PAST PAPER Assistant Director (Estate Management)PPSC [SOLVED]

1. What is the primary purpose of law?

A) To punish wrongdoers
B) To maintain order in society
C) To restrict freedom
D) To protect the government
Answer: B) To maintain order in society

2. Which of the following is not a source of law?

A) Statutes
B) Customs
C) Judicial decisions
D) Public opinion
Answer: D) Public opinion

3. What does “habeas corpus” refer to?

A) A right to a fair trial
B) A legal order to bring someone before a judge
C) The right to remain silent
D) A law against double jeopardy
Answer: B) A legal order to bring someone before a judge

4. In criminal law, what is the term for the intention to commit a crime?

A) Actus reus
B) Mens rea
C) Jurisdiction
D) Tort
Answer: B) Mens rea

5. What type of law deals with disputes between private individuals?

A) Criminal law
B) Constitutional law
C) Civil law
D) International law
Answer: C) Civil law

6. Which amendment in the U.S. Constitution abolished slavery?

A) 13th Amendment
B) 14th Amendment
C) 15th Amendment
D) 16th Amendment
Answer: A) 13th Amendment

7. What is the maximum punishment for murder under most jurisdictions?

A) Life imprisonment
B) 20 years imprisonment
C) 10 years imprisonment
D) Death penalty
Answer: D) Death penalty

8. What does the term “tort” refer to in law?

A) A type of crime
B) A wrongful act leading to civil liability
C) A legal contract
D) A government regulation
Answer: B) A wrongful act leading to civil liability

9. Which of the following is a defense to a tort claim?

A) Negligence
B) Strict liability
C) Contributory negligence
D) Vicarious liability
Answer: C) Contributory negligence

10. What is “due process”?

A) A legal requirement that the state must respect all legal rights
B) A method of trial
C) A type of appeal
D) A form of negotiation
Answer: A) A legal requirement that the state must respect all legal rights

11. Which court typically has the authority to hear appeals?

A) Trial court
B) Appellate court
C) Magistrate court
D) Family court
Answer: B) Appellate court

12. What is the main function of the judiciary?

A) To create laws
B) To enforce laws
C) To interpret laws
D) To amend laws
Answer: C) To interpret laws

13. Which of the following is a key feature of a contract?

A) Legality
B) Freedom of speech
C) Public policy
D) Custom
Answer: A) Legality

14. What is the statute of limitations?

A) The maximum length of a trial
B) The time period in which a legal action must be initiated
C) The length of a contract
D) The duration of a court session
Answer: B) The time period in which a legal action must be initiated

15. Which legal principle allows a person to sue for damages caused by another’s negligence?

A) Strict liability
B) Res ipsa loquitur
C) Vicarious liability
D) Negligence tort
Answer: D) Negligence tort

16. What is the primary role of a lawyer?

A) To create laws
B) To represent clients and provide legal advice
C) To enforce laws
D) To judge legal cases
Answer: B) To represent clients and provide legal advice

17. Which type of law governs the rights and duties of individuals amongst themselves?

A) Administrative law
B) Constitutional law
C) Civil law
D) Criminal law
Answer: C) Civil law

18. In the context of international law, what is “sovereignty”?

A) The power to enforce laws
B) The authority of a state to govern itself
C) The ability to enter treaties
D) The right to diplomatic immunity
Answer: B) The authority of a state to govern itself

19. Which of the following is an example of a felony?

A) Theft
B) Robbery
C) Murder
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

20. What is the primary purpose of criminal law?

A) To compensate victims
B) To protect society
C) To uphold individual rights
D) To establish government authority
Answer: B) To protect society

21. Which of the following is not a fundamental right under the Constitution?

A) Right to free speech
B) Right to education
C) Right to privacy
D) Right to bear arms
Answer: D) Right to bear arms

22. What is the principle of “stare decisis”?

A) To interpret laws
B) To follow precedents established by previous court decisions
C) To amend laws
D) To enforce contracts
Answer: B) To follow precedents established by previous court decisions

23. Which legal document outlines the fundamental rights of citizens?

A) Statute
B) Constitution
C) Bill of Rights
D) Treaty
Answer: B) Constitution

24. What type of evidence is based on personal observation or experience?

A) Direct evidence
B) Circumstantial evidence
C) Testimonial evidence
D) Documentary evidence
Answer: A) Direct evidence

