Growth of the Discipline (Special Education) MCQs
1. What was the landmark legislation in the United States that mandated a free and appropriate public education for children with disabilities?
a) IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)
b) ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act)
c) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
d) No Child Left Behind Act
Answer: a) IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)
2. Which organization was established in 1922 and became a leading professional organization for special education teachers and professionals?
a) Council for Exceptional Children (CEC)
b) National Association of Special Education Teachers (NASET)
c) American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD)
d) Learning Disabilities Association of America (LDA)
Answer: a) Council for Exceptional Children (CEC)
3. What term is used to describe the practice of integrating students with disabilities into general education classrooms to the maximum extent possible?
a) Inclusion
b) Segregation
c) Mainstreaming
d) Differentiation
Answer: a) Inclusion
4. Which of the following is NOT a key principle of Universal Design for Learning (UDL)?
a) Providing multiple means of representation
b) Providing multiple means of assessment
c) Providing multiple means of expression
d) Providing multiple means of discipline
Answer: d) Providing multiple means of discipline
5. Who is credited with developing the concept of least restrictive environment (LRE) in special education?
a) Maria Montessori
b) Jean-Marc-Gaspard Itard
c) Benjamin Rush
d) Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet
Answer: c) Benjamin Rush
6. What was the name of the court case that ruled “separate educational facilities are inherently unequal”?
a) Brown v. Board of Education
b) Plessy v. Ferguson
c) Obergefell v. Hodges
d) Roe v. Wade
Answer: a) Brown v. Board of Education
7. Which term refers to the process of individualizing instruction based on students’ unique learning needs?
a) Differentiation
b) Specialization
c) Segregation
d) Generalization
Answer: a) Differentiation
8. Which law mandated the use of Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for students with disabilities in the United States?
a) ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act)
b) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act
c) No Child Left Behind Act
d) IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)
Answer: d) IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)
9. Who is considered the father of normalization and advocated for creating environments that are as close to normal life as possible for individuals with disabilities?
a) Edward Seguin
b) Maria Montessori
c) Jean-Marc-Gaspard Itard
d) Bengt Nirje
Answer: d) Bengt Nirje
10. Which term refers to the process of gradually reducing support for individuals with disabilities to promote independence and self-reliance?
a) Mainstreaming
b) Integration
c) Inclusion
d) Fading
Answer: d) Fading
11. What is the term for a document that outlines a student’s special education services and accommodations?
a) 504 Plan
b) Individualized Education Program (IEP)
c) Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP)
d) Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) Report
Answer: b) Individualized Education Program (IEP)
12. Who developed the concept of “zone of proximal development” to describe the range of tasks that a child can perform with the help of a more knowledgeable individual?
a) Lev Vygotsky
b) Jean Piaget
c) Erik Erikson
d) B.F. Skinner
Answer: a) Lev Vygotsky
13. Which term refers to the process of systematically teaching a new behavior by breaking it down into smaller steps and providing reinforcement for each step?
a) Task analysis
b) Differential reinforcement
c) Shaping
d) Chaining
Answer: d) Chaining
14. Which organization publishes the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), a widely used classification system for mental health disorders?
a) American Psychological Association (APA)
b) American Psychiatric Association (APA)
c) National Association of School Psychologists (NASP)
d) National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)
Answer: b) American Psychiatric Association (APA)
15. Which term refers to a condition characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors?
a) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
b) Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
c) Dyslexia
d) Intellectual Disability
Answer: b) Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
16. Who developed the theory of multiple intelligences, which suggests that intelligence is not a single, fixed trait but rather a combination of various abilities?
a) Howard Gardner
b) Jean Piaget
c) Lev Vygotsky
d) Erik Erikson
Answer: a) Howard Gardner
17. Which term refers to the process of using reinforcement and punishment to increase or decrease the frequency of a behavior?
a) Classical conditioning
b) Operant conditioning
c) Social learning theory
d) Cognitive restructuring
Answer: b) Operant conditioning
18. Who is known for their work in developing the concept of emotional intelligence, which emphasizes the importance of understanding and managing one’s emotions?
a) Daniel Goleman
b) Howard Gardner
c) Lev Vygotsky
d) Jean Piaget
Answer: a) Daniel Goleman
19. Which term refers to the ability to understand and interpret the emotions of oneself and others?
a) Emotional intelligence
b) Social cognition
c) Theory of mind
d) Empathy
Answer: a) Emotional intelligence
20. Who is known for their work in developing the theory of social learning, which emphasizes the role of observation and imitation in learning?
a) Albert Bandura
b) B.F. Skinner
c) Ivan Pavlov
d) John B. Watson
Answer: a) Albert Bandura