1. The architecture of an embedded system mainly consists of:
(A) Hardware, software, and firmware
(B) Hardware only
(C) Software only
(D) Processor only
2. The central processing element of an embedded system is the:
(A) Microcontroller or microprocessor
(B) Display unit
(C) Power supply
(D) Memory module
3. Which of the following is a major component of embedded hardware architecture?
(A) CPU, memory, and I/O interfaces
(B) Keyboard and monitor
(C) Power station
(D) Network router
4. The program memory in an embedded system typically stores:
(A) Firmware or code
(B) Temporary variables
(C) Sensor data
(D) User inputs
5. Data memory in an embedded system is used to store:
(A) Intermediate results and runtime data
(B) Program code
(C) Bootloader instructions only
(D) Input/output device details
6. In embedded systems, ROM is used for:
(A) Storing permanent program instructions
(B) Temporary data storage
(C) Buffering serial communication
(D) Dynamic memory allocation
7. RAM in an embedded system is used for:
(A) Temporary data and stack storage
(B) Permanent program storage
(C) Storing firmware
(D) Hardware configuration
8. The bus system in embedded architecture is responsible for:
(A) Data transfer between components
(B) Storing data permanently
(C) Executing program instructions
(D) Powering devices
9. The control unit in an embedded processor is responsible for:
(A) Directing data flow and instruction execution
(B) Performing arithmetic operations only
(C) Data storage
(D) Input/output management
10. The ALU in an embedded processor performs:
(A) Arithmetic and logical operations
(B) Program control
(C) Memory management
(D) Communication handling
11. The firmware of an embedded system is typically stored in:
(A) Non-volatile memory
(B) RAM
(C) Cache memory
(D) Volatile memory
12. An embedded processor that includes CPU, memory, and peripherals on a single chip is called:
(A) Microcontroller
(B) Microprocessor
(C) DSP
(D) FPGA
13. The function of the I/O interface in an embedded system is to:
(A) Communicate with external devices
(B) Store data permanently
(C) Execute instructions
(D) Control power consumption
14. Which of the following is not a part of embedded system hardware?
(A) Compiler
(B) Memory
(C) Processor
(D) I/O interface
15. The software component of an embedded system includes:
(A) Device drivers and application code
(B) PCB layout
(C) Microcontroller pins
(D) Sensors
16. Middleware in an embedded system is used to:
(A) Connect hardware and application software
(B) Control the power supply
(C) Manage data storage
(D) Handle interrupts only
17. The watchdog timer in embedded architecture ensures:
(A) System reset in case of software failure
(B) Higher processing speed
(C) Efficient communication
(D) Reduced power usage
18. Embedded system architecture can be classified into:
(A) Von Neumann and Harvard
(B) RISC and CISC
(C) Open and closed loop
(D) Digital and analog
19. In Harvard architecture, program and data memories are:
(A) Separate
(B) Combined
(C) Stored in cache
(D) Stored externally only
20. In Von Neumann architecture, program and data share:
(A) The same memory and bus
(B) Separate memory
(C) Different buses
(D) Separate CPUs
21. The interrupt system in embedded architecture allows:
(A) Immediate response to external events
(B) Continuous polling
(C) Delayed signal processing
(D) Power management only
22. The clock circuit in an embedded system provides:
(A) Timing and synchronization for operations
(B) Storage for data
(C) Power supply
(D) Reset function
23. The power supply section in embedded hardware provides:
(A) Required voltage and current to components
(B) Data communication
(C) Software execution
(D) Memory mapping
24. The peripheral interfaces in embedded systems include:
(A) Serial, parallel, and analog interfaces
(B) Software libraries
(C) Operating system kernels
(D) Memory blocks only
25. The system-on-chip (SoC) architecture integrates:
(A) Processor, memory, and peripherals on one chip
(B) Only CPU and memory
(C) External interfaces
(D) Power supply and clock
26. In embedded architecture, the real-time clock (RTC) is used for:
(A) Keeping track of time and date
(B) Synchronizing buses
(C) Powering the system
(D) Managing interrupts
27. The bootloader in embedded architecture is responsible for:
(A) Initializing and loading firmware
(B) Performing arithmetic operations
(C) Managing I/O devices
(D) Handling interrupts
28. The purpose of a system bus is to:
(A) Connect CPU, memory, and peripherals
(B) Provide power
(C) Control display output
(D) Increase data security
29. The key constraint in embedded architecture design is:
(A) Power, performance, and area (PPA) optimization
(B) Maximum user interface complexity
(C) High latency tolerance
(D) Unlimited memory usage
30. The co-processor in embedded architecture is used to:
(A) Handle specialized tasks such as signal processing
(B) Store firmware
(C) Generate clock signals
(D) Manage memory access