25. In which type of legal proceeding is a jury commonly used?

A) Civil case
B) Criminal case
C) Administrative hearing
D) Arbitration
Answer: B) Criminal case

26. Which of the following is a characteristic of an agreement to be legally binding?

A) Written
B) Mutual consent
C) Witnessed
D) Notarized
Answer: B) Mutual consent

27. In which scenario would a person be entitled to a jury trial?

A) Small claims case
B) Felony criminal case
C) Family law case
D) Administrative hearing
Answer: B) Felony criminal case

28. What does “pro bono” mean in legal practice?

A) For profit
B) For the public good
C) For personal gain
D) For legal fees
Answer: B) For the public good

29. Which of the following is a type of intellectual property?

A) Patent
B) Contract
C) Tort
D) Regulation
Answer: A) Patent

30. In legal terms, what is “malpractice”?

A) Wrongful act by a professional
B) A form of theft
C) A contract dispute
D) A criminal offense
Answer: A) Wrongful act by a professional

31. What is the term for an order from a court to stop a certain action?

A) Injunction
B) Mandamus
C) Restraining order
D) Subpoena
Answer: A) Injunction

32. Which legal concept allows individuals to claim damages for emotional distress?

A) Negligence
B) Intentional infliction of emotional distress
C) Strict liability
D) Vicarious liability
Answer: B) Intentional infliction of emotional distress

33. What is the primary function of a notary public?

A) To provide legal advice
B) To witness the signing of documents
C) To represent clients in court
D) To enforce laws
Answer: B) To witness the signing of documents

34. What is the legal age for contract formation in most jurisdictions?

A) 16
B) 18
C) 21
D) 25
Answer: B) 18

35. Which type of law regulates the operation of government agencies?

A) Administrative law
B) Criminal law
C) Civil law
D) Constitutional law
Answer: A) Administrative law

36. What is “double jeopardy”?

A) Being tried for the same crime twice
B) A type of civil lawsuit
C) A criminal defense
D) A plea bargain
Answer: A) Being tried for the same crime twice

37. What does “conflict of interest” mean in legal terms?

A) A situation where a lawyer represents conflicting parties
B) A dispute between two legal principles
C) A competition among law firms
D) A disagreement within a legal team
Answer: A) A situation where a lawyer represents conflicting parties

38. In a criminal trial, who has the burden of proof?

A) The defense
B) The judge
C) The prosecution
D) The jury
Answer: C) The prosecution

39. Which of the following is a key component of a contract?

A) Offer
B) Acceptance
C) Consideration
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

40. What does the term “amicus curiae” mean?

A) Friend of the court
B) Party to a case
C) Legal advisor
D) Witness in a trial
Answer: A) Friend of the court

41. What is the purpose of a deposition?

A) To present evidence in court
B) To gather testimony before trial
C) To submit a legal brief
D) To enforce a court order
Answer: B) To gather testimony before trial

42. Which of the following is a requirement for a valid will?

A) Witness signatures
B) Notarization
C) Written documentation
D) All of the above
Answer: A) Witness signatures

43. What is the main objective of bankruptcy law?

A) To punish debtors
B) To help individuals and businesses repay their debts
C) To protect creditors
D) To enforce contracts
Answer: B) To help individuals and businesses repay their debts

44. What does the term “settlement” refer to in legal terms?

A) A trial verdict
B) A negotiated agreement between parties
C) A court ruling
D) A plea bargain
Answer: B) A negotiated agreement between parties

45. What is “substantive law”?

A) Law that governs legal procedures
B) Law that defines rights and duties
C) Law that addresses criminal offenses
D) Law that regulates government agencies
Answer: B) Law that defines rights and duties

46. In which legal system is common law primarily used?

A) Civil law system
B) Religious law system
C) Customary law system
D) Anglo-American system
Answer: D) Anglo-American system

47. What is “discovery” in the context of a legal case?

A) The process of gathering evidence
B) The final trial proceedings
C) The delivery of a judgment
D) The negotiation of a plea bargain
Answer: A) The process of gathering evidence

48. What is the function of a legal brief?

A) To present evidence in court
B) To summarize legal arguments and precedents
C) To introduce witnesses
D) To negotiate settlements
Answer: B) To summarize legal arguments and precedents

49. What is “recusal” in legal terms?

A) The removal of a judge from a case
B) The dismissal of charges
C) The addition of evidence
D) The revision of a law
Answer: A) The removal of a judge from a case

