- What is the most common cause of limp in a child aged 2-5 years?
- A) Septic arthritis
- B) Transient synovitis
- C) Osteomyelitis
- D) Perthes disease
Answer: B) Transient synovitis
- Which of the following conditions is characterized by a “limp” and is commonly seen in children between 4-8 years old?
- A) Osteosarcoma
- B) Ewing’s sarcoma
- C) Perthes disease
- D) Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Answer: C) Perthes disease
- What is the primary treatment for a child with a stable, isolated, non-displaced femoral neck fracture?
- A) Immediate surgery
- B) Conservative management with bed rest
- C) Traction
- D) Casting
Answer: B) Conservative management with bed rest
- Which condition involves a “frog-leg” position in the hip joint on X-ray, and is typically seen in infants?
- A) Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)
- B) Septic arthritis
- C) Osteomyelitis
- D) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Answer: A) Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)
- At what age is the risk of scoliosis progression highest?
- A) Infancy
- B) Early childhood
- C) Puberty
- D) Adolescence
Answer: C) Puberty
- Which of the following is a common sign of congenital clubfoot?
- A) Foot in a plantarflexed and inverted position
- B) Excessive dorsiflexion of the foot
- C) Hyperextension of the knee
- D) Limited shoulder abduction
Answer: A) Foot in a plantarflexed and inverted position
- What is the recommended initial management for a child with a mild scoliosis curve of less than 20 degrees?
- A) Surgery
- B) Bracing
- C) Observation
- D) Physical therapy
Answer: C) Observation
- In a child with a suspected fracture, what is the most appropriate initial diagnostic tool?
- A) CT scan
- B) MRI
- C) X-ray
- D) Ultrasound
Answer: C) X-ray
- Which condition is characterized by an asymmetric arm length due to an upper limb discrepancy?
- A) Osteogenesis imperfecta
- B) Achondroplasia
- C) Hemihypertrophy
- D) Marfan syndrome
Answer: C) Hemihypertrophy
- What is the typical presentation of a child with a congenital dislocated hip?
- A) Limited internal rotation of the hip
- B) Excessive external rotation of the hip
- C) Painful hip joint
- D) Positive Galeazzi sign
Answer: D) Positive Galeazzi sign
- What is the most common type of fracture in children?
- A) Greenstick fracture
- B) Spiral fracture
- C) Comminuted fracture
- D) Compound fracture
Answer: A) Greenstick fracture
- Which condition is associated with the “potter’s deformity” and involves limb shortening?
- A) Arthrogryposis
- B) Spina bifida
- C) Congenital limb deficiency
- D) Hip dysplasia
Answer: A) Arthrogryposis
- Which imaging modality is most useful for evaluating soft tissue and joint conditions in pediatric orthopedics?
- A) X-ray
- B) MRI
- C) CT scan
- D) Ultrasound
Answer: B) MRI
- What is the primary feature of Osgood-Schlatter disease?
- A) Knee pain and swelling at the tibial tuberosity
- B) Hip pain and limited range of motion
- C) Ankle pain and instability
- D) Foot pain and deformity
Answer: A) Knee pain and swelling at the tibial tuberosity
- Which condition is characterized by a “popliteal cyst” or Baker’s cyst in children?
- A) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
- B) Osteomyelitis
- C) Meniscal tear
- D) Rheumatic fever
Answer: A) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
- Which type of scoliosis is often present at birth and involves vertebral anomalies?
- A) Idiopathic scoliosis
- B) Congenital scoliosis
- C) Neuromuscular scoliosis
- D) Functional scoliosis
Answer: B) Congenital scoliosis
- What is the typical age for the onset of septic arthritis in children?
- A) Newborns
- B) 1-3 years
- C) 4-7 years
- D) Adolescents
Answer: B) 1-3 years
- Which condition involves an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine that is not flexible?
- A) Functional scoliosis
- B) Structural scoliosis
- C) Postural scoliosis
- D) Idiopathic scoliosis
Answer: B) Structural scoliosis
- What is the most common type of fracture in a child with osteogenesis imperfecta?
- A) Compression fracture
- B) Greenstick fracture
- C) Spiral fracture
- D) Comminuted fracture
Answer: B) Greenstick fracture
- Which syndrome is characterized by tall stature, long limbs, and hypermobility of joints?
- A) Marfan syndrome
- B) Down syndrome
- C) Turner syndrome
- D) Noonan syndrome
Answer: A) Marfan syndrome
- Which type of fracture is commonly seen in children due to falls or trauma?
- A) Stress fracture
- B) Buckle fracture
- C) Hairline fracture
- D) Comminuted fracture
Answer: B) Buckle fracture
- In the context of pediatric orthopedics, what is the significance of the “Galeazzi sign”?
- A) Hip dislocation
- B) Knee instability
- C) Clubfoot
- D) Scoliosis
Answer: A) Hip dislocation
- What is the most common type of knee injury in adolescents involved in sports?
- A) Meniscal tear
- B) ACL tear
- C) Patellar dislocation
- D) Patellar tendonitis
Answer: B) ACL tear
- Which condition is often associated with a “humpback” deformity and is due to vertebral body wedging?
- A) Kyphosis
- B) Lordosis
- C) Scoliosis
- D) Osteoporosis
Answer: A) Kyphosis
- What is the primary goal of bracing in the management of idiopathic scoliosis?
