1. Which of the following is a voluntary muscle?
(A) Cardiac
(B) Smooth
(C) Skeletal
(D) None of the above
2. Which muscle type is involuntary and found in organs?
(A) Skeletal
(B) Smooth
(C) Cardiac
(D) All of the above
3. Cardiac muscle is:
(A) Voluntary and striated
(B) Involuntary and striated
(C) Voluntary and non-striated
(D) Involuntary and non-striated
4. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones by:
(A) Ligaments
(B) Tendons
(C) Cartilage
(D) Fascia
5. Smooth muscles are primarily controlled by:
(A) Somatic nervous system
(B) Autonomic nervous system
(C) Voluntary control
(D) Cerebral cortex
6. Cardiac muscles are found in the:
(A) Heart
(B) Lungs
(C) Stomach
(D) Skeletal system
7. Which property allows muscles to respond to stimuli?
(A) Contractility
(B) Excitability
(C) Extensibility
(D) Elasticity
8. The ability of muscle to shorten and produce force is called:
(A) Elasticity
(B) Contractility
(C) Excitability
(D) Extensibility
9. The ability of muscle to stretch without damage is called:
(A) Excitability
(B) Contractility
(C) Extensibility
(D) Elasticity
10. The ability of muscle to return to its original length after stretching is:
(A) Elasticity
(B) Excitability
(C) Contractility
(D) Extensibility
11. Which type of muscle has intercalated discs?
(A) Skeletal
(B) Smooth
(C) Cardiac
(D) All of the above
12. Smooth muscle fibers are:
(A) Long, cylindrical, and striated
(B) Spindle-shaped and non-striated
(C) Branched and striated
(D) Short and striated
13. Skeletal muscle fibers are:
(A) Branched
(B) Spindle-shaped
(C) Long, cylindrical, and striated
(D) Short and smooth
14. Cardiac muscle fibers are:
(A) Branched and striated
(B) Spindle-shaped
(C) Cylindrical and striated
(D) Smooth and involuntary
15. Which muscle type is fatigue-resistant due to many mitochondria?
(A) Skeletal
(B) Smooth
(C) Cardiac
(D) All
16. Skeletal muscles are primarily responsible for:
(A) Pumping blood
(B) Maintaining posture and voluntary movement
(C) Moving food through intestines
(D) Reflex actions only
17. Which muscle type is controlled by conscious thought?
(A) Skeletal
(B) Smooth
(C) Cardiac
(D) None
18. Cardiac muscles contract without external stimulation due to:
(A) Somatic innervation
(B) Pacemaker cells
(C) Reflex action
(D) Hormones only
19. Smooth muscles are found in:
(A) Walls of blood vessels
(B) Digestive tract
(C) Urinary bladder
(D) All of the above
20. Skeletal muscles are composed of:
(A) Single nucleus fibers
(B) Multi-nucleated fibers
(C) No nuclei
(D) Branched cells
21. Which property allows muscles to generate heat?
(A) Excitability
(B) Thermogenesis
(C) Elasticity
(D) Contractility
22. The smallest contractile unit of skeletal muscle is:
(A) Myofibril
(B) Sarcomere
(C) Fascicle
(D) Actin filament
23. Skeletal muscles are organized into bundles called:
(A) Fibers
(B) Fascicles
(C) Myofibrils
(D) Actin filaments
24. Cardiac muscles are connected via:
(A) Fascia
(B) Ligaments
(C) Intercalated discs
(D) Tendons
25. Smooth muscles contract:
(A) Quickly and voluntarily
(B) Slowly and involuntarily
(C) Slowly and voluntarily
(D) Quickly and involuntarily
26. Skeletal muscle contraction requires:
(A) Calcium ions
(B) ATP
(C) Both calcium ions and ATP
(D) None
27. The neurotransmitter responsible for skeletal muscle contraction is:
(A) Dopamine
(B) Serotonin
(C) Acetylcholine
(D) Norepinephrine
28. Cardiac muscle contraction is initiated by:
(A) Autonomic nervous system only
(B) Pacemaker cells
(C) Hormones only
(D) Voluntary control
29. Skeletal muscles exhibit which type of fatigue?
(A) Mental fatigue
(B) Peripheral fatigue
(C) Cardiac fatigue
(D) Smooth muscle fatigue
30. The sliding filament theory describes:
(A) Bone movement
(B) Muscle contraction mechanism
(C) Joint rotation
(D) Ligament elasticity
31. Which filament forms the thick filament in skeletal muscle?
(A) Actin
(B) Myosin
(C) Troponin
(D) Tropomyosin
32. Which filament forms the thin filament in skeletal muscle?
(A) Myosin
(B) Actin
(C) Titin
(D) Nebulin
33. Smooth muscles lack:
(A) Sarcomeres
(B) Actin
(C) Myosin
(D) Nuclei
34. Cardiac muscle contraction is:
(A) Tonic
(B) Phasic
(C) Both tonic and phasic
(D) Smooth only
35. Which property allows skeletal muscle to maintain posture?
(A) Elasticity
(B) Tonic contraction
(C) Reflexive contraction
(D) Excitability
36. Isometric contraction produces:
(A) Movement and shortening
(B) Tension without movement
(C) No tension
(D) Rapid relaxation
37. Isotonic contraction produces:
(A) No movement
(B) Muscle shortening or lengthening
(C) Only tension
(D) Relaxation
38. Concentric contraction occurs when:
(A) Muscle lengthens under tension
(B) Muscle shortens under tension
(C) Muscle is at rest
(D) Muscle relaxes
39. Eccentric contraction occurs when:
(A) Muscle shortens under tension
(B) Muscle lengthens under tension
(C) Muscle is inactive
(D) Muscle contracts without tension
40. Smooth muscle contraction is triggered by:
(A) Nervous stimuli
(B) Hormones
(C) Stretch
(D) All of the above
41. Skeletal muscles are responsible for:
(A) Posture
(B) Locomotion
(C) Heat generation
(D) All of the above
42. Cardiac muscle cells are:
(A) Multinucleated
(B) Mononucleated
(C) Non-striated
(D) Voluntary
43. Smooth muscle cells are:
(A) Branched
(B) Cylindrical and striated
(C) Spindle-shaped and uninucleated
(D) Multinucleated
44. The term “tonicity” refers to:
(A) Muscle length
(B) Muscle tension at rest
(C) Muscle shortening
(D) Muscle fatigue
45. Skeletal muscle fiber types include:
(A) Type I (slow-twitch)
(B) Type II (fast-twitch)
(C) Both A and B
(D) None
46. Type I fibers are:
(A) Fatigue-resistant, slow contraction
(B) Fast, fatigable fibers
(C) Found only in cardiac muscle
(D) Non-contractile
47. Type II fibers are:
(A) Slow-twitch
(B) Fast-twitch, high power
(C) Non-striated
(D) Only in smooth muscle
48. Recruitment of motor units increases:
(A) Muscle force
(B) Muscle length
(C) Muscle fatigue
(D) Tendon elasticity
49. ATP is required for:
(A) Muscle contraction
(B) Muscle relaxation
(C) Both contraction and relaxation
(D) None
50. Muscle fatigue is due to:
(A) Lack of ATP
(B) Accumulation of lactic acid
(C) Ionic imbalance
(D) All of the above