50. Which amendment provides for the right to free speech?

A) 1st Amendment
B) 2nd Amendment
C) 3rd Amendment
D) 4th Amendment
Answer: A) 1st Amendment

51. What does “jurisdiction” refer to?

A) The power of a court to hear a case
B) The authority of a lawyer
C) The validity of a law
D) The process of trial
Answer: A) The power of a court to hear a case

52. Which of the following is not a ground for divorce in most jurisdictions?

A) Irreconcilable differences
B) Adultery
C) Financial hardship
D) Abuse
Answer: C) Financial hardship

53. What is “equity” in the legal context?

A) The fair treatment of parties in a legal case
B) The value of an asset after debts
C) A system of law that complements common law
D) A measure of justice
Answer: C) A system of law that complements common law

54. What does “precedent” mean in law?

A) A previous court decision that influences future cases
B) A new legal ruling
C) A legislative act
D) A criminal conviction
Answer: A) A previous court decision that influences future cases

55. Which type of liability is based on the principle that an employer is responsible for the actions of employees?

A) Vicarious liability
B) Strict liability
C) Criminal liability
D) Contributory liability
Answer: A) Vicarious liability

56. What is “parole”?

A) The release of a prisoner before serving the full sentence
B) A legal term for probation
C) A type of plea bargain
D) A form of supervised release after serving a sentence
Answer: D) A form of supervised release after serving a sentence

57. In which case is “negligence” most likely to apply?

A) A car accident
B) A breach of contract
C) A criminal act
D) A family dispute
Answer: A) A car accident

58. What does “insider trading” refer to?

A) Trading stocks based on public information
B) Buying or selling stock based on confidential information
C) A legal trading practice
D) A method of financial auditing
Answer: B) Buying or selling stock based on confidential information

59. Which legal doctrine allows a court to decide a case based on similar past cases?

A) Statutory law
B) Common law
C) Precedent
D) Civil law
Answer: C) Precedent

60. In which scenario would you typically find “mediation” used?

A) Criminal prosecution
B) Family law disputes
C) Legislative hearings
D) Court trials
Answer: B) Family law disputes

61. What is the legal term for a written statement submitted to a court?

A) Subpoena
B) Affidavit
C) Brief
D) Complaint
Answer: C) Brief

62. What is the role of a paralegal?

A) To represent clients in court
B) To provide legal assistance and support to lawyers
C) To enforce laws
D) To interpret statutes
Answer: B) To provide legal assistance and support to lawyers

63. What does “plea bargaining” involve?

A) A trial by jury
B) Negotiation between the defendant and prosecutor to resolve a case
C) A court ruling
D) A sentencing hearing
Answer: B) Negotiation between the defendant and prosecutor to resolve a case

64. In tort law, what does “negligence” require to be proven?

A) Intentional harm
B) Breach of duty
C) Strict liability
D) Legal representation
Answer: B) Breach of duty

65. Which of the following is an example of a crime against property?

A) Murder
B) Burglary
C) Assault
D) Kidnapping
Answer: B) Burglary

66. What is a “subpoena”?

A) A court order requiring someone to appear in court
B) A legal document for a divorce
C) A contract for services
D) A notice of a legal claim
Answer: A) A court order requiring someone to appear in court

67. What is the role of the prosecution in a criminal case?

A) To represent the defendant
B) To prove the defendant’s guilt
C) To mediate between parties
D) To oversee court procedures
Answer: B) To prove the defendant’s guilt

68. Which of the following terms refers to the legal responsibility for one’s actions?

A) Liability
B) Negligence
C) Duty
D) Breach
Answer: A) Liability

69. In a legal context, what does “slander” refer to?

A) Written defamation
B) Spoken defamation
C) A breach of contract
D) A criminal offense
Answer: B) Spoken defamation

70. What is the term for the legal process of reviewing a case by a higher court?

A) Appeal
B) Review
C) Trial
D) Mediation
Answer: A) Appeal

71. Which of the following is a defense to a criminal charge?

A) Alibi
B) Motive
C) Opportunity
D) Suspicion
Answer: A) Alibi

72. What is “contractual capacity”?

A) The ability to understand and enter into a contract
B) The ability to enforce a contract
C) The ability to interpret laws
D) The ability to negotiate
Answer: A) The ability to understand and enter into a contract

