Chemical formula of sucrose
By: Prof. Dr. Fazal Rehman Shamil | Last updated: February 3, 2024

The Chemical formula of sucrose is C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁.

Characteristics of sucrose

Properties	Detail
Chemical formula	C12H22O11
Molecular weight	342.30 g/mol
Appearance	White, odorless, crystalline solid
Solubility	Soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol
Melting point	186 °C (367 °F)
Boiling point	Decomposes at high temperatures
Taste	Sweet
Source	Naturally occurring in sugarcane, sugar beets, and other plants

Reaction of sucrose with Alkali Metal

Alkali Metal	Reaction
Lithium (Li)	No reaction at room temperature. However, when heated to high temperatures, sucrose can decompose into C ,H20 and lithium oxide.
Sodium (Na)	Sucrose reacts with sodium at high temperatures,forming C ,H20 and sodium carbonate.
Potassium (K)	Sucrose reacts with potassium at high temperatures,forming C ,H20 and potassium carbonate.
Rubidium (Rb)	Sucrose reacts with rubidium at high temperatures,forming C ,H20 and rubidium carbonate.
Cesium (Cs)	Sucrose reacts with cesium at high temperatures,forming C ,H20 and cesium carbonate.
Francium (Fr)	No data

Reaction of sucrose with Alkaline Earth Metal

Alkaline Earth Metal	Reaction
Beryllium (Be)	No reaction at room temperature
Magnesium (Mg)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁+ Mg react and changes into MgO + 12C + 11H₂O
Calcium (Ca)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + Ca react and changes into CaO + 12C + 11H₂O
Strontium (Sr)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + Sr react and changes into SrO + 12C + 11H₂O
Barium (Ba)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + Ba react and changes into BaO + 12C + 11H₂O
Radium (Ra)	No data

Reaction of sucrose with Transition Metal

Transition Metal	Reaction
Iron (Fe)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ + 3Fe react and changes into 4Fe₃O₄ + 12CO₂ + 11H₂O
Copper (Cu)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 25Cu2+ + 60OH- react and changes into 25CuO + 12CO₂ + 66H₂O
Zinc (Zn)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ + 3Zn react and changes into 3ZnO + 12CO₂ + 11H₂O
Nickel (Ni)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ + 3Ni react and changes into 3NiO + 12CO₂ + 11H₂O
Platinum (Pt)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ react and changes into 12C + 11H₂O + 11CO₂
Chromium (Cr)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂+ 3Cr react and changes into 3Cr₂O₃ + 12CO₂ + 11H₂O
Titanium (Ti)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ + 3Ti react and changes into 3TiO₂ + 12CO₂ + 11H₂O

Reaction of sucrose with Non-Transition Metal

Non-Transition Metal	Reaction
Aluminum (Al)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ + 4Al react and changes into 2Al₂O₃ + 12CO₂ + 11H₂O
Carbon (C)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂→ 12CO₂ + 11H₂O
Chlorine (Cl)	no reaction
Hydrogen (H)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂SO₄ react and changes into 12C + 11H₂O + H₂SO₄
Nitrogen (N)	no reaction
Oxygen (O)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ react and changes into 12CO₂ + 11H₂O
Phosphorus (P)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ + 2P react and changes into P₄O₁₀ + 12CO₂ + 11H₂O
Sulfur (S)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂+ 2S react and changes into 2SO₂ + 12CO₂ + 11H₂O

Reaction of sucrose with Non-Metal

Non-Metal	Reaction
Carbon (C)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂→ 12CO₂ + 11H₂O
Chlorine (Cl)	no reaction
Hydrogen (H)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + H₂SO_{4 react and changes into}12C + 11H₂O + H₂SO₄
Nitrogen (N)	no reaction.
Oxygen (O)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ react and changes into 12CO₂ + 11H₂O
Phosphorus (P)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ + 2P react and changes into P₄O₁₀ + 12CO₂ + 11H₂O
Sulfur (S)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ + 2S react and changes into 2SO2 + 12CO₂ + 11H₂O

Reaction of sucrose with Metalloid

Metalloid	Reaction
Boron (B)	No product
Silicon (Si)	C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁ + 12O₂ + 4Si react and changes into 4SiO₂ + 12CO₂ + 11H₂O

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