- A) To cure scoliosis
- B) To prevent curve progression
- C) To relieve pain
- D) To increase spinal flexibility
Answer: B) To prevent curve progression
- What is the hallmark sign of Perthes disease in an X-ray?
- A) Flattening of the femoral head
- B) Dislocation of the femoral head
- C) Swelling of the acetabulum
- D) Fracture of the femoral neck
Answer: A) Flattening of the femoral head
- What is the most common congenital musculoskeletal anomaly?
- A) Clubfoot
- B) Developmental dysplasia of the hip
- C) Cleft palate
- D) Polydactyly
Answer: A) Clubfoot
- What is the initial treatment approach for a child diagnosed with a simple buckle fracture?
- A) Casting
- B) Splinting
- C) Surgery
- D) Traction
Answer: B) Splinting
- In which condition would you expect to find “femoral head avascular necrosis” on imaging?
- A) Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
- B) Perthes disease
- C) Osteomyelitis
- D) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Answer: B) Perthes disease
- What is the common presentation of a child with slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
- A) Hip pain and limited internal rotation
- B) Knee pain and swelling
- C) Back pain and stiffness
- D) Foot pain and deformity
Answer: A) Hip pain and limited internal rotation
- Which of the following is a common complication of untreated developmental dysplasia of the hip?
- A) Osteoarthritis
- B) Osteomyelitis
- C) Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
- D) Perthes disease
Answer: A) Osteoarthritis
- What is the primary cause of compartment syndrome in pediatric patients?
- A) Hemorrhage
- B) Infection
- C) Trauma
- D) Tumor
Answer: C) Trauma
- Which condition involves a “genu varum” deformity and is often seen in toddlers?
- A) Rickets
- B) Osteogenesis imperfecta
- C) Blount’s disease
- D) Hip dysplasia
Answer: C) Blount’s disease
- What is the most common cause of hip pain in children between 5 and 10 years old?
- A) Transient synovitis
- B) Septic arthritis
- C) Osteomyelitis
- D) Perthes disease
Answer: A) Transient synovitis
- Which condition is characterized by a “hollow” or “caved-in” appearance of the chest wall?
- A) Pectus excavatum
- B) Pectus carinatum
- C) Kyphosis
- D) Scoliosis
Answer: A) Pectus excavatum
- What is the most effective management for a child with moderate to severe idiopathic scoliosis?
- A) Observation
- B) Bracing
- C) Physical therapy
- D) Surgical correction
Answer: D) Surgical correction
- Which condition is characterized by asymmetry in shoulder height and rib hump?
- A) Kyphosis
- B) Scoliosis
- C) Lordosis
- D) Spina bifida
Answer: B) Scoliosis
- What is the most common method for diagnosing developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants?
- A) MRI
- B) X-ray
- C) Ultrasound
- D) CT scan
Answer: C) Ultrasound
- What is the primary treatment for acute osteomyelitis in children?
- A) Surgery
- B) Antimicrobial therapy
- C) Physical therapy
- D) Bracing
Answer: B) Antimicrobial therapy
- Which condition is most likely to present with a “bump” on the back and limited spinal mobility in a young child?
- A) Kyphosis
- B) Lordosis
- C) Scoliosis
- D) Osteomyelitis
Answer: A) Kyphosis
- What is the common treatment for a child with a suspected ACL injury?
- A) Bracing
- B) Rest and rehabilitation
- C) Surgery
- D) Splinting
Answer: B) Rest and rehabilitation
- Which condition involves a “baker’s cyst” and is often associated with knee joint disorders?
- A) Rheumatoid arthritis
- B) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
- C) Meniscal tear
- D) Osteochondritis dissecans
Answer: B) Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
- Which pediatric orthopedic condition requires surgical intervention for effective management?
- A) Clubfoot
- B) Osgood-Schlatter disease
- C) Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
- D) Genu valgum
Answer: C) Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
- What is the common clinical feature of osteogenesis imperfecta?
- A) Bone fragility
- B) Muscle weakness
- C) Joint hypermobility
- D) Growth retardation
Answer: A) Bone fragility
- What is the most effective non-surgical treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants?
- A) Physical therapy
- B) Bracing
- C) Traction
- D) Casting
Answer: B) Bracing
- Which imaging modality is preferred for evaluating bone marrow edema in pediatric orthopedic conditions?
- A) X-ray
- B) MRI
- C) CT scan
- D) Ultrasound
Answer: B) MRI
- Which condition is commonly associated with limb length discrepancy and requires surgical intervention in severe cases?
- A) Congenital limb deficiency
- B) Hip dysplasia
- C) Clubfoot
- D) Scoliosis
Answer: A) Congenital limb deficiency
- What is the typical management approach for a child with a buckle fracture of the distal radius?
- A) Casting
- B) Splinting
- C) Surgery
- D) Rest and observation
Answer: B) Splinting
- Which pediatric orthopedic condition is characterized by a “hump” on the upper back due to vertebral body wedging?
- A) Kyphosis
- B) Lordosis
- C) Scoliosis
- D) Osteoporosis
Answer: A) Kyphosis
- What is the most common type of scoliosis that develops in adolescence?
- A) Congenital scoliosis
- B) Idiopathic scoliosis
- C) Neuromuscular scoliosis
- D) Functional scoliosis
Answer: B) Idiopathic scoliosis
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