Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) MCQs

By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: September 28, 2024

What is Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)?
A) A condition where the hip joint is improperly formed
B) A type of hip fracture
C) An infection of the hip joint
D) A degenerative disease of the hip
Answer: A) A condition where the hip joint is improperly formed

Which age group is primarily affected by DDH?
A) Newborns to 6 months
B) Children aged 1-3 years
C) Adolescents
D) Adults
Answer: A) Newborns to 6 months

What is a common physical examination finding in DDH?
A) Limping gait
B) Asymmetrical leg lengths
C) Clicking sound during hip movement
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

What diagnostic tool is most commonly used to assess DDH?
A) MRI
B) X-ray
C) Ultrasound
D) CT scan
Answer: C) Ultrasound

Which position is typically used to assess the hip for DDH in infants?
A) Supine
B) Prone
C) Sitting
D) Standing
Answer: A) Supine

What is the typical treatment for infants diagnosed with DDH?
A) Surgery
B) Physical therapy
C) Pavlik harness
D) Bed rest
Answer: C) Pavlik harness

What is the main purpose of the Pavlik harness in DDH treatment?
A) To strengthen the hip muscles
B) To keep the hip in the proper position
C) To immobilize the hip
D) To reduce pain
Answer: B) To keep the hip in the proper position

What is a risk factor for developing DDH?
A) Being a firstborn child
B) Female gender
C) Family history of hip problems
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

Which test is commonly used for screening DDH in newborns?
A) Ortolani test
B) Barlow test
C) Both A and B
D) Trendelenburg test
Answer: C) Both A and B

What does a positive Ortolani test indicate?
A) Hip dislocation
B) Hip reduction
C) Normal hip function
D) Hip subluxation
Answer: A) Hip dislocation

At what age is surgical intervention usually considered for untreated DDH?
A) 6 months
B) 1 year
C) 2 years
D) 3 years
Answer: C) 2 years

What is a potential long-term complication of untreated DDH?
A) Osteoarthritis
B) Avascular necrosis
C) Leg length discrepancy
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above

What is the goal of early intervention in DDH?
A) Improve aesthetics
B) Restore normal hip function
C) Minimize healthcare costs
D) Prevent obesity
Answer: B) Restore normal hip function

Which imaging method is preferred for older children with suspected DDH?
A) X-ray
B) MRI
C) Ultrasound
D) CT scan
Answer: A) X-ray

What is the significance of a family history of hip dysplasia?
A) It has no significance
B) It increases the risk of DDH
C) It indicates a severe case
D) It guarantees the child will have DDH
Answer: B) It increases the risk of DDH

Which demographic is at higher risk for DDH?
A) Males
B) Females
C) Premature infants
D) Both B and C
Answer: D) Both B and C

What is the most common presenting symptom of DDH in older children?
A) Pain in the hip
B) Limited range of motion
C) A noticeable limp
D) Swelling in the thigh
Answer: C) A noticeable limp

What is the purpose of the Barlow test?
A) To assess hip mobility
B) To detect hip dislocation
C) To evaluate leg length
D) To check for pain
Answer: B) To detect hip dislocation

What is the expected outcome of treatment for DDH when identified early?
A) Complete recovery without complications
B) Permanent hip problems
C) Risk of surgery
D) Chronic pain
Answer: A) Complete recovery without complications

What is the age cutoff for using a Pavlik harness effectively?
A) 3 months
B) 6 months
C) 1 year
D) 18 months
Answer: B) 6 months

What is an important consideration when using a Pavlik harness?
A) Frequent repositioning
B) Continuous wear, day and night
C) Limiting movement
D) Only using during playtime
Answer: B) Continuous wear, day and night

What condition can mimic symptoms of DDH in infants?
A) Hip impingement
B) Osteomyelitis
C) Congenital muscular torticollis
D) Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Answer: C) Congenital muscular torticollis

What is the primary method for monitoring the effectiveness of DDH treatment?
A) Physical examination
B) Regular imaging
C) Pain assessment
D) Patient feedback
Answer: B) Regular imaging

What is the prognosis for most infants treated for DDH?
A) Poor
B) Good
C) Uncertain
D) Depends on age at diagnosis
Answer: B) Good

Which sign may indicate that a child has DDH?
A) Asymmetrical thigh folds
B) Increased flexibility
C) Pain during hip extension
D) Normal gait
Answer: A) Asymmetrical thigh folds

What is an indication for surgical intervention in DDH?
A) Severe hip flexor tightness
B) Non-responsive to bracing
C) Mild symptoms
D) Presence of hip pain
Answer: B) Non-responsive to bracing

What should parents be educated about regarding DDH?
A) The importance of early diagnosis and treatment
B) The potential need for long-term medication
C) The lack of genetic factors
D) That it only affects boys
Answer: A) The importance of early diagnosis and treatment

Which type of hip positioning is recommended for infants at risk of DDH?
A) Extended position
B) Abducted and flexed position
C) Supine with straight legs
D) Prone position
Answer: B) Abducted and flexed position

What is the primary goal of DDH treatment?
A) Pain relief
B) Joint stability and function
C) Aesthetic appearance
D) Weight management
Answer: B) Joint stability and function

At what age should children be routinely screened for DDH?
A) At birth and 6 weeks
B) At 3 months
C) At 1 year
D) Only if symptomatic
Answer: A) At birth and 6 weeks

What is the role of genetic factors in DDH?
A) They have no role
B) They may increase susceptibility
C) They guarantee the condition
D) They are the primary cause
Answer: B) They may increase susceptibility

What is the common age range for diagnosis of DDH?
A) 0-6 months
B) 6-12 months
C) 1-2 years
D) 3-5 years
Answer: A) 0-6 months

Which of the following is NOT a typical intervention for DDH?
A) Pavlik harness
B) Bracing
C) Surgical hip reconstruction
D) Massage therapy
Answer: D) Massage therapy

What follow-up care is typically required after surgical intervention for DDH?
A) Regular imaging studies
B) Strict bed rest
C) Immediate physical therapy
D) Only pain management
Answer: A) Regular imaging studies

What can be a sign of hip dysplasia in walking children?
A) Normal gait
B) Waddling gait
C) Heel-toe walking
D) Jumping ability
Answer: B) Waddling gait

What is a late complication of untreated DDH?
A) Joint hypermobility
B) Hip arthritis
C) Enhanced flexibility
D) Reduced risk of dislocation
Answer: B) Hip arthritis

What is an important factor in the success of DDH treatment?
A) Type of hip brace used
B) Compliance with treatment
C) Child’s dietary habits
D) Physical activity level
Answer: B) Compliance with treatment

 

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