73. What does “admissible evidence” refer to?

A) Evidence that can be presented in court
B) Evidence that is irrelevant
C) Evidence that is hearsay
D) Evidence that is circumstantial
Answer: A) Evidence that can be presented in court

74. In what type of law is the term “beyond a reasonable doubt” commonly used?

A) Civil law
B) Administrative law
C) Criminal law
D) Contract law
Answer: C) Criminal law

75. Which of the following legal systems is based on written laws?

A) Common law
B) Civil law
C) Religious law
D) Customary law
Answer: B) Civil law

76. What does “informed consent” mean in legal terms?

A) Consent given by a person who is fully aware of the implications
B) Consent given under duress
C) Consent that is implied
D) Consent given verbally
Answer: A) Consent given by a person who is fully aware of the implications

77. What does “double jeopardy” refer to?

A) Being tried twice for the same crime
B) A legal principle for bail
C) A type of legal defense
D) A procedural error
Answer: A) Being tried twice for the same crime

78. What is “malpractice”?

A) Professional negligence
B) A type of contract dispute
C) A criminal offense
D) A civil offense
Answer: A) Professional negligence

79. Which of the following is a common remedy in contract law?

A) Jail time
B) Monetary damages
C) Community service
D) Probation
Answer: B) Monetary damages

80. What does “contempt of court” mean?

A) Disrespecting the authority of the court
B) A civil offense
C) A type of defamation
D) A procedural error
Answer: A) Disrespecting the authority of the court

81. Which country is known as the “Land of the Rising Sun”?

A) China
B) Japan
C) Thailand
D) South Korea
Answer: B) Japan

82. What is the capital city of Pakistan?

A) Karachi
B) Lahore
C) Islamabad
D) Quetta
Answer: C) Islamabad

83. Who is the current Prime Minister of Pakistan as of 2024?

A) Imran Khan
B) Shehbaz Sharif
C) Bilawal Bhutto Zardari
D) Shahbaz Sharif
Answer: B) Shehbaz Sharif

84. What is the largest continent in the world?

A) Africa
B) Asia
C) North America
D) Europe
Answer: B) Asia

85. Which famous English playwright wrote “Romeo and Juliet”?

A) Charles Dickens
B) Mark Twain
C) William Shakespeare
D) George Orwell
Answer: C) William Shakespeare

86. What is the national language of Pakistan?

A) Punjabi
B) Urdu
C) Sindhi
D) Pashto
Answer: B) Urdu

87. If 5 + 3 = 8, then 5 + 7 = ?

A) 10
B) 12
C) 15
D) 17
Answer: B) 12

88. What is the boiling point of water at sea level in degrees Celsius?

A) 90°C
B) 100°C
C) 110°C
D) 120°C
Answer: B) 100°C

89. Which planet is known as the Red Planet?

A) Earth
B) Venus
C) Mars
D) Jupiter
Answer: C) Mars

90. Who is known as the “Father of the Nation” in Pakistan?

A) Allama Iqbal
B) Liaquat Ali Khan
C) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
D) Benazir Bhutto
Answer: C) Muhammad Ali Jinnah

91. What is the currency of Pakistan?

A) Rupee
B) Dollar
C) Euro
D) Pound
Answer: A) Rupee

92. Which river is known as the lifeline of Pakistan?

A) Indus River
B) Ravi River
C) Chenab River
D) Jhelum River
Answer: A) Indus River

93. How many degrees are in a right angle?

A) 45°
B) 90°
C) 180°
D) 360°
Answer: B) 90°

94. What is the term for the process of converting food into energy in the body?

A) Digestion
B) Metabolism
C) Respiration
D) Circulation
Answer: B) Metabolism

95. What is the main function of the CPU in a computer?

A) Store data
B) Execute instructions
C) Display information
D) Connect to the internet
Answer: B) Execute instructions

96. Which of the following is a primary color?

A) Green
B) Purple
C) Blue
D) Orange
Answer: C) Blue

97. In which year did Pakistan become an independent country?

A) 1945
B) 1947
C) 1950
D) 1956
Answer: B) 1947

98. What is the capital of the United States?

A) New York
B) Washington, D.C.
C) Los Angeles
D) Chicago
Answer: B) Washington, D.C.

99. Which element has the chemical symbol “O”?

A) Gold
B) Oxygen
C) Osmium
D) Oganesson
Answer: B) Oxygen

100. What is the largest organ in the human body?

A) Heart
B) Liver
C) Skin
D) Lung
Answer: C) Skin