Let me share with you a comparison between Homozygous and Heterozygous.
| Aspect | Homozygous | Heterozygous |
| Genetic makeup | Two identical alleles for a specific gene e.g., AA or aa | Two different alleles for a specific gene e.g., Aa |
| Dominance | Both alleles express the same trait | One allele may be dominant, while the other may be recessive |
| Phenotype | Typically expresses a specific trait related to the dominant allele | May exhibit an intermediate trait related to both alleles |
| Genetic diversity | Lower genetic diversity in the specific gene | Higher genetic diversity in the specific gene |
| Inbreeding | Prone to inbreeding depression when the allele is associated with harmful traits | Less susceptible to inbreeding depression |
| Genetic Diseases | More susceptible to recessive genetic diseases if the allele carries harmful mutations | Less susceptible to recessive genetic diseases as the dominant allele often masks harmful mutations |
| Genetic Testing | Easier to determine the genotype | May require DNA sequencing or specific tests to identify the alleles |
| Probability of Passing on Alleles | Always passes on the same allele to offspring | Can pass on either of the two alleles to offspring with equal probability |
| Symbolization | Homozygous dominant is represented as AA and homozygous recessive as aa | Heterozygous is represented as Aa |