients?
(A) 30–70% of VO₂ max
(B) 10–20% of VO₂ max
(C) 90–100% of VO₂ max
(D) None of the above
18. Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for cardiac rehabilitation exercise?
(A) Unstable angina
(B) Severe heart failure
(C) Recent myocardial infarction (within 2 days)
(D) Stable post-bypass surgery patient
19. Which exercise principle is essential in pulmonary rehabilitation?
(A) Gradual progression of aerobic exercise
(B) Short-term immobilization
(C) Avoidance of endurance training
(D) High-intensity maximal training only
20. Which manual technique helps mobilize secretions in bronchiectasis?
(A) Vibration and percussion
(B) Static stretching
(C) Joint mobilization
(D) Cryotherapy
21. Which condition is characterized by permanent dilation of bronchi?
(A) Asthma
(B) COPD
(C) Bronchiectasis
(D) Pneumonia
22. Which breathing strategy helps prevent atelectasis after surgery?
(A) Incentive spirometry
(B) Breath holding
(C) Valsalva maneuver
(D) Forced expiration only
23. Which of the following is an expected outcome of pulmonary rehabilitation?
(A) Increased exercise tolerance
(B) Improved quality of life
(C) Reduced dyspnea
(D) All of the above
24. Which device assists in positive expiratory pressure therapy (PEP)?
(A) Acapella device
(B) Nebulizer
(C) Oxygen mask
(D) ECG monitor
25. Which heart condition is most commonly treated with physiotherapy-based cardiac rehabilitation?
(A) Myocardial infarction
(B) Atrial septal defect
(C) Ventricular fibrillation
(D) Cardiac tamponade
26. Which breathing exercise emphasizes slow inhalation followed by a relaxed sigh?
(A) Incentive spirometry
(B) Sigh breathing
(C) Huffing
(D) Pursed-lip breathing
27. Which muscle is the primary muscle of inspiration?
(A) Intercostals
(B) Sternocleidomastoid
(C) Scalenes
(D) Diaphragm
28. What is the primary aim of interval training in cardiac patients?
(A) Avoid exertion
(B) Improve aerobic capacity without undue fatigue
(C) Maximize resistance strength only
(D) Immobilization
29. Which of the following is the most energy-efficient breathing pattern?
(A) Diaphragmatic breathing
(B) Apical breathing
(C) Costal breathing
(D) Paradoxical breathing
30. Which technique helps prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after surgery?
(A) Ankle pump exercises
(B) Cryotherapy
(C) Massage only
(D) Heat packs
31. Which physiotherapy technique is essential in ICU patients on mechanical ventilation?
(A) Chest physiotherapy and mobilization
(B) Immobilization
(C) Heat therapy
(D) Ultrasound
32. Which gas exchange abnormality is common in COPD?
(A) Hypercapnia
(B) Hypoxemia
(C) Both A and B
(D) Hypoglycemia
33. Which position is ideal for drainage of the lower lobes of lungs?
(A) Supine with head raised
(B) Trendelenburg position
(C) Sitting upright
(D) Side-lying only
34. Which exercise is most useful for cardiac endurance?
(A) Cycling
(B) Biceps curls
(C) Squats only
(D) Plyometric jumps
35. Which condition requires careful monitoring of oxygen saturation during physiotherapy?
(A) COPD
(B) Pulmonary fibrosis
(C) Congestive heart failure
(D) All of the above
36. Which airway clearance technique is performed with a “ha” sound?
(A) Huffing
(B) Coughing
(C) Panting
(D) Sigh breathing
37. Which pulmonary condition is characterized by reversible airway obstruction?
(A) COPD
(B) Asthma
(C) Bronchiectasis
(D) Pulmonary fibrosis
38. Which of the following is an absolute contraindication to exercise in cardiac rehab?
(A) Uncontrolled arrhythmia
(B) Controlled hypertension
(C) Stable angina
(D) History of CABG (6 weeks ago)
39. Which method is commonly used for inspiratory muscle training?
(A) Threshold devices
(B) Nebulization
(C) Incentive spirometry only
(D) Forced coughing
40. Which scale is commonly used to assess perceived exertion in cardiac rehabilitation?
(A) Borg scale
(B) Glasgow scale
(C) Ashworth scale
(D) Romberg scale
41. Which exercise prevents pulmonary complications in bedridden patients?
(A) Deep breathing exercises
(B) Immobilization
(C) Weight training only
(D) Plyometric training
42. Which condition often requires pursed-lip breathing as self-management?
(A) COPD
(B) Stroke
(C) Bronchiectasis
(D) Myocardial infarction
43. Which parameter is commonly monitored during cardiac rehab?
(A) Heart rate and blood pressure
(B) Oxygen saturation
(C) Perceived exertion
(D) All of the above
44. Which component is NOT part of pulmonary rehabilitation?
(A) Exercise training
(B) Nutrition advice
(C) Smoking cessation
(D) Bone density testing
45. Which exercise intensity is most suitable for COPD patients?
(A) Moderate intensity with rest breaks
(B) Very high intensity continuous exercise
(C) Maximum strength training
(D) None of the above
46. Which posture helps reduce orthopnea?
(A) High Fowler’s position
(B) Supine flat
(C) Prone
(D) Trendelenburg
47. Which of the following is an early warning sign during exercise in cardiac rehab?
(A) Chest pain
(B) Severe shortness of breath
(C) Dizziness
(D) All of the above
48. Which technique is recommended to mobilize secretions in unconscious patients?
(A) Suctioning
(B) Huffing
(C) Incentive spirometry
(D) Breathing control
49. Which exercise is best for overall cardiovascular health?
(A) Aerobic walking or cycling
(B) Biceps curls only
(C) Plyometric jumps
(D) Heavy weightlifting
50. The ultimate goal of cardiorespiratory physiotherapy is:
(A) Independence in daily activities and improved cardiopulmonary fitness
(B) Avoidance of activity
(C) Immobilization
(D) Symptom masking only