Beginning of Fifth Generation Computers:
In 1982 Japan’s Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) Fifth Generation Computer System (FGCS) project was launched to develop devices utilizing extensively paralleled computing and logical programming. Having supercomputer-like capabilities, it proposed to construct an “epoch-making computer” to serve as a foundation for future breakthroughs in artificial intelligence.
Fifth-generation computers, generally known as new computers, are still in the stages of development and therefore are focused on artificial intelligence. This generation of computers is built on microelectronic technology and has high computational power and parallel processing capability. This computer generation is the most modern and technologically advanced. As input techniques, standard high languages such as Python, R, C#, Java, and others are used. These are extremely reliable and make use of Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI) technology. War Computers make advantage of parallel processing technology and artificial intelligence software.
Here are some examples of Fifth Generation computers:
- Micral
- IBM 5100
- Altair 8800
Key Features of Fifth Generation computer:
- Fifth-generation computers employ ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) technology.
- Much advanced artificial technology.
- Natural language processing.
- Expended parallel processing.
- Enhanced interface design and multimedia capabilities.
- Significantly reasonable price.
- Extra compact and stronger computers.
- More trustworthy and less costly.
- Simpler manufacturing in a commercial context.
- Easy operations for desktop computers.
- Extremely powerful mainframe computers.
Micral:
The Micral-N is widely regarded as the initial microcomputer (a computer with a microprocessor). A French firm Réalisation d’Études Électroniques, manufactured a line of computers named, Micral. From the period of 1972 to 1973 it was created by the French company R2E under the direction of André Truong and François Grenelle.
The firm began with the Micral N in early 1973. This was the first mini processor computer that was commercially available, as per the Computer History Museum. The total amount spent on the design of Micral was 8500 francs at that time and the computer was based on the Intel 8008 microprocessor. Micral was regarded as the first non-kit personal computer and the world’s earliest microprocessor according to MO5. It was also an introductory computer accessible to the general public and a start of the desktop computer era. Micral Computers were separated into three groups, each containing numerous computers. The R2E series was the first set of Micral Computers.
IBM-5100:
IBM’s earliest production personal computer, the 5100 Portable Computer, was launched in September 1975, six years earlier than the best-selling IBM PC. IBM 5100 consisted of a palm processor, a basic interpreter, a 5-inch CRT, a comprehensive keypad, huge and vast storage, and the power to program in APL and BASIC. Numerous 5100 machines were supplied by IBM that featured both BASIC and APL, at the same time or of them. The structure of the IBM 5100 was more advanced and powerful than the earlier computers. Internal five-inch CRT and a three-position switch demonstrate 16 lines of 64 characters. For mass storage, the IBM 5100 employed a 1/4-inch cartridge tape drive with DC300 cartridges to record 204 KB on 300 feet of tape. The APL and BASIC language translators in the 5100 are intended for further complex virtualized devices, and the microcode imitates such devices instead of being written in the computer’s native microcode instructional set. IBM presented three trouble-Solver Libraries, which consisted of more than 100 participative routines, with the IBM 5100, pertinent to numerical issues, statistical techniques, and economical studies.
Altair 8800:
The Altair 8800 computer kit centered on the Intel 8080 CPU that was designed in 1974 by Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems (MITS), led by H. Edward Roberts. It was the first microprocessor-base computer and became the earliest successful personal computer, particularly when contrasted to Micral. The Altair 8800 was launched in the personal computer era as a result of its success. Given the fact of its success, its computer bus, known as the S-100 bus, gained the de facto norm (IEEE-696). Altair BASIC, Microsoft’s first product, was the initial language of programming for the system. The Altair 8800, which was founded on the Intel 8080 processor, was designed for enthusiasts. It reached the perfect point in terms of efficiency and pricing. Altair proved to be a catalyst for the microcomputer upheaval. The MITS Altair 8800 was a remarkably adaptable mechanical device. To get it to work, owners had to buy merely a few pieces of equipment and these accessories were easily available along with the extra memory chips and connection boards. Other accessories such as audio tape boards for Altair 8800 were also on market at that time.
