Formula, Structure, Rules for the present perfect tense
Formula for | Active voice | Passive voice
(auxiliary verb- has/have been+by) |
Simple | subject+has/have+verb(3)+object | object+has/have+been+past participle(V3)+ by+subject |
Negative | subject+has/have+not+verb(3)+object | object+has/have+not+been+past participle(V3)+by+subject |
Interrogative | has/have+subject+verb(3)+object | has/have+object+been+past participle(V3)+by+subject |
Interrogative+Negative | has/have+subject+not+verb(3)+object | has/have+object+not+been+past participle(V3)+by+subject |
Examples:
Active: He has played football.
Passive: Football has been played by him.
Active: He has not played football.
Passive: Football has not been played by him.
Active: Has he played football?
Passive: Has football been played by him?
Active: Has he not played football?
Passive: Has football not been played by him?
Active: She has written a book.
Passive: A book has been written by her.
Active: She has not written a book.
Passive: A book has not been written by her.
Active: Has she written a book?
Passive: Has a book been written by her?
Active: Has she not written a book?
Passive: Has a book not been written by her?
Active: Hewlett-Packard has typed a document.
Passive: A document has been typed by Hewlett-Packard.
Active: Hewlett-Packard has not typed a document.
Passive: A document has not been typed by Hewlett-Packard.
Active: Has Hewlett-Packard typed a document?
Passive: Has a document been typed by Hewlett-Packard?
Active: Has Hewlett-Packard not typed a document?
Passive: Has a document not been typed by Hewlett-Packard?
Active: A cat has drunk milk.
Passive: Milk has been drunk by a cat.
Active: A cat has not drunk milk.
Passive: Milk has not been drunk by a cat.
Active: Has a cat drunk milk?
Passive: Has milk been drunk by a cat?
Active: Has a cat not drunk milk?
Passive: Has milk not been drunk by a cat?
Active: They have enjoyed a picnic.
Passive: A picnic has been enjoyed by them.
Active: They have not enjoyed a picnic.
Passive: A picnic has not been enjoyed by them.
Active: Have they enjoyed a picnic?
Passive: Has a picnic been enjoyed by them?
Active: Have they not enjoyed a picnic?
Passive: Has a picnic not been enjoyed by them?
Active: Tim Berners-Lee has entered the gate.
Passive: The gate has been entered by Tim Berners-Lee.
Active: Tim Berners-Lee has not entered the gate.
Passive: The gate has not been entered by Tim Berners-Lee.
Active: Has Tim Berners-Lee entered the gate?
Passive: Has the gate been entered by Tim Berners-Lee?
Active: Has Tim Berners-Lee not entered the gate?
Passive: Has the gate not been entered by Tim Berners-Lee?
Active: I have planted flowers.
Passive: Flowers have been planted by me.
Active: I have not planted flowers.
Passive: Flowers have not been planted by me.
Active: Have I planted flowers?
Passive: Have flowers been planted by me?
Active: Have I not planted flowers?
Passive: Have flowers not been planted by me?
Active: James Gosling has taken breakfast.
Passive: Breakfast has been taken by James Gosling.
Active: James Gosling has not taken breakfast.
Passive: Breakfast has not been taken by James Gosling.
Active: Has James Gosling taken breakfast?
Passive: Has breakfast been taken by James Gosling?
Active: Has James Gosling not taken breakfast?
Passive: Has breakfast not been taken by James Gosling?
Active: We have eaten mangoes.
Passive: Mangoes have been eaten by us.
Active: We have not eaten mangoes.
Passive: Mangoes have not been eaten by us.
Active: Have we eaten mangoes?
Passive: Have mangoes been eaten by us?
Active: Have we not eaten mangoes?
Passive: Have mangoes not been eaten by us?
Active: I have made noodles.
Passive: Noodles have been made by me.
Active: I have not made noodles.
Passive: Noodles have not been made by me.
Active: Have I made noodles?
Passive: Have noodles been made by me?
Active: Have I not made noodles?
Passive: Have noodles not been made by me?
Active: Linus has joined an office.
Passive: An office has been joined by Linus.
Active: Linus has not joined an office.
Passive: An office has not been joined by Linus.
Active: Has Linus joined an office?
Passive: Has an office been joined by Linus?
Active: Has Linus not joined an office?
Passive: Has an office not been joined by Linus?
Active: Torvalds has watered plants.
Passive: Plants have been watered by Torvalds.
Active: Torvalds has not watered plants.
Passive: Plants have not been watered by Torvalds.
Active: Has Torvalds watered plants?
Passive: Have plants been watered by Torvalds?
Active: Has Torvalds not watered plants?
Passive: Have plants not been watered by Torvalds?
Active: Bill Gates has earned money.
Passive: Money has been earned by Bill Gates.
Active: Bill Gates has not earned money.
Passive: Money has not been earned by Bill Gates.
Active: Has Bill Gates earned money?
Passive: Has money been earned by Bill Gates?
Active: Has Bill Gates not earned money?
Passive: Has money not been earned by Bill Gates?
Active: You have eaten pasta.
Passive: Pasta has been eaten by you.
Active: You have not eaten pasta.
Passive: Pasta has not been eaten by you.
Active: Have you eaten pasta?
Passive: Has pasta been eaten by you?
Active: Have you not eaten pasta?
Passive: Has pasta not been eaten by you?
Active: They have played a game.
Passive: A game has been played by them.
Active: They have not played a game.
Passive: A game has not been played by them.
Active: Have they played a game?
Passive: Has a game been played by them?
Active: Have they not played a game?
Passive: Has a game not been played by them?
Active: Steve Jobs has painted a picture.
Passive: A picture has been painted by Steve Jobs.
Active: Steve Jobs has not painted a picture.
Passive: A picture has not been painted by Steve Jobs.
Active: Has Steve Jobs painted a picture?
Passive: Has a picture been painted by Steve Jobs?
Active: Has Steve Jobs not painted a picture?
Passive: Has a picture not been painted by Steve Jobs?
Learn More About Active & Passive Voice
- Simple present tense – Active and passive voice
- Present continuous tense – Active passive voice
- Present perfect tense – Active passive voice
- Simple past tense – Active Passive voice
- Past continuous tense – Active passive voice
- Past perfect tense – Active passive voice
- Simple future tense – Active passive voice
- Future perfect tense – Active passive voice